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Optoelectronics

The study and application of electronic devices and systems that source, detect and control light, usually considered a sub-field of photonics.

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Christian Dave Tamparong
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100 views

Optoelectronics

The study and application of electronic devices and systems that source, detect and control light, usually considered a sub-field of photonics.

Uploaded by

Christian Dave Tamparong
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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OPTOELECTRONICS

Definition
Definition
• is the study of is the study and application
of electronics devices and systems that source, detect and
control light, usually considered a sub-field of photonics.
• Optoelectronic devices are electrical-to-optical or optical-to-
electrical transducers, or instruments that use such devices in
their operation
Optoelectronics Devices
• LEDs
• Photodiodes
• Photoresistors
• Photovoltaic Devices
• Laser
• Opto-Isolators
LED (Light Emitting Diode)
• is a semiconductor diode that emits incoherent
narrow-spectrum light when electrically biased in the
forward direction of the p-n junction.
• Light-emitting diode (LED)
is a semiconductor diode
that emits incoherent light
over relatively wide
spectral range when
electrically biased in the
forward direction of the p-
n junction.
How can diode produce light?
• Light is a form of energy that can be released
by an atom. It is made up of many small
particle-like packets that have energy and
momentum but no mass. These particles,
called photons, are the most basic units of
light.
• Photons are released as a result of moving
electrons. In an atom, electrons move in
orbitals around the nucleus. Electrons in
different orbitals have different amounts of
energy. Generally speaking, electrons with
greater energy move in orbitals farther away
from the nucleus
Photon Emission in Semiconductor
Semiconductor Materials vs. LED Color
Photodiodes
• is a two-terminal junction device which is operated by
first reverse-biasing the junction and then illuminating it.
A reverse-biased P-N junction has a small amount of
reverse saturation current Is (or I0) due to thermally-
generated electron-hole pairs.
• A photodiode is a semiconductor diode that functions as
a photodetector. It is a p-n junction or p-i-n structure.
When a photon of sufficient energy strikes the diode, it
excites an electron thereby creating a mobile electron
and a positively charged electron hole
Photodiodes
Photoresistors
• A photoresistor (or light-dependent resistor, LDR, or photo-
conductive cell) is a light-controlled variable resistor.
The resistance of a photoresistor decreases with increasing
incident light intensity; in other words, it
exhibits photoconductivity. A photoresistor can be applied in
light-sensitive detector circuits, and light-activated and dark-
activated switching circuits.
Photoresistors
Photovoltaic Device
• Is a device which covers the conversion of light into
electricity using semiconducting materials that
exhibit the photovoltaic effect.
Photovoltaic Device
• Solar Panels
Laser
• LASER
(Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission Radiation)
• a device that emits light through a process of optical
amplification based on the stimulated emission of
electromagnetic radiation.
Laser light is very different from normal light. Laser light has the following
properties:
• The light released is monochromatic. It contains one specific wavelength of
light (one specific color). The wavelength of light is determined by the
amount of energy released when the electron drops to a lower orbit.
• The light released is coherent. It is “organized” -- each photon moves in step
with the others. This means that all of the photons have wave fronts that
launch in unison.
• The light is very directional. A laser light has a very tight beam and is very
strong and concentrated. A flashlight, on the other hand, releases light in
many directions, and the light is very weak and diffuse
Laser
Laser
• Fiber Optics
Opto-Isolators
• an opto-isolator, also called an optocoupler,
photocoupler, or optical isolator, is a component that
transfers electrical signals between two isolated
circuits by using light. Opto-isolators prevent high
voltages from affecting the system receiving the
signal.
Opto-Isolators

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