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Tabulation: Dr. Samta Soni

The document discusses tabulation, which refers to arranging collected data in a systematic format in rows and columns. Tabulation simplifies complex data, facilitates comparison, and saves time and space. There are different types of tabulation: simple/one-way uses one characteristic; double/two-way uses two characteristics; and complex uses many characteristics. Key parts of a table include the number, title, headings, body, footnotes, and source.

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Samta Soni
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126 views

Tabulation: Dr. Samta Soni

The document discusses tabulation, which refers to arranging collected data in a systematic format in rows and columns. Tabulation simplifies complex data, facilitates comparison, and saves time and space. There are different types of tabulation: simple/one-way uses one characteristic; double/two-way uses two characteristics; and complex uses many characteristics. Key parts of a table include the number, title, headings, body, footnotes, and source.

Uploaded by

Samta Soni
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Tabulation

Dr. samta soni


 Tabulation refers to the process of arranging all the
collected data in a tabular format.
 Tabulation is also the systematic presentation of data in
rows and columns.
Definitions
 Tabulation is an important device for presenting data in
a condensed manner that is easily understandable and
furnishes maximum information.
 1. To Simplify Complex Data
 Tabulation simplifies complex data by arranging them
systematically in a meaningful manner. So, tabulation
converts confusing information in understandable form.

 2. To Facilitate Comparison
 Tabulation of data helps to compare different sets of
Advantages series.
 3. Saving Time And Space
 Large number of information can be condensed
systematically in one table. So, it saves, space, time and
money also.
 4. Analysis And Interpretation
 Tabulation facilitates comparison, analysis and
interpretation of data easily with the help of statistical
measures such as averages, dispersion, correlation,
regression, deviations etc.

 5. Provide Reference
 Tabulated data and information can be used in different
researches and studies. So, it also serves as a source of
reference.
 The large mass of confusing data is easily reduced to
reasonable form, that is understandable to kind.
 The data once arranged in a suitable form, gives the
condition of the situation at a glance, or gives a bird eye
view.
 From the table it is easy to draw some reasonable
conclusion or inferences.

 Tables gave grounds for analysis of the data.


 Errors, and omission if any are always detected in
tabulation.
 It saves space and time
 Tabulated data can be presented in form of graphs and
diagrams .
 It is systematic arrangement of quantitative data.
 The data must be related to each other on some logical
basis.

 The data are arranged in some columns and rows.


Characteristics  There must be explanatory notes and qualifying words
to make clear the meaning of the data.
 This is done after the data are classified.
 (1) Simple Tabulation or One-way Tabulation
 When the data are tabulated to one characteristic, it is
said to be a simple tabulation or one-way tabulation.

 For example: Tabulation of data on the population of


Types of table the world classified by one characteristic like religion is
an example of a simple tabulation.
ONE-WAY TABLE
DIVISION POPULATION
(Millions)
10.875968
Jaipur 14.186954
Hyderabad 12.994401
Lucknow
 (2) Double Tabulation or Two-way Tabulation
 When the data are tabulated according to two
characteristics at a time, it is said to be a double
tabulation or two-way tabulation.

 For example: Tabulation of data on the population of


Two way table the world classified by two characteristics like religion
and sex is an example of a double tabulation.

TWO-WAY TABLE
DIVISION POPULATION (Millions)
Male Female Total

Jaipur
Hyderabad
Lucknow
 (3) Complex Tabulation
 When the data are tabulated according to many
characteristics, it is said to be a complex tabulation.

 For example: Tabulation of data on the population of


Complex the world classified by three or more characteristics
like religion, sex and literacy, etc. is an example of a
tabulation complex tabulation.
THREE-WAY TABLE
DIVISION POPULATION (Millions)
Male Female Total
Literate Illiterate Total Literate Illiterate Total Literate Illiterat Total
e

Jaipur
Hyderabad
Lucknow
 There are 7 key parts of a table
 Table number
 Table title
 Headnotes (also known as prefatory notes)
 Captions
Parts of table
 The body of the table
 Foot-note
 Source note
 (1) Table number: - each take should be numbered. There are
different practices with regard to the place where this number is to
be given. The number may be given either in the centre at the top
above the title or inside of the title at the top or in the bottom of the
table on the left hand side. However, if space permits the table
number should be given in the centre as is shown in the specimen
table give on page. When there so that easy reference to it is
possible.

(2) Title of the table: - every table must be given suitable title. The
title is a description of the contents of the table. A complete title
Parts of table has to answer the question what, where and when in that sequence.
In other words:
 (a) What precisely are the data in the table (i.e.) what categories
of statistical data are shown0?
 (b) Where the data occurred 9i.e. the precise geographical,
political or physical area covered)?
 (c) When the data occurred (i.e. the specific time or period
covered by the statistical materials in the table)
 (3) Caption: - caption refers to the column headings. It
explains what the column represents it may consist of one
or more column headings. Under a column heading there
may be sub-heads. The caption should be clearly defined
and placed at the middle of the column, if the different
columns are expressed in different units. The units should
be mentioned with the captions. As compared with the
main part of the table the caption should be shown in
smaller letters. This helps in saving space.

(4) Stub: - as distinguished from caption, stubs are the


designations of the rows or row heading. They are at the
extreme lift and perform the same function for the
horizontal rows of numbers in the table as the column
headings do for the vertical columns of numbers. The stubs
are usually wide than column headings but should be kept
as narrow as possible without sacrificing precision and
clarity of statements.
 (5) Body: - the body of the table contains the numerical
information. This is the most vital art of the. Data
presented in the body arranged according to
description are classifications of the captions and studs.

(6) Head note: - it is a brief explanatory statement


applying to all or a major part of the material in the
table, and is placed below the point centered and
enclosed in brackets. It is used to explain certain points
relating to the whole table that have not been included
in the title nor in the cations or studs. For example, the
unit of measurement is frequently written as a head
note, such as ''in thousands'' or ''in million tonne3s or ''in
crores'', etc.
 (7) Footnotes: - anything in a table which the reader
may find difficult to understand from the title, captions
and studs should be explained in footnotes. If footnotes
are needed they are placed directly below the body of
the table. Footnotes are used for the following main
purposes:

(a) To points out any exceptions as to the basis of


arriving at the data

(b) Any special circumstances affecting the data, for


example, strike, lock-out fire, etc.

(c) To clarify anything in the table

(d) To give the source in case of secondary data.


Thanking you

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