TUPLES

• “A tuple is an immutable, ordered sequence

of values of any data types (string, float,
integer, etc.)”
– Values in the tuples are called elements or items.
– The elements in the tuples are immutable and
indexed / ordered.
– The elements in the list are enclosed in
parentheses ( )separated by comma.
 CREATING A TUPLE

• Tuple_name = (item1, item2, item3,

item4……., item n)
Syntax
Tuple_variable [index_number]
• Indexing
• Forward indexing: Index starts from 0 to n-1.
Example
>>>subject= (“English”, “Tamil”, “Maths”, “Physics”,
“Botany”, “Zoology”)
>>>subject [0]
‘English’#output
>>>subject [2]
‘Maths’ #output
>>>subject [5]
‘Zoology’ #output
• Negative (backward) indexing: The index of -1 refers to
the last item, -2 to the second last item and so on.
Example
>>>subject= (“English”, “Tamil”, “Maths”, “Physics”,
“Botany”, “Zoology”)
>>>subject [-1]
‘Zoology’ #output
>>>subject [-3]
‘Physics’ #output
>>>subject [-6]
‘English’ #output
 VARIABLE-LENGTH ARGUMENTS
TUPLES
• Variable number of arguments can also be
passed to a function.
• A variable name that is preceded by an
asterisk (*) collects the arguments into a tuple
 Example
#function definition
>>>def greeting (*t):
i=0
while i <len(t):
print (“Hai”,t[i])
i=i+1
#function call
>>>greeting ("Anu","Kavin","Ram","Krish")
Output
HaiAnu
HaiKavin
Hai Ram
HaiKrish
 UPDATING TUPLES ( TUPLES ARE
IMMUTABLE)
• Tuples are immutable, which means cannot
update or change the values of tuple
elements.
• Can generate a new tuple rather than change
the old tuples.
Example
>>>a = (‘parrot’, ’Dove’, ’duck’, ’cuckoo’)
>>>a [3] = “crow”
Output:
TypeError: object doesn’t support item
assignment
 DELETEING TUPLE ELEMENTS
• Removing individual tuple elements is not
possible.
• To remove an entire tuple, use the keyword
del.
Syntax
del tuple_name
Example
>>>tup= (‘parrot’, ’Dove’, ’duck’, ’cuckoo’)
>>>tup
(‘parrot’, ’Dove’, ’duck’, ’cuckoo’)
>>>del tup
>>>tup
Output:
NameError: name 'tup' is not defined
(means tup is deleted)
 TUPLE OPERATION
• There are many operations that can be
performed with tuple.
• The various tuple operations are,
1. Tuple concatenation
2. Repeating a tuple (replication operator)
3. ‘in’ operator (Tuple Membership test)
4. Iteration through a tuple
 Tuple concatenation
• A number of tuple can be combined to form a
single tuple is called tuple concatenation.
• The (+) operator is to join the tuple.
Syntax
“tuple_variable 1” + “tuple _variable
2”+…..+“tuple _variable n”
Example
>>>a = (‘x’, ’y’, ’z’)
>>>b = (5, 10, 15)
>>>c = a + b
>>>print(c)
Output
( ‘x’, ’y’, ’z’, 5, 10, 15)
Repeating a list(Replication Operator)
Group of tuple can be repeated by using the (*)
operator.
Example
>>>a = ( 1, 2, 3 )
>>>print (a* 3)
Output
(1, 2, 3, 1, 2, 3, 1, 2, 3)

The (*) operator is the tuple replication operator.

