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Divergence of A Vector Point Function

The document discusses the divergence of a vector point function F representing a physical quantity. The divergence (div F) is defined as the sum of the partial derivatives of the vector components with respect to x, y, and z. Physically, the divergence represents the net rate of flow of a quantity out of an infinitesimal volume around a point. A vector point function with zero divergence (div v = 0) represents a fluid that is incompressible. Two examples are provided to demonstrate calculating the divergence of vector point functions at specified points.

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Rakhi Khandelwal
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302 views

Divergence of A Vector Point Function

The document discusses the divergence of a vector point function F representing a physical quantity. The divergence (div F) is defined as the sum of the partial derivatives of the vector components with respect to x, y, and z. Physically, the divergence represents the net rate of flow of a quantity out of an infinitesimal volume around a point. A vector point function with zero divergence (div v = 0) represents a fluid that is incompressible. Two examples are provided to demonstrate calculating the divergence of vector point functions at specified points.

Uploaded by

Rakhi Khandelwal
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Divergence of a vector point function

The divergence of a continously diffrential vector point function


F = Fi
1 + F2 j + F3 k is denoted by div F and define by the equation

F1 F2 F3


divF = .F = + +
x y z

The divergence of a vector point function representing any physical


qantity given at each point the rate per unit volume at which the
physical quantity is issuing at that point
Physical meaning of the divergence

z
ABCD PQRS

Let the amount of the fluid passes through ABCD is F  x, y, z 


Let v = vxi + v y j + vz k be the velocity of fluid at any point X  x, y, z 

The amount of the fluid passes through ABCD is F  x  x, y, z 


change in amount of fluid = F  x  x, y, z  - F  x, y, z 
F  x, y, z 
= x
x
vx
=  x y z by taylar theorum
x
similarly for two other pair of faces
 vx vy vz 
finally =  x y z    
 x y z 
 vx vy vz 
the rate of loss of fluid per unit volume =    
 x y z 
   
=  i j  k  .  vx i  v y j  vz k 
 x y z 

=  . v = div v
If div v = 0 then v is called solonoidal vector point function
or the fluid is incompresable

Q1: If  = 3x yi - y xz j + xyk then find div  at point 1, 2, 1


2 3 2

   
Sol: div  = . =  i  
j  k  . 3x 2 yi  y 3 xz 2 j  xyk 
 x y z 

   
  3x 2 y  y 3 xz 2   xy  
=   
 x y z 
 
= 6 xy  3 y 2 xz 2

div at point 1,2,1 =12 - 12 = 0


Q2: If  = 3xyi - yxz j + zyk then find div 
2

   
Sol: div  = . =  i  
j  k  . 3xyi - yxz 2 j + zyk 
 x y z 

= 



   3xy   yxz 2   zy  

 x y z 
 
= 3y  xz 2 + y

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