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Anatomy of The Ear

The document summarizes the anatomy of the ear in three parts: 1. The outer ear includes the auricle, external auditory canal, and tympanic membrane. The external auditory canal has cartilaginous and osseous parts containing hair cells and glands. 2. The middle ear contains the auditory ossicles (malleus, incus, stapes) that vibrate and transmit sound from the tympanic membrane through the oval window. It is bordered by bones and contains the Eustachian tube connecting to the nasopharynx. 3. The inner ear includes the bony and membranous labyrinth containing the cochlea,

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Virya Wijayati
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100 views24 pages

Anatomy of The Ear

The document summarizes the anatomy of the ear in three parts: 1. The outer ear includes the auricle, external auditory canal, and tympanic membrane. The external auditory canal has cartilaginous and osseous parts containing hair cells and glands. 2. The middle ear contains the auditory ossicles (malleus, incus, stapes) that vibrate and transmit sound from the tympanic membrane through the oval window. It is bordered by bones and contains the Eustachian tube connecting to the nasopharynx. 3. The inner ear includes the bony and membranous labyrinth containing the cochlea,

Uploaded by

Virya Wijayati
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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ANATOMY OF THE EAR

A) Outer / External Ear


Outer / External Ear

■ Auricula
■ Meatus acusticus externus
■ Tympanic membrane
1) Auricula
2) Meatus Acusticus Externus

■ Pars Cartilagenous
1/3 outer part, hair cells, sebaceous glands, cerumen glands

■ Pars Osseus
2/3 inner part
3) Tympanic Membrane
3) Tympanic Membrane

■ Pars Tensa
mucous, fibrous layer, cutaneous
■ Pars Flaccida / Sharpnells Membrane
Mucous, Cutaneous
■ Light Reflex : Auricula Dextra (arah jam 5), Auricula Sinistra (arah jam 7)
■ Color (normal) : pearl white
■ Size (normal) : 9-10 x 8-9 mm
B) Middle Ear
B) Middle Ear

■ Border of cavity
■ Eustachian tube
■ Auditory bones
1) Borders of Cavity

■ Lateral : tympanic membrane


■ anterior : eustachian tube
■ caudal : jugular vein
■ posterior : auditus ad antrum, canalis fascialis pars verticalis
■ Cranial : menginges / brain, tympanic segment
■ Medial : (cranial to caudal) canalis semicircularis, canalis fascialis, oval and round
window , promontorium
2) Tuba Eustachius
2) Tuba Eustachius

■ Connects middle ear and nasopharynx


■ Lateral part : osseus part
■ Medial part : cartilagenous part
■ Differences between adult’s and children’s eustachian tube :
Children have wider and shorter tube, and its position is more horizontal compared to
adults’ .
■ Clinical significance : infection from nasopharynx easier to invade to middle ear area
among children.
3) Auditory Bones
3) Auditory Bones

■ Maleus, Incus, Stapes (lateral to medial)


■ Each one will ring each other (from maleus to incus to stapes)
■ Stapes will ring foramen ovale
C) Inner / Internal Ear
C) Inner / Internal Ear

■ Labyrinth : Membrane & Bone


■ Choclea
■ Organ Corti
1) Labirynth
■ BONE Labyrinth : ■ MEMBRANE Labyrinth
1. Vestibuli 1. cochlear duct / scala media
2. canalis semicircularis 2. utriculus & saculus
3. Cochlea 3. semicircular duct
4. endolymph duct & sacs

■ Utriculus & saculus : macula, surrounded by hairy cells, gelatinous layers,


have cillia
■ Semicircular canals : have otolith which contains Calcium
Otolith moves towards hairy cells cilia to give impuls to receptors
■ Between bone and membrane labyrinth : perilymph fluid
2) Cochlea
2) Cochlea

■ Scala vestibuli, scala media, scala tympanic (cranial to caudal)


■ Scala vestibuli : perilymph
■ Membrane reissner (border between scala vestibuli and media)
■ Scala media / cochlear duct : endolymph
■ Membrane basillaris (border between scala media and tympanic)
■ Scala tympanic : perilymph
3) Organ Corti
3) Organ Corti

■ Location : on basillar membrane


■ Important organnel for peripheral auditory nerves
■ Structures :
1. Canalis corti : tube between outer and inner hair cells
2. Hair cells : important receptors for auditory , converting mechanical to electrical
energy
3. Supporting cells (deiter cells)
4. Tectoria membrane
Thank You 

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