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Chemical Formulas - Students

This document discusses writing and naming chemical formulas. It covers predicting formulas based on valence electrons and oxidation numbers, naming common ionic and molecular compounds including polyatomic ions. It also discusses interpreting chemical formulas, monatomic ions, oxidation numbers, older naming systems, polyatomic ions, writing molecular formulas, and empirical formulas. Students are instructed to memorize lists of common polyatomic ions and oxidation numbers through flashcards and practice problems.

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Rb Agsalud
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34 views14 pages

Chemical Formulas - Students

This document discusses writing and naming chemical formulas. It covers predicting formulas based on valence electrons and oxidation numbers, naming common ionic and molecular compounds including polyatomic ions. It also discusses interpreting chemical formulas, monatomic ions, oxidation numbers, older naming systems, polyatomic ions, writing molecular formulas, and empirical formulas. Students are instructed to memorize lists of common polyatomic ions and oxidation numbers through flashcards and practice problems.

Uploaded by

Rb Agsalud
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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WRITING AND NAMING

CHEMICAL FORMULAS
STANDARDS
• Predict chemical formulas based on the
number of valence electrons and oxidation
numbers
• Name and write the chemical formulas for
simple ionic and molecular compounds,
including common polyatomic ions.
(standard list of common polyatomic ions
need to be memorized)
Chemical formula
• Combination of symbols that represent the
composition of a compound.
• Formula represents
– elements involved
– ratio of those elements
Structural formula
• Shows how atoms are joined
• Shows kind of atoms and the number of
atoms
• used primarily with organic compounds
• example
Interpreting chemical formulas
• practice
Monatomic ions
• Ions formed from a single atom
• Ion – charged atom
– Anion – negative ion
– Cation – positive ion
• oxidation number
– Indicates the general distribution of electrons
among the bonded atoms
Oxidation numbers
• periodic table
• handout - memorize
• roman numeral
– Stock system of nomenclature is used to
distinguish the ion charge
– Ex. Iron can be +2 or +3
• Silver – transition metal but has only +1 –
can be named w/o roman number
Older naming system

• Older naming system –


– when metal forms has more than 1 common oxidation number,

• The ion with the higher charge has a name ending in ic


• The one with the lower charge has a name ending in ous

• Ex – Fe+3 – ferric

• Fe+2 – ferrous
Polyatomic ions
• A charged group of covalent covalently
bonded atoms
• Handout
– Make flash cards
Writing chemical formulas
Naming chemical formulas
• Handout - memorize
• chart
• transition elements
Molecular formula
• Formulas for compounds that exist as
molecules
Empirical formula
• The simplest formula
• used to help identify unknown substances
• Molecular formula of a compound is always
written as some whole-number multiple of
the empirical formula
• ionic compounds - always written as
empirical formula
Writing empirical formula
• Practice problems

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