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Computer Architecture and Organization 8th Edition

This document summarizes key concepts from Chapter 1 of William Stallings' Computer Organization and Architecture 8th Edition textbook. It defines architecture as the attributes visible to a programmer, such as instruction sets, while organization refers to how features are implemented internally. It notes that while architecture defines compatibility, organization can differ between versions of systems. The document outlines the structure and functions of computers and provides a high-level overview of the book's chapters.

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Sana Haq
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674 views

Computer Architecture and Organization 8th Edition

This document summarizes key concepts from Chapter 1 of William Stallings' Computer Organization and Architecture 8th Edition textbook. It defines architecture as the attributes visible to a programmer, such as instruction sets, while organization refers to how features are implemented internally. It notes that while architecture defines compatibility, organization can differ between versions of systems. The document outlines the structure and functions of computers and provides a high-level overview of the book's chapters.

Uploaded by

Sana Haq
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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William Stallings

Computer
Organization
and Architecture
8 Edition
th
Chapter 1
Introduction
Architecture & Organization 1

 Architecture is those attributes visible to the


programmer
 Instruction set, number of bits used for data
representation, I/O mechanisms, addressing techniques.
 e.g. Is there a multiply instruction?
 Organization is how features are implemented
 Control signals, interfaces, memory technology.
 e.g. Is there a hardware multiply unit or is it done by
repeated addition?
Architecture & Organization 2

 All Intel x86 family share the same basic architecture


 The IBM System/370 family share the same basic
architecture

 This gives code compatibility


 At least backwards
 Organization differs between different versions
Structure & Function

 Structure is the way in which components relate to each


other
 Function is the operation of individual components as
part of the structure
Function

 All computer functions are:


 Data processing
 Data storage
 Data movement
 Control
Functional View
Operations (a) Data
movement
Operations (b) Storage
Operation (c) Processing
from/to storage
Operation (d)
Processing from storage to I/O
Structure - Top Level

Peripherals Computer

Central Main
Processing Memory
Unit

Computer
Systems
Interconnection

Input
Output
Communication
lines
Structure - The CPU

CPU

Computer Arithmetic
Registers and
I/O Login Unit
System CPU
Bus
Internal CPU
Memory Interconnection

Control
Unit
Structure - The Control Unit

Control Unit

CPU
Sequencing
ALU Login
Control
Internal
Unit
Bus
Control Unit
Registers Registers and
Decoders

Control
Memory
Outline of the Book (1)

 Computer Evolution and Performance


 Computer Interconnection Structures
 Internal Memory
 External Memory
 Input/Output
 Operating Systems Support
 Computer Arithmetic
 Instruction Sets
Outline of the Book (2)

 CPU Structure and Function


 Reduced Instruction Set Computers
 Superscalar Processors
 Control Unit Operation
 Microprogrammed Control
 Multiprocessors and Vector Processing
 Digital Logic (Appendix)
Internet Resources
- Web site for book
 http://WilliamStallings.com/COA/COA7e.html
 links to sites of interest
 links to sites for courses that use the book
 errata list for book
 information on other books by W. Stallings
 http://WilliamStallings.com/StudentSupport.html
 Math
 How-to
 Research resources
 Misc
Internet Resources
- Web sites to look for
 WWW Computer Architecture Home Page
 CPU Info Center
 Processor Emporium
 ACM Special Interest Group on Computer Architecture
 IEEE Technical Committee on Computer Architecture
 Intel Technology Journal
 Manufacturer’s sites
 Intel, IBM, etc.
Internet Resources
- Usenet News Groups
 comp.arch
 comp.arch.arithmetic
 comp.arch.storage
 comp.parallel

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