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Visual Basic 6 Database Access

Visual Basic 6 allows accessing databases using two main data object libraries - DAO for Microsoft Access databases and ADO for a wider range of databases. The key objects in ADO are the Connection object for connecting to a data source, the Recordset object for holding query results, and the Command object for executing queries. Data can be accessed either through data controls or by writing code using these ADO objects.

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vtk7
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114 views

Visual Basic 6 Database Access

Visual Basic 6 allows accessing databases using two main data object libraries - DAO for Microsoft Access databases and ADO for a wider range of databases. The key objects in ADO are the Connection object for connecting to a data source, the Recordset object for holding query results, and the Command object for executing queries. Data can be accessed either through data controls or by writing code using these ADO objects.

Uploaded by

vtk7
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Visual Basic 6

Database Access
VB6 Data Access
• 2 Data Object Library approaches
– DAO (Data Access Objects)
• Original access strategy (up to VB6)
• Closely linked to MS Access
– ADO (ActiveX Data Objects)
• Newer approach
• More generic
• Same approach for ASP (VB Script active server
pages)
Microsoft Components
• Jet Database Engine: VB’s database engine for MS Access
& ISAM (Indexed Sequential Access Method) DBMSs
• ODBC (Open Database Connectivity): Interface for SQL
relational databases
• RDO (Remote Data Objects): Original component to
access databases across a network
• OLE DB (Object Linking & Embedding Databases): newer
generic interface accessing SQL & nonSQL databases
ADO

VISUAL BASIC 6.0 APPLICATION

ADO

OLE DB

ODBC

SQL DATA NON SQL DATA OTHER


e.g. MS Access (JET) Text Files, Excel LEGACY
SQL Server, ORACLE etc SYSTEMS
Data Connection Approaches
• Data Control based
– non-programming
– associated with form based controls (DataGrid,
DataList etc)
– Limited control over data
• Programming based
– uses Connection object (ADO)
– allows closer data control
VB6 ADO Linkage Issues
• Under Project|References
– Microsoft ActiveX Data Objects 2.5 Library
• Under Project|Components (added to Toolbox)
– Microsoft ADO Data Control 6.0 (OLEDB)
– Microsoft Data Grid Control 6.0 (OLEDB)
– Microsoft Data List Controls 6.0 (OLEDB)
• DataList
• DataCombo
Project|References
Project|Components
Form with Data Control Object
Properties
• Data Control Object (Adodc1)
– Connection String - Click expansion button & build
connection
– Record Source - SQL query (SELECT * FROM emp;)
or table (emp)
– Command Type - 1-adCmdText for SQL query
2-adCmdTable for table
• Textbox (Text1)
– Data Source - Adodc1
– Data Field - ename
Database Access using VB
Programming
• Requires ADO object library setup (Project|References)
• Requires creation, setup & opening of variables for
– Connection object (using Connection String)
– Recordset object (Using SQL Query/Table)
• Recordset Processing
• Close Recordset & Connection
ADO Database Connection
Dim adoconn As ADODB.Connection
Dim recset As ADODB.Recordset
Set adoconn As New ADODB.Connection
Set recset As New ADODB.Recordset
adoconn.Open “Provider=Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0; _
Data Source=C:\projemp.mdb; User ID=Admin;Password=”
recset.Open “emp”, adoconn, adOpenDynamic
Do Until recset.EOF
List1.AddItem recset!ename
recset.MoveNext
Loop
recset.Close
adoconn.Close
ADO Object Model
• Connection Object
• Recordset Object
• Field Object
• Command Object
• Parameter Object
• Error Object
Connection Object
• Connection String
– Provider (e.g. Provider = Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0;)
– Data Source (e.g. Data Source = C:\db\projemp.mdb;)
– Username & Password (e.g. User ID = Admin; Password = ;)
• Dim <connection variable> As ADODB.Connection
• Set <connection variable> = New ADODB.Connection
• <connection variable>.Open ConnectionString
• Other Connection Methods
– Close, Cancel
– Execute (CommandText, RecordsAffected, Options)
• CommandText can be SQL query
– BeginTrans, CommitTrans, RollbackTrans
• Transaction commands for starting, ending and undoing stored
transactions if required
Recordset
• Two dimensional array holding a table/result of SQL
• ADO allows four different cursor types (ways of using recordsets)
– Dynamic Cursor (CursorType = adOpenDynamic)
• moves freely through recordset (forwards, backwards, BOF, EOF)
• all appends, updates, deletes made by other users seen by recordset
and can be changed by recordset (slow)
– Keyset Cursor (CursorType = adOpenKeyset)
• Similar to dynamic - allows viewing of records changed by other
users but disallows changes on those records (slow)
– Static Cursor (CursorType = adOpenStatic)
• cannot see other users’ changes (hence works faster)
– Forward Only Cursor (CursorType = adOpenForwardOnly)
• like static cursor but no backwards recordset movement (fastest)
Recordset Setup
• Dim rst As ADODB.Recordset
• Set rst = New ADODB.Recordset
• Recordset Methods
– AddNew, Delete, Update
– Open, Close, Cancel
• rst.Open <SQL query/Table>, <connection variable>, <LockType>
• e.g. Rst.Open “emp”, adoconn,
– Move, MoveFirst, MoveNext, MovePrevious, MoveLast
– Seek - searches the index and moves to the row with required value
– Find - searches for row with required value (seek is faster but requires
index)
– Requery - runs query recordset is based on again
Fields Collection Object
Dim fld As Field
rst.Open “emp” ‘table emp from projemp database put into recordset rst
Set fld = rst.Fields(1) ‘assign 2nd recordset field(ename) to fld

Debug.Print fld.Name ‘prints the field name in Immediate window


Debug.Print rst.Fields(2) ‘prints current record value for 3rd field (salary)
Debug.Print rst.Fields.(“ename”) ‘prints current record value for ename
Debug.Print rst.Fields.Count ‘prints number of fields in tecordset rst
Displaying Records
Assuming Connection (conn) to projemp.mdb & recordset (rst)

rst.Open “SELECT * FROM emp;”, conn


Print “eno”, “ename”, “salary”, “dno”
Do Until rst.EOF
Print rst(0), rst(1), rst(2), rst(4)
rst.MoveNext
Loop
rst.Close
conn.Close
Finding Records
Assuming Connection (conn) to projemp.mdb & recordset (rst)

rst.Open “SELECT * FROM emp;”, conn


rst.Find = “ename = ‘smith’ ”
Print rst.Fields(0), rst.Fields(1) ‘ prints 1st &2nd fields (eno&ename) for
‘ record found
Command Object
• Queries the data source and returns a recordset
– Dim com As ADODB.Command
Set com = New ADODB.Command
com.ActiveConnection "Provider=Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0;_
Data Source=D:\projemp.mdb;User ID=Admin;Password=”
com.CommandText = “SELECT * FROM works
com.CommandType = adCmdType
Set rst = com.Execute
– Alternatively can use a stored procedure (query created in data source)
comCommandText = “Query1” ‘query defined in projemp.mdb
comCommandType = adCmdStoredProc
• Performs SQL INSERTs, UPDATEs etc to alter data source

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