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Transportable Moisture Limit (TML)

The document discusses the Transportable Moisture Limit (TML) for bulk carriers transporting dry cargo like iron ore and nickel ore. During voyages, cargo can liquefy due to moisture content exceeding the TML if the cargo is loaded from stockpiles uncovered at mine sites with high rainfall. The International Maritime Solid Bulk Cargoes (IMSBC) Code requires shippers to provide documentation of cargo moisture content to ensure it is below the TML, which is determined using the flow table test, in order to safely load and transport bulk cargo.

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Lance L. Orlino
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150 views

Transportable Moisture Limit (TML)

The document discusses the Transportable Moisture Limit (TML) for bulk carriers transporting dry cargo like iron ore and nickel ore. During voyages, cargo can liquefy due to moisture content exceeding the TML if the cargo is loaded from stockpiles uncovered at mine sites with high rainfall. The International Maritime Solid Bulk Cargoes (IMSBC) Code requires shippers to provide documentation of cargo moisture content to ensure it is below the TML, which is determined using the flow table test, in order to safely load and transport bulk cargo.

Uploaded by

Lance L. Orlino
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Transportable Moisture Limit (TML)

• Bulk carriers are ship types designed to carry dry cargo in bulk form.
Especially concentrate cargoes, such as iron ore and nickel ore, affect
the ship’s stability negatively.
Transportable Moisture Limit (TML)
• During voyages; motion of the ships especially rolling , engine and
deck equipment vibration, causes cargo liquefaction due to the
moisture content of the cargo.

• Liquefaction is the process of converting a substance from its solid


gas state into liquid state.
Transportable Moisture Limit (TML)
Transportable Moisture Limit (TML)

• If the cargo is loaded and the moisture content is in excess of its


transportable moisture limit, the cargo reaches its flow moisture
point and turns into a fluid state.
Transportable Moisture Limit (TML)
Transportable Moisture Limit (TML)
• Main reasons for cargo liquefaction starts with most mine locations
being very far from the loading/port facilities.

• Cargo is stockpiled uncovered on the beach, rain and monsoon


conditions cause the moisture levels in the cargo to increase but this
cannot be visibly seen.
Transportable Moisture Limit (TML)
Transportable Moisture Limit (TML)
Transportable Moisture Limit (TML)
• According to IMSBC Code, Regulation 4:

• Shipper has to provide the master, on his representative, with appropriate


information about the cargo.

• This information should be presented to the Master prior to loading and


confirmed by officially prepared documents
Transportable Moisture Limit (TML)
• IMSBC Code: Group A or Cargoes that may liquefy (i.e. Nickel Ore)

• The cargo is considered safe to load when moisture content is below


TML.

• A TML of <35 % is considered safe for Nickel Ore in Bulk.


Transportable Moisture Limit (TML)

• TML of a cargo which is considered safe for carriage in


ships and is determined by the test procedures,
approved by a competent authority.

• TMC use the Flow Table test in determining TML.


Transportable Moisture Limit (TML)
FLOW TABLE TEST

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