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Lecture - 1 Introduction To Power Electronics

The document provides information about the course ES-321 Power Electronics taught by Dr. Muhammad Amjad. It includes the course outline, textbooks, objectives, and nature. The course covers principles of power electronics, devices, rectifiers, inverters, converters, and applications in power supplies. It aims to describe power systems and semiconductor devices, analyze converter circuits, and simulate circuits in MATLAB/Simulink. Power electronics is important for energy conversion and processing to power modern computers, communication systems, and other electronic devices.

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146 views

Lecture - 1 Introduction To Power Electronics

The document provides information about the course ES-321 Power Electronics taught by Dr. Muhammad Amjad. It includes the course outline, textbooks, objectives, and nature. The course covers principles of power electronics, devices, rectifiers, inverters, converters, and applications in power supplies. It aims to describe power systems and semiconductor devices, analyze converter circuits, and simulate circuits in MATLAB/Simulink. Power electronics is important for energy conversion and processing to power modern computers, communication systems, and other electronic devices.

Uploaded by

unity123d deew
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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ES-321

POWER ELECTRONICS

By
Dr. Muhammad Amjad

1
Course Outline
Principles of power electronics, converters and applications, circuit
components and power computation. Power Electronic Devices: Power
diode, power BJT, power MOSFET, IGBT and SCR, GTO and TRIAC and
DIAC. Construction, characteristics, operations, losses, ratings, control and
protection of thyristors. Half wave and full-wave rectifiers with resistive and
inductive loads, un-controlled, semi controlled and fully controlled
rectifiers, three-phase rectifiers: uncontrolled, semi controlled and full
controlled, six-pulse, PWM converters, DC to AC converters, three-phase
inverter, six-pulse, PWM inverters, switching mode power supplies, DC
to DC conversation, buck converter, boost converter and buck boost
converter, Cuk Converter, Introduction to power electronics applications in
DC power supplies, forward converters, fly back converter, Push Pull
Converter.
Text Books:
1. Power Electronics by Daniel W. Hart
2. Power Electronics Circuits, Devices and Applications B y
2
Muhammad H. Rashid
Course Outcomes/Objectives
On the completion of the course, the student will be able to demonstrate:
 Describe power electronics systems and list specific examples of energy conversion
and power processing.
 Analyze the operation of power semiconductor devices and describe the characteristics
of each type.
 Estimate the power losses in switching power semiconductor devices.
 Analyze uncontrolled and controlled rectifiers and plot input-output voltage and current
waveforms for various types of loads.
 Design AC-DC rectifiers to meet specified power, voltage and current ripple
requirements.
 Use Fourier series analysis to analyze harmonic distortion of voltage and current
waveforms.
 Analyze the different topologies of DC-DC converters. Analyze and design DC-DC
converters for switch-mode power supply applications.
 Analyze PWM voltage source inverters and discuss typical applications.
 Use MATLAB/Simulink to simulateDr.different converter circuits and to plot the voltage
Tauseef Tauqeer 3
and current waveforms.
Interdisciplinary Nature of
Power Electronics

4
Quote From IEEE
• We now live in truly global Society. In the
highly automated industrial front with the
economic competitiveness of nations, In
future two technologies will dominate:
• Computers and Power Electronics- the
former providing the intelligence as to
“What to do” and the latter “the means to
do it”
5
Quote From IEEE
• “Modern computers, communication and
electronic systems get their life blood from
Power Electronics”.

6
Current issues
1. Energy scenario

 Fossil Fuel (87 % )


• Coal, Oil and Natural gas
- Coal 200 years
- Oil 100 years
- Gas 150years
 Nuclear (6%)
-Natural Uranium fuel 50years

 Renewable Energy (7%)


• Solar, Wind, Hydro

7
Environment issues

• Burning of fossil fuel


– emits gases such as CO2, CO (oil burning), SO2, NOX (coal burning)
etc.
– Creates global warming (green house effect), acid rain and urban
pollution from smokes.
– Mount Everest is loosing height 10 cm/year, climate changes
• Nuclear safety.
– Nuclear plants remain radioactive for thousands of years.
– Waste Handling

8
How to Solve / Mitigate the
Problem
• Need to reduce dependence on fossil fuel
– coal, natural gas, oil, and nuclear power resource, depletion of these
sources is expected.

• Tap renewable energy resources:


– solar, wind, Hydro, ocean-wave

• Energy saving by PE applications. Examples:


– For Steam Turbine, If input is 100 kW of fuel energy, output at
consumer end is around 15-20 kW of useful work.
 Every kW of loss saved at consumer end will save 6 kW of fuel
energy at front end.

9
– Induction Motor is workhorse of industry, driving fan, pump or
compressor.
– Bulk of power is consumed by induction motors.
– Variable speed compressor air-conditioning system: 30% savings
compared to thermostat-controlled system.

– Lightening using electronic ballast boost efficiency of fluorescent


lamp by 20%.

• Possible Solutions by application of PE. Examples:


– Renewable energy resources.
– Centralization of power stations to remote non-urban area. (mitigation).
– Electric vehicles.

10
Definition of Power Electronics
To convert, to process and control the flow of electric power by
supplying voltage s and currents in a form that is optimally suited for
user loads.
• Basic block diagram

POWER
OUTPUT
Source Power Processor Load
v, i
i i
v,i
o o

Controller measurement
reference

11
Power Electronics (PE) Systems

• To convert electrical energy from one form to another, i.e. from the
source to load with:
– highest efficiency,
– highest availability and reliability
– lowest cost, smallest size, least weight.

• Compromises may be required, depending on application

• Static applications
– involves non-rotating or moving mechanical components.
– Examples:
• DC Power supply, Un-interruptible power supply, Power generation and
transmission (HVDC), Electroplating, Welding, Heating, Cooling,
Electronic ballast

• Drive applications
– intimately contains moving or rotating components such as motors.
– Examples:
• Electric trains, Electric vehicles, Air-conditioning System, Pumps, 12
Compressor, Conveyer Belt (Factory automation).
Power Converter System

13

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