List of Demo Materials
List of Demo Materials
List of
of Demo
Demo Materials
Materials
••Large
Large BBBB
••Pendulum
Pendulum bob bob on
on string
string (no
(no metal
metal support)
support)
••Blocky
Blocky mass
mass
••Book
Book
••Ball
Ball (tennis,
(tennis, bouncy,
bouncy, golf,
golf, …)
…)
••Dynamics
Dynamics cartcart
••Hi-tech
Hi-tech cart
cart
FORCES
“Newton’s Laws”
These laws explain
Why things do what they do.
Motivation
• Why is the cup of coffee in the car more
likely to spill when you: Turn, Stop, or
Start?
• Why are people with filled backpacks less
agile?
• Why are bicycles easy to balance when they
are rolling?
Drawing Forces
An introduction to
Newton’s First Law
An object is dropped.
Why does it fall?
Weight
The object is hanging
from a string.
Why doesn’t it fall?
Draw a picture of the ball, and draw the
forces that act on the ball.
What forces act on the ball?
String (tension)
Weight
String (tension)
F=0
String - Weight = 0
Weight
If the sum of the forces is zero, then the object does not accelerate.
If the object does not accelerate, then the sum of the forces is zero.
An object is on the table.
WEIGHT
F=0
Table - Weight = 0
If the sum of the forces is zero, then the object does not accelerate.
If the object does not accelerate, then the sum of the forces is zero.
Pull a cart so it speeds up:
Motion
Friction Pull
Pull a cart so it slows down:
Motion
Friction Pull
Pull a cart so it goes at one
speed:
Motion
Friction Pull
Weight
How could you use Newton’s
first law to get the ketchup out of
the bottle?
Transition from the First to the
Second Law …
A moving cart in an inverted
position. [Maximum Friction]
Motion
… it would _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _!
If you could build a perfect
marble on a perfect track …
start
… it would go forever!
“Inertia”
Objects in motion stay in motion,
and objects at rest stay at rest
(unless acted on by a force).
Uptight version of Law 1
If the total force acting on an object is
zero then the object will not accelerate.
Conversely, if the object is not
accelerating, then the total force acting
on the object is zero.
An Application of the First Law:
The BB and the Cart
motion
a=
∑ F
M
Two trucks. One empty, one Full.
Empty
Full
a = F ÷ M
Different accelerations can arise from
different masses (and the same force).
The Vector Nature of Forces
5N Book 5N
2 kg
Top View
Two 5 Newton forces act on the
book. What happens?
5N Book 5N
2 kg
Top View
Two 5 Newton forces act on the
book. What happens?
5N
Book
2 kg
5N
a=?
Two 5 Newton forces act on the
book. What happens?
5N
5N
Book
To deal with this
you need to learn 2 kg
about vectors.
∑ F = Ma
F = 0
Weight
€T - W = 0
T=W
T = Mg
Post - Stations Mini Lecture
Apply Newton’s Second Law to a book on a
table, and see why we conclude that the force
of the table (N) is:
N = W = Mg. Fill in the steps:
F = 0
Weight
N-W=0
€
N=W
N = Mg