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L1 Skills in CHS

The document discusses the key hardware components of a computer system. It identifies 10 major hardware components: 1) System Unit, 2) Motherboard, 3) CPU, 4) Primary Storage (RAM and ROM), 5) Expansion Bus, 6) Adapters, 7) Power Supply Unit, 8) Hard Disk Drive, 9) Optical Drive, and 10) Connectors. It provides pictures and descriptions of each component and their functions. Two quizzes at the end test the reader's ability to identify these hardware parts.

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Roxan Aban
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98 views23 pages

L1 Skills in CHS

The document discusses the key hardware components of a computer system. It identifies 10 major hardware components: 1) System Unit, 2) Motherboard, 3) CPU, 4) Primary Storage (RAM and ROM), 5) Expansion Bus, 6) Adapters, 7) Power Supply Unit, 8) Hard Disk Drive, 9) Optical Drive, and 10) Connectors. It provides pictures and descriptions of each component and their functions. Two quizzes at the end test the reader's ability to identify these hardware parts.

Uploaded by

Roxan Aban
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Exer I: Match the following hardware parts of a system unit.

1. RAM
2. Expansion Bus C.
3. Adapter A. B. F.
4. DVD ROM
5. Power Supply
6. Hard Disk Drive
7. CD ROM D.
8. Motherboard E.
G
9. CPU
10. System unit

I.
H. J.
Exer II: Name the following.
Figure 1. Tower Type System Unit
Understanding the Computer System

Three Components of a computer system.


hardware, software and peopleware.
Each component plays an important role, without each other computer systems
will not work properly.

1.1 Hardware- the physical, touchable, electronic and mechanical parts of a


computer system.

A. Major hardware components of a computer system


The following list represents a basic set of hardware found in most PCs.
1. System Unit- The main part of a microcomputer, sometimes called the
chassis. It includes the following parts: Motherboard, Microprocessor,
Memory Chips, Buses, Ports, Expansion Slots and Cards.
2. Motherboard / Mainboard / System Board- The main circuit board of a
computer. It contains all the circuits and components that run the computer.

Figure 2. Motherboard
Parts of the
Motherboard
Parts of the
Motherboard
3. CPU (Central Processing Unit) - The processor is the main “brain” or
“heart” of a computer system. It performs all of the instructions and calculations
that are needed and manages the flow of information through a computer

Figure 3. Examples of CPU (Intel Core 2 Duo and AMD Athlon)


4. Primary storage- (internal storage, main memory or memory) is the
computer's working storage space that holds data, instructions for processing
and processed data (information) waiting to be sent to secondary storage.
Physically, primary storage is a collection of RAM chips.

Two (2) Types of Memory


ROM – (Read Only Memory) ROM is non-volatile, meaning it holds data even
when the power is ON or OFF.

RAM – (Random Access Memory) RAM is volatile, meaning it holds data only
when the power is on. When the power is off, RAM's contents are lost.
Figure 4. RAM and ROM
5. Expansion Bus - A bus is a data pathway between several hardware
components inside or outside a computer. It does not only connect the parts of
the CPU to each other, but also links the CPU with other important hardware.

Figure 5. Expansion Bus


6. Adapters- Printed-circuit boards (also called interface cards) that enable the
computer to use a peripheral device for which it does not have the necessary
connections or circuit boards. They are often used to permit upgrading to a new
different hardware.

Figure 6. Adapter (Network


Adapter)
7. Power Supply Unit (PSU) - Installed in the back corner of the PC case, next
to the motherboard. It converts 120vac (standard house power) into DC
voltages that are used by other components in the PC.

Figure 7. Power supply


8. Hard Disk Drive (HDD) - Also known as hard drive, is a magnetic storage
device that is installed inside the computer. The hard drive is used as
permanent storage for data. In a Windows computer, the hard drive is usually
configured as the C: drive and contains the operating system and applications.

Figure 8. Hard Disk


Drive(HDD)
9. Optical Drive- An optical drive is a storage device that uses lasers to read
data on the optical media. There are three types of optical drives: Compact
Disc (CD), Digital Versatile Disc (DVD) and Blu-ray Disc (BD).

Figure 9. CD ROM
10. Connectors
a.) Motherboard connector - connects the power supply to a particular motherboard.
ATX motherboards are attached with 20 or 24 pin connectors.

b.) CPU connector - used to connect power supplies to motherboards with on board
computer processing units (CPUs). These are either 4 ("P4") or 8 pin connectors.

c.) Molex connector - the IDE connector that connects to hard drives and CD ROM
drives. Most computer power supplies include at least one of these connectors.

d.) Floppy connector - 4 pin connector used to supply power to floppy drives, card
reader drives, and other similar devices.

e.) SATA connector - connectors for devices using serial advanced technology
attachment (SATA) interfaces, such as hard drives.

f.) PCI express connector - used to connect to PCI express video cards, which receive
power directly from the power supply rather than from the motherboard.
Integrated Drive
Electronics
(IDE) interface — also
known as AT
Attachment (ATA)
Serial ATA (SATA)
Quiz _____: Identify the Hardware parts of a system unit.
1. The parts of the system unit designed to optically access data stored on a
DVD. A laser moves back and forth near the disk surface and accesses data at
a very fast rate.?
2. This is a magnetic storage device that is installed inside the computer.
3. This hardware part is installed in the back corner of the PC case, next to the
motherboard. It converts 120vac (standard house power) into DC voltages that
are used by other components in the PC.
4. A data pathway between several hardware components inside or outside a
computer.
5. A printed-circuit boards (also called interface cards) that enable the computer
to use a peripheral device for which it does not have the necessary connections
or circuit boards.
6. What is the main circuit board of a computer, that contains all the circuits and
components that run the computer?
Quiz ______. Identify the Hardware parts of a system unit.
7. What is the main part of a microcomputer, sometimes called the chassis?
8. What is the computer's working storage space that holds data, instructions
for processing and processed data (information) waiting to be sent to secondary
storage?
9. What is ROM?
10. What is RAM?
Exer 2. Answer key

1.Digital Versatile Disc (DVD)


2.Hard Disk Drive (HDD)
3.Power Supply Unit (PSU)
4.Expansion Bus
5.Adapters
6.Motherboard / Mainboard / System Board
7.System Unit
8.Primary storage- (internal storage, main memory or memory)
9.READ ONLY MEMORY
10.RANDOM ACCESS MEMORY

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