SOFTWARE
QUALITY
ASSURANCE.....
..
PDCA Cycle
2
The ascending spiral
3
PDCA Cycle....
4
Cost of quality
▪ As per Crosby the most meaningful
measurement of quality is the cost of
quality and the emphasis on the
improvement activities in the
organization is therefore to reduce the
cost of poor quality(COPQ)
5
Cost of quality
Type of Cost Description
Cost External This includes the cost of external failure and includes
engineering repair, warranties and a customer
support function.
Cost Internal This includes the internal failure cost and include the
cost of reworking and re-testing of any defects found
internally.
Cost Prevention This includes the cost of maintaining a quality
system to prevent the occurrence of problems and
includes the cost f software quality assurance, the
cost of training etc.
Cost Appraisal This includes the cost of verifying the conformance
of a product to the requirements and includes the 6
cost of provision of software inspections and testing
processes.
Cost of quality
7
Quality Control Vs Quality
Assurance………
Quality Control Quality Assurance
Quality control includes all the tactical Quality assurance looks at quality from a
activities necessary to produce a strategic prospective.
quality product or service.
Quality control focuses on identifying Quality assurance is a process for
problems after they occur preventing problems from occurring in the
first place.
Quality control is a part of whole process. Quality assurance covers much more
broader area from development to
production to sales
Focuses on preventing defect. Quality focuses on identifying defect. Quality
Assurance is a proactive process and is Control is a reactive process and is
Prevention in nature. It recognizes flaws in detection in nature.. It recognizes the
the process. Quality Assurance has to defects. Quality Control has to complete
8
complete before Quality Control. after Quality Assurance.
Quality Attributes…
The FURPS model was conceives as a means to define functional and non-functional software
9
FURPS
1
0
Functions of SQA…
Maintaining the quality of the system as per the specification and business requirements.
1
1
SQA and SDLC
1
2
SQA and SDLC
1
3
TQM- Historical Development of TQM.
As per A.V.
1
4
TQM
▪ Taichi Ohno is credited as the initiator
of Toyota production systems, is
credited with the concept of three M’s
– Muda, Muri and Mura.
▪ Phillip B Crosby is famous about his
concept of Do it Right the First
Time.
1
5
Basic Concepts of TQM
Total Quality management is defined as a continuous effort by the management as well as empl
1
6
TQM- Key Elements:
I. Foundation – It
includes: Ethics, Integrity
and Trust.
II. Building Bricks – It
includes: Training,
Teamwork and
Leadership.
III. Binding Mortar – It
includes:
Communication.
IV. Roof – It includes:
1
Recognition. 7
Leadership and TQM
▪ “Leadership is a continuous
management emphasis on sound
planning, rather than reaction to
failures. Management must maintain a
constant focus and lead the quality
effort”.- Feigenbaum.
1
8
TQM Leadership Principles…
The essential characteristics of a quality
leader may be summarized as:-
▪ Specific vision:- Clarity of thought
▪ Enthusiasm:-Motivation of the self
▪ Integrity:-self knowledge, self control and unbiased
▪ Commitment:-Commitment to quality achievement
▪ Curiosity:- Willingness to learn
▪ Courage:- Willingness to take calculated risk
▪ Empower:-Delegate rather than direct the employee
▪ Recognition and reward the team work
▪ Sense of honour 1
9
▪ Communicative
Leadership and TQM
Fledler’s
2
0
Software quality infrastructure
components
Infrastructure components are the main tools employed to prevent s
2
1
Software quality infrastructure
components
The infrastructure components are:
2
2
Staff training and certification
The main objectives of training and certification:
2
3
The training and certification process
2
4
Preventive and corrective actions
These activities are not intended to deal with immediate correction of detected defects but to eli
2
5
The corrective and preventive actions
process
2
6
Software Configuration Management
Software Configuration Management (SCM)
2
7
Why is it needed?
Software changes constantly.
2
8
Configuration Management Cycle
2
9
Importance -Code of Ethics and
Conduct. Indian Software Industry
Perspective,
3
0
C-LIFE
Client Value
3
1
ETHICS IN BUSINESS ACTIVITIES
Preventing Corruption
3
2
