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11.3 Multiplying and Dividing Rational Expressions

The document covers rational expressions, including defining them as ratios of polynomials. It provides examples of simplifying rational expressions by dividing the same terms from the numerator and denominator. It also discusses excluded values that would make the denominator equal to zero. The document then discusses multiplying

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Salgie Masculino
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91 views

11.3 Multiplying and Dividing Rational Expressions

The document covers rational expressions, including defining them as ratios of polynomials. It provides examples of simplifying rational expressions by dividing the same terms from the numerator and denominator. It also discusses excluded values that would make the denominator equal to zero. The document then discusses multiplying

Uploaded by

Salgie Masculino
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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9.

1 Multiplying and Dividing


Rational Expressions
Complex fractions
Definition of a Rational Expression
In mathematics, a rational function is any
function which can be written as the ratio
of two polynomial functions.
Since they are fractions
Simplify a Rational Expression.
3 y y  7

 y  7 y  9
2

Divide the same expression from numerator
and denominator
Since they are fractions
Simplify a Rational Expression.
3 y y  7

 y  7 y  9
2

Divide the same expression from numerator
and denominator
3 y y  7 3y
 2
 
 y  7 y  9 y  9
2
Since they are fractions
There are numbers that will not work in the
Rational expression.

3 y y  7 3y
 2
 
 y  7 y  9 y  9
2

They are -7, 3 and -3. Why?


Since they are fractions
Factor out the denominator.

3 y y  7
 y  7 y  3 y  3
Can you see why -7, 3 and -3 do not work
as answers?
Since they are fractions
Factor out the denominator.
3 y y  7
 y  7 y  3 y  3
-7, 3 and -3 do not work as answers
because they make the denominator zero.

They are called Excluded Values.


Simplify
Assume the denominator cannot equal zero.

a b  2a
4 4

2a  a b
3 3
Simplify
Assume the denominator cannot equal zero.

a b  2a
4
a b  2
4 4

2a  a b a 2  b
3 3 3

Factor out a negative one to move things


around
Simplify
Assume the denominator cannot equal zero.
a b  2a
4
a b  2
4 4
 3
2a  a b a 2  b 
3 3

 a 2  b 
4

a 2  b 
3
Simplify
Assume the denominator cannot equal zero.
a b  2a
4
a b  2
4 4
 3
2a  a b a 2  b 
3 3

 a 2  b   a
4 4
 3  a
a 2  b 
3
a
Multiply the fractions
Reduce to simplest form

12 5

7 3
Multiply the fractions
Reduce to simplest form.
Multiply straight across

12 5 60
 
7 3 21
Multiply the fractions
Reduce to simplest form

12 5 60 3 20
   
7 3 21 3 7
Multiply the fractions
Reduce to simplest form.
12 5 60 3 20
   
7 3 21 3 7
What happened here
4 5 20
 
7 1 7
Multiply the fractions
Reduce before multiply.
2
8x 7 y
3
 3
21 y 16 x
Multiply the fractions
Reduce before multiply.
2
8x 7 y
3
 3
21 y 16 x

1 1 1
 2  2
3y 2x 6x y
Multiply the fractions
Reduce before multiply.
4 2
5a c 24bc
 3 2
12b 15a b
Multiply the fractions
Reduce before multiply.
4 2
5a c 24bc
 3 2
12b 15a b

2 3
ac 2c 2ac
 2  2
1 3b 3b
Multiply the fractions
Reduce before multiply.

k 3 1 k 2
 2
k  1 k  4k  3
Multiply the fractions
Reduce before multiply.
k 3 1 k 2
 2
k  1 k  4k  3

k  3   k 2  1
k  1 k  3k  1
Multiply the fractions
Reduce before multiply.
k 3 1 k 2
 2
k  1 k  4k  3

k  3   k 2  1
k  1 k  3k  1

k  3   1k  1k  1  1   1  1
k  1 k  3k  1 1 1
What is the difference of Division
and Multiply of fractions?
Do you remember?

2 3

7 4
What is the difference of Division
and Multiply of fractions?
When dividing you multiply by the inverse of
the second fraction.
2 3

7 4

2 4 8
 
7 3 21
Divide the Rational Expressions
You can only Reduce when Multiplying
2
10 px 5 px
2
 2 2
3c d 6c d
Divide the Rational Expressions
You can only Reduce when Multiplying
2
10 px 5 px
2
 2 2
3c d 6c d

2 2 2
10 px 6c d 2 x 2d
2
    4dx
3c d 5 px 1 1
Definition of Complex fraction
A fraction with fractions in the numerator or
denominator.
1
3
5
7
How to simplify a Complex fraction
Remember fractions are division statements.

1
3 15 17  7
5 3 7 3 5 15
7
Simplify the Complex fraction
Remember fractions are division statements.

 2
x 
 2 2 

 9x  4 y 
 x 3

 
 2 y  3x 
Simplify the Complex fraction
Remember fractions are division statements.

 2
x 
 2 2 

 9x  4 y  
2 3
x x

 x3  9x  4 y
2 2
2 y  3x
 
 2 y  3x 
Simplify the Complex fraction

x2 3
x x 2
2 y  3x
  2 
9x  4 y
2 2
2 y  3x 9x  4 y 2
x 3
Simplify the Complex fraction

x2
x 3
x 2
2 y  3x
  2 
9x  4 y
2 2
2 y  3x 9x  4 y 2
x 3

x 2
 13x  2 y 

3x  2 y 3x  2 y  x 3
Simplify the Complex fraction
x2
x3
x 2
2 y  3x
  2 
9x  4 y
2 2
2 y  3x 9x  4 y 2
x 3

x 2
 13x  2 y 

3x  2 y 3x  2 y  x 3

1 1 1
 
3x  2 y  x x3x  2 y 
Homework
Page 476 – 477
# 15,19, 23,
27, 31, 35,
37, 41
Homework
Page 476 – 477
# 16,20, 24,
28, 32, 36,
38, 40

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