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Ethical Issues in Human Genetic Engineering: Jan Kaizan Novis Pia Grace Manosa Adriane Forro Kristhom Magbanua

This document discusses several topics related to human genetic engineering including what genetic engineering is, potential benefits like gene therapy and pharmaceutical advancements, as well as negative effects and unknown outcomes. It also covers cloning, designer babies, and examples of genetic engineering applications. The key debates around human cloning are outlined, noting both pros like medical advances and cons such as a reduction in individuality. The concept of designer babies and genetic selection of traits is introduced along with an analysis of the ethical considerations on both sides.

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Jesena Salve
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115 views

Ethical Issues in Human Genetic Engineering: Jan Kaizan Novis Pia Grace Manosa Adriane Forro Kristhom Magbanua

This document discusses several topics related to human genetic engineering including what genetic engineering is, potential benefits like gene therapy and pharmaceutical advancements, as well as negative effects and unknown outcomes. It also covers cloning, designer babies, and examples of genetic engineering applications. The key debates around human cloning are outlined, noting both pros like medical advances and cons such as a reduction in individuality. The concept of designer babies and genetic selection of traits is introduced along with an analysis of the ethical considerations on both sides.

Uploaded by

Jesena Salve
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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ETHICAL ISSUES IN

HUMAN GENETIC
ENGINEERING
Jan kaizan Novis
Pia Grace Manosa
Adriane forro
Kristhom Magbanua
WHAT IS GENETIC ENGINEERING AND TRANSGENIC?

• Genetic engineering, uses a variety of tools and


techniques from biotechnology and bioengineering to
modify an organism’s genetic makeup. Transgenic refers
to those specific genetic engineering processes that
remove genetic material from one species of plant or
animal and add it to a different species. Due to the high
similarity in genetic sequences for proteins among
species, transgenic organisms are able to effectively
assimilate and express these trans-genes
WHAT ARE THE BENEFITS OF GENETIC
ENGINEERING?
• The most promising benefit of human genetic engineering is gene therapy.
Gene therapy is the medical treatment of a disease by repairing or replacing
defective genes or introducing therapeutic genes to fight the disease.
• Many pregnant women elect to have their fetuses screened for genetic
defects. with gene therapy, a fetus w/ a genetic defect could be treated and
even cured before it is born. There is also current research into gene therapy
for embryos before they are implanted into the mother through in-vitro
fertilization.
• Another benefit of genetic engineering is the creation pharmaceutical
products that are superior to their predecessors. These new pharmaceuticals
are created through cloning certain genes.
NEGATIVE EFFECTS
• Genetic engineering could also create unknown side
effects or outcomes. Certain changes in a plant or
animal could cause unpredicted allergic reactions in
some people which, in its original form, did not occur.
Other changes could make an organism toxic to
humans or other organisms.
CLONING
• Human cloning is the creation of a genetically identical copy
of a human. The term is generally used to refer to artificial
human cloning, which is the reproduction of human cells
and tissue. It does not refer to the natural conception and
delivery of identical twins. The possibility of human cloning
has raised controversies. These ethical concerns have
prompted several nations to pass laws regarding human
cloning and its legality.
• is the process of producing similar populations of genetically
identical individuals that occurs in nature when organisms
such as bacteria, insects or plants reproduce asexually.
PROS AND CONS
• It may provide individuals with the chance • Human cloning may cause people to age
to recover faster from traumatic injuries. faster because entropy may be inputted
into the life of a cell being cloned.
• Genes that are defective could be
eliminated, which may eliminate the • It would reduce the sense of individuality
genetic diseases that defective genes that is available in modern society now
may cause. because children would become exact
duplicates of a parent.
• Severe birth defects could be potentially
fixed before a child is born so they can • The science may make humans more of
live a long, fulfilling life. a commodity, which would place less
value on each human life.
• Specific disease treatment could be
developed to help fight off difficult • Human cloning may create new diseases
viruses, like HIV or HPV. that don’t currently exist.
DESIGNER BABY
• is a baby genetically engineered in vitro for specially selected
traits, which can vary from lowered disease-risk to gender
selection. Before the advent of genetic engineering and in vitro
fertilization (IVF), designer babies were primarily a science
fiction concept.
• refers to children that have been genetically engineered in the
womb to have certain desired qualities. During a pre-
implantation genetic diagnosis or embryo screening, a scientist
would be able to tell what physical characteristics a child will
grow to have; as well as whether or not this child is at risk of
developing or will develop genetic disorders such as autism,
down syndrome, Huntington’s disease, Alzheimer’s and many
other disorders such as these.
PROS AND CONS
• Reduces risk of genetic diseases • Termination of embryos
• Reduces risk of inherited medical • Could create a gap in society
conditions
• Possibility of damage to the gene pool
• Keep pace with others doing it
• Baby has no choice in the matter
• Better chance the child will succeed
in life • Genes often have more than one use
• Better understanding of genetics • Geneticists are not perfect
• Increased life span • Loss of Individuality
• Can give a child genes that the • Other children in family could be affected
parents do not carry by parent's decision
• Prevent next generation of family • Only the rich can afford it
from getting characteristics/diseases
GENETIC ENGINEERING EXAMPLES
• Glow-in-the-dark cats
• Pesticide
• Cows that pass less gas
• Plants that fight pollution
• Golden rice
• Environmentally friendly pigs
• Faster-growing trees
• Bigger, longer-lasting tomatoes
• Salmon that grow faster
• Insecticide corn
• The banana vaccine

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