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Chain Surveying Notes PPT Download

Chain surveying involves measuring distances in the field using a chain and tape. A triangle is formed using main chain lines, and tie lines are extended within the triangle to subdivide the area. Distances are measured along chain lines, and offsets are taken perpendicular to objects located between chain lines. The accuracy of the survey can be checked by comparing measured and plotted lengths of tie lines.

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Kreesthu Reddy
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576 views13 pages

Chain Surveying Notes PPT Download

Chain surveying involves measuring distances in the field using a chain and tape. A triangle is formed using main chain lines, and tie lines are extended within the triangle to subdivide the area. Distances are measured along chain lines, and offsets are taken perpendicular to objects located between chain lines. The accuracy of the survey can be checked by comparing measured and plotted lengths of tie lines.

Uploaded by

Kreesthu Reddy
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Chain surveying Notes

Examine the following statements very carefully


and identify whether they are true or false

(a) Chain survey is a type of survey in which the survey is done


with the help of a chain and tape only.
b)Chain lines can be measured with the help of a chain only.
c) Tie lines are generally extended outside the main triangle.
d)In an optical square the mirrors are placed at an angle of 60°
to each other.
e) Right angles can also be set with the help of a chain and a
tape.
F)The space between two parallel lines in the field
book has no existence in the field.
g) Check lines are also tie lines.
h) Chain surveying is suitable for crowded cities
i) Gunter chain is most suitable for measuring
areas
j) A chain survey is a class of survey in which a
triangle is formed in the field whose sides are
used as reference lines
k)In Chain Survey angles are measured with
considerable accuracy
L) The station are the points from which measurements
are taken up to any object in the field
m) If the triangle is too big then it may be necessary to
run few more straight lines within the triangle
n) It is not necessary for the tie Lines to touch any
other tie line or main line
o) The main lines and the tie lines have common name
known as chain lines
P) The offsets are also chain line measured up to
different objects in the field
q) Comparing the plotted length of the tie lines on the
map with the measured length in the field the accuracy
of the survey may be determined
r) The start with as big a triangle as possible is formed
and subsequently the area inside is subdivided by tie
lines
s) Chain is used for measuring the chain lines and tape
is used for measuring the offsets
t) The offsets should not be more than
the full length of the tape measuring
them
u) The ranging rods which are painted in
red and white are used for fixing stations
also
v) Arrows are used for aligning chain lines
Some questions about Chain surveying or
chain surveying Notes
• What is a ranging rod?
• Why it is painted in different colors?
• What is an optical square?
• Explain its working principle with neat sketch.
• What are the sources of error in an optical square?
• How can you detect them?
• Discuss the procedures of chaining when it is obstructed by a
bend of a canal, a building, a pond and a bush. Show with
sketches.
• What is reconnaissance survey?
• Why a sketch map of the plot to be surveyed is prepared?
• Write notes on : (a) Offset (b) Field Book (c) Cross-staff (d)
Reciprocal Ranging (e) Stepping Method of Chaining (f) Well-
conditioned Triangle (g) Sag Correction
Some mathematical problems about Chain
surveying or chain surveying Notes for practice
• The true length of a line was known to be 1500 ft. The line was
measured with a 100 ft. tape and found to 1505 ft. Calculate the
correct length of the tape. Ans: 99.66 ft
• The distance between b two sub-stations was found to be 5305 ft.
when measured by an engineers chain and 7946 links by Gunter's
chain. Both the chains were incorrect. What correction is needed in
the Engineers' chain if the Gunter's chain is 0.4 link too long Ans:
0.748 too short
• A draftsman measured a line on a map prepared by cbain survey by 1
inch= 80 ft. scale and found it to be 3200 ft. long on the ground. Later
he discovered that he made a mistake and me scale was 1 inch=60 ft,
Find the correct distance in his calculation. Ans: 2400.0 ft
• On a map covering an area of 2.5 sq. miles, the scale is by mistake
recorded to be 12 inch=1 mile with the result that the area comes to
be 4.sq. miles and 2844 sq. chains. Determine the correct scale of the
map. Ans: 16 inches=1 mile
• A 103 ft. tape 13 suspended between its ends under a pull of 20 lbs.
The wt. of the tape is 1.5 lbs. Calculate thds connected length cf the
tape between its ends. Ans: 99.976 ft
• A survey was commenced at 7:30 A.m. when the temperature was
65°F with a 100 ft steel tape which was correct. After chaining a
distance of 12650 ft. the work was suspended at 1:30 P.M. when the
temperature was 102°F. Find the correct distance. Take the coefficient
of expansion of steel =6.25 x 10-6" per deg. °F. Ans:12,652.92 ft. 16.
• A line was measured with a 20 m chain and found to be 98.4 m long.
The chain was subsequently found to be 0.02 m too short. What was
the correct measurement of the line ? Ans: 98.3 m
• Chaining along a slope the first 30 ft. were on a slope of 8° and the
next 20 ft were on a slope of 5° What is the true horizontal distance ?
Ans: 49.633 ft
• A chain line terminates at an inaccessible point D. Chaining is
continued up to point B and a perpendicular BC is laid out 20 ft. in
length. At C a right angle DCA is erected; A being on the chain Line. BA
is measured and found to bo 8.62 ft. What is the distance from B to
the inaccessible point D? Ans:46.4 ft.
Thank you
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