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g mhat is HVD ?
g Basics of Holographic memory
g Holographic Versatile Disc Structure
g morking Principle
g HVD mrite System
g HVD Read System
g HVD capacity
g How HVD compares Others ?
g Recording errors
g Advantages
g HVD Alliance
g HVD Forum
g Conclusion
g References
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g An HVD is an advanced optical disk thatǯs presently in the
development stage. Polaroid scientist J van Heerden was the first
to come up with the idea for holographic three-dimensional
storage in 1960.

g Holographic Versatile Disc (HVD) is an optical disc technology

still in the research stage which would hold up to 3.9 terabytes
(TB) of information .

g The first step in understanding holographic volatile disc is to

understand what "holographic memory" means.
 


 
 
Holography - Method of recording patterns of light to produce a
3-D object.
Hologram-The recorded patterns of light.
Greek word Ǯholosǯ means u
 Ǯgramǯ means 

Storing - A   splits into-

   - remains unchanged


  - passes through an image.
    takes place when these beams intersect. ?


 

  


Retrieving Ȃ

 
  is send to a CMOS to 3-D image of the Death
Star created by
sensor to recreate the image. holography

The same concept is used here. The information beam

encounters a pattern of     areas that represent
ones and zeroes


1.Green writing/reading laser (532 nm)
2. Red positioning/addressing laser
(650 nm)
3. Hologram (data)
4. Polycarbon layer
5. Photopolymeric layer
(data-containing layer)
6. Distance layers
7. Dichroic layer (reflecting green light)
8. Aluminium reflective layer
(reflecting red light)
9. Transparent base
P. PIT
  
The surface of the Holographic Versatile
DiscŒ (HVDŒ)

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g In holographic data storage, an entire page of information is
stored at once as an optical interference pattern within a thick,
photosensitive optical material.
g This is done by intersecting two coherent laser beams within the
storage material.
g The first, called the object beam, contains the information to be
stored; the second, called the reference beam, is a simple light
wave.
g mhen the two combine in an optical storage medium, they
change the chemical or physical construction of that medium and
so store the data.
g If the storage medium is then illuminated with the reference
beam again, the object data beam is produced.
g This technology called o


 o
   

g The object beam is a  while the reference

beam is a which reads servo information from a
regular CD-style aluminum layer.
g Servo information is used to monitor the position of the
read head over the disc, similar to the head, track, and
sector information on a conventional hard disk drive.
Õeference: http://electronics.howstuffworks.com/hvd.html
 
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A simplified HVD system consists of the following main components:

g Blue or green laser (532-nm wavelength in the test system)
g Beam splitter/merger
g Mirrors
g Spatial light modulator (SLM)
g CMOS sensor
g Polymer recording medium

ü Blue-green argon laser which is split into two beams, a reference
beam and an object beam.
ü The interference pattern created by these two beams forms the
hologram.
w

ü It is used to allow the laser beam to access different pages in the

hologram.
ü Two types of multiplexing, M



 and  




Ê wuses a rotating disk to vary the angle of the
laser beam, and so access a different view of the hologram.
uses mirrors to change the angle at
which the laser strikes the crystal.
Ê w



ü SLM is a 1024 * 1024 array of

light or dark squares. This array
represents the data to be stored, and
is usually implemented by a set of
pixels on an LCD.
ü An SLM can usually be refreshed
at rates of about 1000 frames per
second.
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ü CCD is an array of sensors which corresponds to the pixels on

the SLM.
ü The CCD is used to read the interference pattern from the
reference beam, and so read the information from the hologram.
ü The matrix construction of the CCD allows it to read all the
data at once.
ü Typical CCD dimensions are one cm2, and typical access rates
are 1000 frames / second.
Õeference: http://electronics.howstuffworks.com/hvd.html

