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Introduction To Programming

The document discusses classes and objects in C++, explaining that a class defines a user-defined data type with data members and member functions, and objects are instances of a class. It provides examples of defining a Date class with private data members for day, month, and year that are accessed via public member functions, and uses a constructor to initialize objects of the Date class.

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Abdul Hannan Sohail
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35 views

Introduction To Programming

The document discusses classes and objects in C++, explaining that a class defines a user-defined data type with data members and member functions, and objects are instances of a class. It provides examples of defining a Date class with private data members for day, month, and year that are accessed via public member functions, and uses a constructor to initialize objects of the Date class.

Uploaded by

Abdul Hannan Sohail
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Introduction to Programming

Lecture 26
Today’s Lecture
– Classes
– Object
struct
Class
 A class has
– data
– functions
Class
A Class is a user defined
data type.
Object

The instances of the


class are called Objects.
Structure of a class
class name_of_class
{

// definition of a class

}
Example 1
struct Date
{
int day ;
int month ;
int year ;
};

Date mydate ;
mydate.month = 1 ;
mydate.day = 21 ;
mydate.year = 1979 ;
Example 2
class Date
{
int day ;
int month ;
int year ;
};
Example 2
main ( )
{
Date mydate ;
/* manipulate the data members
mydate.day ;
mydate.month ;
mydate.year ;
*/
}
Example 2
class Date
{
int day ;
int month ;
int year ;
};
Example 2

main ( )
{
Date mydate;
mydate.month = 10 ; // Error
}
Private
Default visibility of
all data and function
inside a class is
private
Public
class Date
{
private :

// private data and functions

public :

// public data and functions


};
Date Class
class Date
{
int day ;
int month ;
int year ;
};
main ( )
{
Date mydate ;
mydate.month = 10 ; // illegal
}
Date Class
class Date
{
private :
int day , month , year ;
public :
setMonth ( ) ;
print ( ) ;
};
main ( )
{
Date mydate ;
mydate.setMonth ( 10 ) ;
mydate.print ( ) ;
}
Separation of Interface
from the Implementation.
Example 3
class Date
{
public :
void display ( ) ;
Date ( int day , int month , int year ) ;
private:
int day , month , year ;
};
Example 3
void Date :: display ( )
{
cout << day << “/ " << month << “/ " << year ;
}
Scope Resolution
Operator
Example 3
main ( )
{
Date mydate ;
mydate.display ( ) ;
}
Example
class Date
3: Modified
{
public :
Date ( int month , int day , int year ) ;
void display ( ) ;
setDay ( int ) ;
setMonth ( int ) ;
setYear ( int ) ;
private :
int month , day , year ;
};
Example 3: Modified
main ( )
{
Date mydate ;
mydate.setDay ( 10 ) ;
}
Example 3: Modified
void Date :: setDay ( int i )
{
day = i ;
}
Example 3: Modified
main ( )
{
Date date1 , date2 , date3 ;
date1.setMonth ( 10 ) ;
date2.display ( ) ;
}
Constructor
Example 3: Modified

class Date
{
public :
Date ( int month , int day , int year ) ;
void display ( ) ;
private :
int month , day , year ;
};
Date :: Date ( int month , int day , int year )
{
// Body of the function

}
Example 3: Modified
main ( )
{
Date mydate ( 1 , 1 ,2002 ) ;
mydate.display ( ) ;
}
Date :: Date ( int day , int month , int year = 2002 )
Example 3: Modified
main ( )
{
Date mydate ( 1 , 1 ,2002 ) ;
Date mydate ( 1 , 1 ) ;
}

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