UIE

Academic Unit-1 & 4

Bachelor of Engineering (CSE, IT, CSE-IBM, EE, ECE)
Engineering Graphics using CAD Lab.
MEP-117

INTRODUCTION OF ENGINEERING DISCOVER . LEARN . EMPOWER

DRAWING 1
 INTRODUCTION OF
ENGINEERING
DRAWING
Course Outcome Will be covered in this
CO Title Level lecture
Number

CO1 To make the students thorough in understanding and Remember

using the various concepts, elements and grammar of &
engineering graphics. Understand
CO2 Enhancing imagination, visualization, presentation and Understand
interpretation skills.
CO3 To understand engineering drawing as a formal and Understand
precise way of communicating information about the
shape, size, feature and precision of physical objects.
CO4 To accurately and unambiguously capture all the Understand
geometric features of a product or a component.
CO5 Understand 2
The conversion of 2D drawings into 3D and vice versa.
COURSE OBJECTIVES
Students may be able to
• Understand the basic fundamentals of
Engineering Drawing
• Apply the various types of lines
• Dimension the figures applying various
concepts of dimensioning
• Learn the basic concepts of Scales

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 Scope of Engineering Drawing

• Engineering drawing/graphics helps to draw what is seen or perceived by the eyes.

• Engineering drawing/graphics is a means of communication between a designer and a producer.
• In different fields: Aeronautical, Agriculture, Aerospace, Architecture, Computer science, Civil engineering Mechanical, Petroleum,
Electronics, Electrical Engineering

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 Importance of Engineering Drawing
• Efficient communication among engineers to convey their ideas and thoughts.
• A picture speaks thousands of words. As message conveyed by picture/ sketch/sign is much more effective than a message conveyed
by words.
• Engineering drawings/graphics give a better understanding of what is needed and required in the project.

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 Drawing Instruments
• Drawing board/table.

• Drawing sheet/paper.

• Drafting tape.

• Pencils.

• Eraser.

• Sharpener.

• T-square.

• Set-squares/triangles.

• Scales.

• Compass and divider.

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 Orientation of Drawing Sheet
1. Type X (A0~A4) 2. Type Y (A4 only)

c
d
d c Drawing
Drawing space
space Title block
Title block
c

Sheet size c (min) d (min)

A4 10 25
A3 10 25
A2 10 25
A1 20 25
A0 20 25
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 Drawing Sheet Sizes
• A4 210 x 297 A4
• A3 297 x 420
• A2 420 x 594
• A1 594 x 841
A3
• A0 841 x 1189

A2

A1

A0

Animation Source: www.slideshare.net 8

 Types of Lines

Image Source: Textbook of Engineering Drawing by J.S. Layal

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 Line Conventions
• Visible Lines – solid thick lines that represent visible edges or contours
• Hidden Lines – short evenly spaced dashes that depict hidden features
• Section Lines – solid thin lines that indicate cut surfaces
• Center Lines – alternating long and short dashes
• Dimensioning
• Dimension Lines - solid thin lines showing dimension extent/direction
• Extension Lines - solid thin lines showing point or line to which dimension applies
• Leaders – direct notes, dimensions, symbols, part numbers, etc. to features on drawing
• Cutting-Plane and Viewing-Plane Lines – indicate location of cutting planes for sectional views and the viewing position for removed
partial views
• Break Lines – indicate only portion of object is drawn. May be random “squiggled” line or thin dashes joined by zigzags.
• Phantom Lines – long thin dashes separated by pairs of short dashes indicate alternate positions of moving parts, adjacent position of
related parts and repeated detail
• Chain Line – Lines or surfaces with special requirements

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 Material Conventions

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Image Source: Textbook of Engineering Drawing by J.S. Layal
 Material Conventions

Image Source: Textbook of Engineering Drawing by J.S. Layal

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 Example of Types of Lines

Image Source: Textbook of Engineering Drawing by P.S. Gill 13

 Dimensioning Guidelines
• Dimensions define the size of a feature or its location relative to other features or a frame of reference, called a datum.

• The basic rules of dimensioning are:

1. Dimension where the feature contour is shown
2. Place dimensions between the views
3. Dimension off the views
4. Dimension mating features for assembly
5. Do not dimension to hidden lines
6. Stagger dimensioning values
7. Create a logical arrangement of dimensions
8. Consider fabrication processes and capabilities
9. Consider inspection processes and capabilities

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 Units of Measurement
• Length
• English - Inches, unless otherwise stated
• Up to 72 inches – feet and inches over
• SI – millimeter, mm
• Angle
• degrees, minutes, seconds

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 Systems of Dimensioning

Aligned System of Dimensioning

Unidirectional System of Dimensioning 16

Image Source: Textbook of Engineering Drawing by J.S. Layal
 Types of Dimensioning

Chain Dimensioning

Combined Dimensioning

Parallel Dimensioning
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Image Source: Textbook of Engineering Drawing by J.S. Layal
 Types of Dimensioning

Radius of Circle Diameter of Circle

Image Source: Self-Made 18

 Scales
• Dimensions of large objects must be reduced to accommodate on standard size drawing sheet
• This reduction creates a scale of that reduction ratio, which is generally a fraction.
• That ratio is called REPRESENTATIVE FRACTION
• Reducing scale is represented by 1:X; X is reducing factor
• Full scale is represented by 1:1
• Enlarging scale is represented by X:1; X is enlarging factor

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 Scales
• Representative Fraction (R.F)
= Length of object on drawing/Actual Length of the object
• Length Of Scale = R.F. X Max. Length To Be Measured

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 Computer Aided Drafting/Drawing
• The drawings are usually made with the help of commercial software such as AutoCAD, solid works etc.

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 AutoCAD Interface

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Image Source: Self-Made
 AutoCAD Draw Commands Toolbar

Image Source: Self-Made 23

Modify and Dimensioning Commands Toolbars

Dimensioning Toolbar

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Modify Toolbar Image Source: Self-Made
 Layout View

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Image Source: Self-Made
 Plotting of Sheet

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Image Source: Self-Made
 Assessment Pattern
S.NO. ELEMENTS MARKS

1 MST-1 36

2 MST-2 36

3 ASSIGNMENT (1+2+3) 12

4 SURPRISE TEST 09

5 TUTORIAL TEST 09

6 QUIZ 12

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 Applications

• Scales are used for construction of roads and buildings to reduce and enlarge dimensions.
• Representation of materials are used for building drawings.
• Conventions of lines are used in machine drawing to represent various parts of machines.

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 Recommended Books

• Rhodes R.S, Cook L.B; Basic Engineering Drawing, Pitman Publishers,

• Rana and Shah; Engineering Drawing, Pearson Education India Publishers.
• Jolhe D.A; Engineering Drawing: With an Introduction to AutoCAD, Tata McGraw Hill
• Gill P.S; Engineering Drawing, S.K. Kataria and Sons Publications.
• Dhawan R. K; Engineering Drawing, S. Chand and Sons Publishers.

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 References

• Gill P.S; Engineering Drawing ,5th Edition, S.K. Kataria and Sons Publications, 2011.
• Aggarwal B; Engineering Drawing, 1st Edition, Tata McGraw Hill Publications,2008.
• Dhawan R. K; Engineering Drawing, 7th Edition ,S. Chand and Sons Publishers.
• BhattN.D; Engineering Drawing,50th Edition, Charotar Publication,2011.
• Layal J.S.; Engineering Drawing, Eagle Publications.
• https://www.slideshare.net/shameem.mist/engineering-drawing

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 THANK YOU

For queries
Email: [email protected]

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