 
  
g To read the data from an HVD, you need to retrieve the light
pattern stored in the hologram.
g In the HVD read system, the laser projects a light beam onto the
hologram -- a light beam -- a light beam that is identical to the
reference beam.
g The hologram diffracts this beam according to the specific pattern
of light interference itos storing.
g The resulting light recreates the image of the page data that
established the light-interference pattern in the first place. mhen
this beam of light -- the reconstruction beam -- bounces back off
the disc it travels to the CMOS sensor that reproduces the page
data.
Õeference: http://electronics.howstuffworks.com/hvd.html
 
 
g The entire US Library of Congress can be stored on six HVDs, assuming
that every book has been scanned in the text format. The Library of
Congress is the largest in the world and contains over 130 million items.

g The pictures of every landmass on Earth - like the ones shown in Google
Earth can be stored on two HVDs.

g mith MPEG4 ASP encoding, a 3.9 TB HVD can hold anywhere between
4,600-11,900 hours of video, which is enough for non-stop playing for a
year.
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g It is inevitable that storing massive amount of data will results in
errors.
g mhen data is recorded in a holographic medium, certain factors can
lead to erroneously recorded data. One major factor is the electronic
noise generated by laser beams.
g mhen a laser beam is split up (for ex., through a SLM), the generated
light bleeds into place where light was need to be blocked out. Areas
where zero light is desired might have minuscule amounts of laser light
present which mutates its bits representation
g This limitation to current laser beam and photosensitive technology is
the main factor for the delay of practical holographic memory system.
g In order for holographic memory systems to be practical in next
generation computer systems, a reliable form of error control needs to
be created.
 


 

 
  
g Data in page format requires a new way to provide error control.
g Current error control methods concentrate on a stream of bits as page
data is in the form of two dimensional array, error correction needs to
take into account the extra dimension of bits.
g mhen a page of data is written to the holographic media, the page is
separated into smaller two dimensional arrays. These subsections are
appended with an additional row and column of bits.
   

g The added bits calculate the parity of each row and column of data.
g An odd number of bits in a row or column create a parity bit of Dz1dz and
an even number of bit create a Dz0dz.
g A parity bit where a row and column meet is also created which is
called an overall parity bit.
g The subsection are rejoined and sent to the holographic medium for
recording.
 

 

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DVD vs. HVD: Recording-layer depth Volumetric recording method
 

g High Storage capacity of 3.9 terabyte(TB) enables user to store large
amount of data.
g Records high-definition television (HDTV) without any quality loss.
g Records one program while watching another on the disc.
g Edit or reorder programs recorded on the disc.
g Automatically search for an empty space on the disc to avoid recording
over a program.
g The transfer rate of HVD is up to 1 gigabyte (GB) per second which is 40
times faster than DVD .
g An HVD stores and retrieves an entire page of data, approximately
60,000 bits of information, in one pulse of light, while a DVD stores
and retrieves one bit of data in one pulse of light.
    

ü In any holographic data storage system, the angle at which the second
reference beam is focused on the crystal to a page of data is the crucial
component. It must match the original reference beam exactly without
deviation. A difference of even a thousandth of a millimeter will result
in failure to retrieve that page of data.
ü Also, if too many pages are stored in one crystal, the strength of each
hologram gets diminished.
ü If there are too many holograms stored on a crystal and a reference
crystal used to retrieve a hologram is not focused at the precise angle, it
will pick up a lot of back ground from the other holograms stored
around it.

 



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g Magic Sing with Holographic Data Chips

g Dream Projects
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g HVD will be next technological revolution and soon replace previous
DVDs.
g It is currently supported by more than 170 of the worldos leading
consumer electronics, personal computer, recording media, video game
and music companies.
g The format also has broad support from the major movie studios as a
successor to todayos DVD format.
g Holographic Versatile Disc already has the backing of seven out of eight
leading Hollywood studios. It will soon be able to enjoy a growing range
of film entertainment with unsurpassed Full HD pictures and cinema-
quality multi-channel sound.


 
 

 
   
http://www.tech-faq.com/hvd.shtml.
http://electronics.howstuffworks.com/hvd.html
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holographic_Versatile_Disc
http://www.eweek.com/article2/0,1759,1759907,00.asp
http://www.news.com/Group-aims-to-drastically-up-disc-
storage/2100-1041_3-5562599.html