Scribd
Upload
243 views

Distillation of Ethanol-Water Solution Using Enthalpy-Concentration Diagram

1) The document presents the solution to a distillation problem using an enthalpy-concentration diagram. 2) Material and component balances are used to calculate flows at various points in the distillation column. 3) A trial and error approach is taken to determine the operating line of the column by selecting vapor and liquid compositions and calculating corresponding flows. 4) Equations are used to calculate the condenser duty, reboiler duty, and bottom flow based on the determined operating line.

Uploaded by

Chiara Patriana
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
243 views

Distillation of Ethanol-Water Solution Using Enthalpy-Concentration Diagram

1) The document presents the solution to a distillation problem using an enthalpy-concentration diagram. 2) Material and component balances are used to calculate flows at various points in the distillation column. 3) A trial and error approach is taken to determine the operating line of the column by selecting vapor and liquid compositions and calculating corresponding flows. 4) Equations are used to calculate the condenser duty, reboiler duty, and bottom flow based on the determined operating line.

Uploaded by

Chiara Patriana
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 16

Problem 11.

6-2
Distillation of Ethanol-Water
Solution using Enthalpy-
Concentration Diagram
Prepared by: Chiara Patriana
GIVEN:
xD = 0.85 C H OH
2 5

Reflux ratio = 2.0

F = 453.6 kg/h

XF= 0.50 C2H5OH

xB = 0.03 C2H5OH
SOLUTION

Overall Material Balance:


F=D+B
453.6 = D + B
Ethanol Balance:
0.50 ( 453.6 ) = 0.85 D + 0.03 B

D = 260.0 kg/h = 572 lb/h


B = 193.6 kg/h = 425.92 lb/h
The flows at the top of the tower are
calculated as follows:

L = 2.0 (572) = 1,144 lb/h


V1 = L + D = 572 +1,144 = 1,718.06 lb/h

Saturated vapor and liquid curve at XD = 0.85

H1 = 20,500 btu/lb mol (saturated vapor)


hD= 4,000 btu/lb mol (saturated liquid)
Trial and Error for calculating points for
operating line of tower.
Trial 1:
Step 1
Assume xN = 0.50, Vn+1 = V1 , Ln = L
𝐿𝑛 𝐷𝑋𝐷
𝑌𝑛+1 = 𝑋𝑛 +
𝑉𝑛+1 𝑉𝑛+1
1,144 572(0.85)
𝑌𝑛+1 = 0.5 +
1,716 1,716
𝑌𝑛+1 = 0.616
Step 2: using enthalpy-composition diagram for
ethanol-water mixtures
Xn = 0.50 ; hn = 3,500 btu/lb mol;
and yn+1 = 0.62; Hn+1 = 21,200 btu/lb mol
Eq. 11.6-12 :
Vn+1Hn+1 = (Vn+1-D)hn + V1 H1 - LhD
(21,200)Vn+1 = (Vn+1 –572 lb/h )3,500+ 1,716 (21,200) –
1,144 (4,000)
Vn+1 = 1,683 lb/h
Vn+1 = Ln + D
Ln = 1,111 lb/h
1,111 572 0.85
𝑦𝑛 + 1 = 0.50 + = 0.618
1,683 1,683

Selecting another value of 𝑥𝑛=0.618


1,111 572 0.85
𝑦𝑛 + 1 = 0.618 + = 0.683
1,716 1,716
yn+1 = 0.683; Hn+1 = 21,100
xn = 0.618 ; hn = 3,000
(21,100)Vn+1 = (Vn+1 –572 lb/h )3,000 +
1,716(21,100) – 1,144 (4,000)
Vn+1 = 1,652.8 lb/h
Ln = 1,080.8 lb/h
1,080.8 572 0.85
𝑦𝑛 + 1 = 0.618 + = 0.698
1,652.8 1,652.8

Using Eq. (11.6-10), the condenser duty is calculated:

qc = V1 H1 – L hD –D hD
= 1716 (20,500) – 1,144 (4000) – 572(4000)
= 28,314,000 btu/lbmol
= 1,429,577.8 kJ/kg
To obtain the reboiler duty qR, xB = 0.03 ,
hB = 3,000 btu/lb mol , xF = 0.50 , and
hF = 3500 btu/lb mol

qR = D hD + B hB +qC – F hF
= 572 (4000) + 425.92 (3000)+ 28,314,000 – 997.92 (3,500)
= 31,530,488 btu/lb mol
= 1,591,978.8 kJ/kg
Reading from the equilibrium line with xB = 0.03,
the vapor composition ym+1 = 0.37

Using Eq. (11.4-14)

Lm = Ln + qF
= 1,144 + (1.0)(997.92)
= 2,141.92 lb/h
Selecting ym+1 = yB = 0.37 and using Eq.
(11.6-15), an approximate value of xm = xn
is obtained:

𝐿𝑚 𝐵𝑥𝐵
𝑦𝑚 + 1 = 𝑥𝑚 −
𝑉𝑚 + 1 𝑉𝑚 + 1

2,141.92 425.92(0.03)
0.37 = 𝑥𝑚 −
1,716 1,716
xm = 0.302
From the enthalpy diagram,
Xm = 0.302 , hm = 2,800 , ym+1 = 0.37 ,
Hm+1 = 21,000
Using Eq. (11.6-16).
Vm+1 Hm+1 = (Vm+1 + B) hm + qR –BhB

Vm+1 (21,000) = (Vm+1 + 425.92) 2,800 +


31,530,488 - 425.92(3,000)
Vm+1 = 1,552.23 lb/h
Lm = B + Vm+1
= 425.92 + 1,552.23 = 1,978.15 lb/h
Using Eq. (11.6-15)

𝐿𝑚 𝐵𝑥𝐵
𝑦𝑚+1 = 𝑥𝑚 −
𝑉𝑚+1 𝑉𝑚+1

1,978.15 425.92(0.03)
0.37 = 𝑥𝑚 −
1,552.23 1,552.23

𝑥𝑚 = 0.297

You might also like