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Presentation On Face Recognition Security System

The document discusses facial recognition security systems. It describes how facial recognition works by detecting nodal points on faces and creating unique face prints from images. The implementation process involves image acquisition, processing, locating distinguishing characteristics, template creation and template matching. Applications include access control, border security, and computer login. Advantages are convenience and low cost, while disadvantages include problems with variations in appearance over time.

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vivekanand kumar
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28 views

Presentation On Face Recognition Security System

The document discusses facial recognition security systems. It describes how facial recognition works by detecting nodal points on faces and creating unique face prints from images. The implementation process involves image acquisition, processing, locating distinguishing characteristics, template creation and template matching. Applications include access control, border security, and computer login. Advantages are convenience and low cost, while disadvantages include problems with variations in appearance over time.

Uploaded by

vivekanand kumar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Presentation

on
Face Recognition security system
Content
 Introduction
 Facial Recognition
 Implementation
 How it work
 Applications
 Advantages
 Disadvantages
 Conclusion
 References
Introduction
 In our daily life most of the things are increasingly
being handled electronically.
 The growth in electronic uses results in great demand
for fast and accurate user identification and
authentication.
 Access codes for buildings, banks accounts and
computer systems often use PIN's for identification
and security clearances.
 Using the proper PIN gains access, but the user of the
PIN is not verified. When credit and ATM cards are lost
or stolen, an unauthorized user can often come up
with the correct personal codes.
Facial Recognition ???
 It requires no physical interaction on behalf of the user.
 It is accurate and allows for high enrolment and
verification rates.
 It can use our existing hardware infrastructure, existing
cameras and image capture Devices will work with no
problems
In Facial recognition there are two types of comparisons:-
 VERIFICATION- The system compares the given individual
with who they say they are and gives a yes or no decision.
 IDENTIFICATION- The system compares the given
individual to all the Other individuals in the database and
gives a ranked list of matches.
 All identification or authentication technologies
operate using the following four stages:
 Capture: A physical or behavioral sample is captured
by the system during Enrollment and also in
identification or verification process.
 Extraction: unique data is extracted from the sample
and a template is created.
 Comparison: the template is then compared with a
new sample.
 Match/non-match: the system decides if the features
extracted from the new Samples are a match or a non
match.
Implementation
The implementation of face recognition
technology includes the following four stages:
• Image acquisition
• Image processing
• Distinctive characteristic location
• Template creation
• Template matching
Image acquisition
• Facial-scan technology can acquire faces from
almost any static camera or video system that
generates images of sufficient quality and
resolution.
• High-quality enrolment is essential to eventual
verification and identification enrolment
images define the facial characteristics to be
used in all future authentication events.
Image Processing
Images are cropped such that the ovoid facial
image remains, and colour images are normally
converted to black and white in order to facilitate
initial comparisons based on greyscale
characteristics.
 First the presence of faces or face in a scene
must be detected. Once the face is detected, it
must be localized and Normalization process may
be required to bring the dimensions of the live
facial sample in alignment with the one on the
template.
Distinctive characteristic location
 All facial-scan systems attempt to match visible facial
features in a fashion similar to the way people recognize
one another.
 The features most often utilized in facial-scan systems are
those least likely to change significantly over time: upper
ridges of the eye sockets, areas around the cheekbones,
sides of the mouth, nose shape, and the position of major
features relative to each other.
 Behavioural changes such as alteration of hairstyle, changes
in makeup, growing or shaving facial hair, adding or
removing eyeglasses are behaviours that impact the ability
of facial-scan systems to locate distinctive features, facial-
scan systems are not yet developed to the point where they
can overcome such variables.
Template creation
• Enrolment templates are normally created from a
multiplicity of processed facial images.
• These templates can vary in size from less than
100 bytes, generated through certain vendors
and to over 3K for templates.
• The 3K template is by far the largest among
technologies considered physiological biometrics.
• Larger templates are normally associated with
behavioural biometrics,
Template matching
• It compares match templates against enrolment
templates.
• A series of images is acquired and scored against the
enrolment, so that a user attempting 1:1 verification
within a facial-scan system may have 10 to 20 match
attempts take place within 1 to 2 seconds.
• facial-scan is not as effective as finger-scan or iris-scan
in identifying a single individual from a large database,
a number of potential matches are generally returned
after large-scale facial-scan identification searches.
How Facial Recognition System Works

 Facial recognition software is based on the ability


to first recognize faces, which is a technological
feat in itself. If we look at the mirror, we can see
that our face has certain distinguishable
landmarks. These are the peaks and valleys that
make up the different facial features.
 VISIONICS defines these landmarks as nodal
points. There are about 80 nodal points on a
human face.
few nodal points that are measured by the
software are-
1. distance between the eyes
2. width of the nose
3. depth of the eye socket
4. cheekbones
5. jaw line
6. chin
SOFTWARE
 Detection- when the system is attached to a video
surveillance system, the recognition software searches the
field of view of a video camera for faces. If there is a face in
the view, it is detected within a fraction of a second. A multi-
scale algorithm is used to search for faces in low resolution.
The system switches to a high-resolution search only after a
head-like shape is detected.
 Alignment- Once a face is detected, the system determines
the head's position, size and pose. A face needs to be turned
at least 35 degrees toward the camera for the system to
register it.
 Normalization-The image of the head is scaled and rotated so
that it can be registered and mapped into an appropriate size
and pose. Normalization is performed regardless of the
head's location and distance from the camera. Light does not
impact the normalization process.
 Representation-The system translates the facial data into a
unique code. This coding process allows for easier
comparison of the newly acquired facial data to stored
facial data.
 Matching- The newly acquired facial data is compared to
the stored data and (ideally) linked to at least one stored
facial representation.
The system maps the face and creates a face print, a
unique numerical code for that face. Once the system has
stored a face print, it can compare it to the thousands or
millions of face prints stored in a database.
Each face print is stored as an 84-byte file.
Applications
Replacement of PIN, physical tokens
No need of human assistance for
identification
Prison visitor systems
Border control
Voting system
Computer security
Banking using ATM
Physical access control of buildings ,areas etc.
Advantages
• Convenient, social acceptability
• Easy to use
• Inexpensive technique of identification
Disadvantage
• Problem with false rejection when people
change their hair style, grow or shave a beard
or wear glasses.
• Identical twins
Conclusion
• Factors such as environmental changes and
mild changes in appearance impact the
technology to a greater degree than many
expect.
• For implementations where the biometric
system must verify and identify users reliably
over time, facial scan can be a very difficult,
but not impossible, technology to implement
successfully.
References
• www.google.com
• www.wikipedia.com
Thank You…

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