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Cs112 - Programming Fundamental: Lecture # 36 - Function in C Syed Shahrooz Shamim

This document discusses functions in C programming. It defines functions as sets of statements that work together to perform a common goal. Functions can be library functions or user-defined functions. Library functions are pre-defined, while user-defined functions are created by the programmer. Functions help break programs into modular pieces and make them more organized and easier to debug. The elements of a user-defined function include the function declaration, function call, and function definition. The document also discusses different types of functions based on whether they have arguments and return values.

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Ghazan Aqeel
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48 views

Cs112 - Programming Fundamental: Lecture # 36 - Function in C Syed Shahrooz Shamim

This document discusses functions in C programming. It defines functions as sets of statements that work together to perform a common goal. Functions can be library functions or user-defined functions. Library functions are pre-defined, while user-defined functions are created by the programmer. Functions help break programs into modular pieces and make them more organized and easier to debug. The elements of a user-defined function include the function declaration, function call, and function definition. The document also discusses different types of functions based on whether they have arguments and return values.

Uploaded by

Ghazan Aqeel
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CS112 - PROGRAMMING FUNDAMENTAL

Lecture # 36 – Function in C
Syed Shahrooz Shamim
Junior Lecturer,
CS Department, UIT
Definition
• A set of statements working together with
common goal is known as function.

• Also known as subprograms which are used to


compute a value or perform a specific task.

• They can’t run independently and are always


called by the main() program or by some other
function.
Categories of functions

• Library functions

• User-Defined functions
Library functions
These are also known as Pre defined functions.
Ex.

scanf(), printf(), getch(), strlen(), strcmp(),


strcat(), sqrt(), pow()
are this are library functions.
User Defined Functions
• User defined functions are self-contained blocks
of statements which are written by the user to
compute or perform a task.

• They can be called by the main program


repeatedly as per the requirement.
Uses of functions
• They are very much useful when a block of
statements has to be written/executed again and
again.
• They are useful when program size are too large
and complex.
• It works like top-down modular programming
technique to solve a problem.
• They are also used to reduce the difficulties
during debugging a program.
ELEMENTS OF USER-DEFINED
FUNCTION
• In order to make use of user-defined functions, we
need to establish three elements that are related to
functions.

• Function declaration
• Function Call
• Function definition
Function Declaration
Syntax:

function_type function_name(arguments list);

Ex.
int add(int , int);
Function call
The program that calls the function is referred to as
the calling program or calling functions

Syntax:
function_name(actual parameters);

Ex.

add(a,b);
Function definition
• The function definition is an independent program
module that is specially written or implement the
requirements of the function.
main()
{
function1();
….
function2();
}
function1()
{
…
}
function2()
{
…
function1();
}
Types of functions
1) Function with no arguments & no return value.

2) Function with arguments & no return value.

3) Function with arguments & return one value.

4) Function with no arguments & return one value.

5) Function return multiple values.


Function with no arguments & no
return value
void series( );
main( )
{
series( ); /* function called */
getch( );
}
Void series( )
{
int x , n , i , s=0;
printf(“Enter the value x & n”);
Scanf(“%d%d”, &x ,&n);
For(i=1; i<=n; i++)
s=s+pow(x,i);
Printf(“Sum of series is %d”,s);
}
Function with arguments & no
return value
void series(int , int);
main( )
{
int x , n;
printf(“”Enter the value of x & n);
scanf(“%d%d”,&x&n);
series(x,n); /* function call
with actual
arguments */
getch();
}
void series(int x , int n)
{
int i , s=0;
for(i=1;i<=n;i++);
s=s+pow(x,i);
printf(“Sum of series is %d”,s);
}
Functions with arguments & return
one value
int series(int , int);
main( )
{
int x , n , r;
printf(“Enter x & n”);
Scanf(“%d%d”,&x&n);
r=series(x,n);
printf(“Sum of series is %d”,r);
getch( );
}
int series(int x , int n)
{
int i , s=0;
for(i=1;i<=n;i++)
s=s+pow(x,i);
return(s);
}
Function with no argument & no
return value
int series( );
main( )
{
int r;
r=series( );
printf(“Sum of series %d”,r);
getch( );
}
int series( )
{
int x , n , i , s=0;
printf(“Enter x & n”);
scanf(“%d%d”,&x,&n);
for(i=1;i<=n;i++)
s=s+pow(x,i);
return(s);
}
Function return multiple values
int check( );
main( )
{
int r;
r=check( );
if(r==1)
pintf(“Even number”);
else
printf(“Odd number”);
getch( );
}
int check( )
{
int n;
printf(“Enter a number”);
scanf(“%d”,&n);
if(n%2==0);
return(1);
else
return(0);
}

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