Syntax
(“tuple_variable” * n)
• Where, tuple_variable is the variable name
• * is the list replication operator
• n is the number of times the list to be
repeated.
Example
>>>a = ( 1, 2, 3 )
>>>print (a* 3)
Output
(1, 2, 3, 1, 2, 3, 1, 2, 3)
The ‘in’ operator (Tuple Membership
test)
• Can test if an element is exists within a tuple
or not, using the keyword ‘in’.
Example
>>>a = ( 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 )
>>>5 in a
True
>>>10 in a
False
 Iterating through a Tuple

Traversal using ‘for’ loop

Example
>>>bird = (‘p’, ’a’, ’r’,’ r’, ’o’, ’t’)
>>>for letter in bird:
print(letter)
Output:
Pa r r o t
The most common way to traverse the elements of
a tuple is using a ‘for loop’.
 BUILD-IN TUPLE METHODS
• In python count ( ) and index ( ) are the two
methods that works with tuples.
• Tuple Method in python
– count( )
• Returns the count number of items passed as an
argument
– index( )
• Returns the index of the first matched item.
 Count (x )
• The count method returns the number of
times xappears in the tuple.
Syntax
tuple_name.count(object)
Example
>>>t = (‘a’, ‘p’, ‘p’, ‘l’, ‘e’)
>>>print(a.count(‘p’)
2
 index (x)
• The index method returns the index of the
first matched item. in the tuple.
Syntax
tuple_name.index(object)
Example
>>>t = (‘a’, ‘p’, ‘p’, ‘l’, ‘e’)
>>>print(a.index(‘l’)
3
 BUILD-IN FUNCTIONS WITH TUPLES
• Python’s built-in functions can be used with tuple
to obtain needed value and execute various tasks.
len( )
• The length function returns the number of items
on a tuple.
Example
>>>a=(0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25)
>>>len(a)
6
 Max( )
• The Max( ) function returns item with
maximum value from thetuple.
Example
>>>a = (0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25)
>>>max(a)
25
 Min( )
• The Min( ) function returns item with
minimum value from the tuple
Example
>>>a = (0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25)
>>>min(a)
0
 sum( )
• The sum( ) function returns the sum of all
items on a tuple
Example
>>>a = (0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25)
>>>sum(a)
75
 sorted( )

• The sorted function returns a sorted list in

ascending order.
Example
>>>a = (1, 9, 15, 11, 3, 7)
>>>sorted(a)
(1, 3, 7, 9, 11, 15)
 tuple( )
• Convert other sequence like list, string, or
dictionary into a tuples
1. Converting string to tuple
Example
>>>str= “python”
>>>tuple(str)
Output:
(‘p’, ‘y’, ‘t’, ‘h’, ’o’, ‘n’)
 2. Converting list to tuple
Example
>>>list= [‘red’, ‘green’, ‘blue’, ‘yellow’]
>>>tuple(list)
Output:
(‘red’, ‘green’, ‘blue’, ‘yellow’)
 3. Converting dictionary to tuple
Example
>>>dict= {‘Name’ : ‘Raju’ , ‘age’ : 20, ‘color’ :
‘white’}
>>>tuple(dict)
Output:
(‘Name’, ‘age’, ‘color’)
 TUPLE ASSIGNMENT
• A programmer can assign multiple variables in
one statement by using tuple assignment.
• Tuple assignment is an assignment with a
sequence on the right side and a tuple of
variables on the left.
• The right side is evaluated and then its
elements are assigned to the variables on the
left
Example
>>>a, b = 1, 2
>>>a
1
>>>b
2
• Where a, b is tuple of expressions
• 1, 2 is tuple of variables
• Each value is assigned to its respective
variables.
• The number of variables on the left and the
number of values on the right have to be
same.
Example
>>>a, b = 1, 2, 3
Value Error: too many values to unpack
 TUPLE AS RETURN VALUES
• Tuples can also be returned by the function as
return values.
• A function can return more than one value
using tuple.
 Example
#function definition
>>>def div_mod(a,b):
quotient = a / b
remainder = a % b
return quotient, remainder
#function call
>>>x, y = 10, 3
>>>t = div_mod (x, y)
>>>print(t)
(3, 1)#output
• In this example both the quotient and
remainder can be computed at the same time.
• Two values will be returned, i.e., quotient and
remainder by using the tuple as the return
value of the function.