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Basic of OCT

Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a non-invasive imaging technique that uses light instead of sound waves to capture high-resolution cross-sectional images of the retina and anterior segment of the eye. OCT measures the echo time and intensity of reflected light using low-coherence interferometry. It provides micron-level resolution, allowing it to image the layers of the retina in a manner similar to a vertical biopsy. OCT is a valuable tool for diagnosing and monitoring retinal pathologies like glaucoma by measuring macular thickness, retinal nerve fiber layer thickness, and optic nerve head parameters.

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179 views22 pages

Basic of OCT

Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a non-invasive imaging technique that uses light instead of sound waves to capture high-resolution cross-sectional images of the retina and anterior segment of the eye. OCT measures the echo time and intensity of reflected light using low-coherence interferometry. It provides micron-level resolution, allowing it to image the layers of the retina in a manner similar to a vertical biopsy. OCT is a valuable tool for diagnosing and monitoring retinal pathologies like glaucoma by measuring macular thickness, retinal nerve fiber layer thickness, and optic nerve head parameters.

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kevin_jawan
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OPTICAL COHERENCE

TOMOGRAPHY
Optical coherence tomography

 Optical Coherence Tomography, or OCT, is a


noncontact, noninvasive imaging technique used to
obtain high resolution cross-sectional images of the
retina and anterior segment.
 Three-dimensional imaging technique with
ultrahigh spatial resolution
 Measures reflected light from tissue discontinuities
 Based on interferometry
 involves interference between reflected light and a
reference beam.
INTRODUCTION

 OCT of the retina is like doing a vertical


biopsy section of the retina. Instead of a
knife, light is used.

 Instead of viewing a stained section under a


microscope, we are presented with a
"falsecolor“ view with micron level resolution.
 There is no physical contact with the eye.
OCT of the retina is the most important
diagnostic tool for retinal pathology since the
advent of fluorescein angiography.
 Optical coherence tomography-The process
is similar to that of ultrasonography, except
that light is used instead of sound waves.

 Source of light : 830nm diode laser 


Infrared ray of 830 nm with 78D internal
lens.
History of OCT
 2002 : Time Domain OCT (eg. Stratus)
10 μm axial resolution
scan velocity of 400 A-scans/ sec

 2007 : Spectral /Fourier Domain OCT


1-15 μm axial resolution
up to 52,000 A-scans/sec
Basic Theory and Principle

 OCT images obtained by measuring


 echo time
 intensity of reflected light

 Measures backscattered or back-reflected


light
OCT in Glaucoma

Optic Nerve
Head

RNFL Macular Thickness


 Macular Thickness
 Retinal Nerve Fibre Layer (RNFL)
 Optic Nerve Head (ONH)
Macular Thickness Analysis

 Ganglion cells- 30-35% of total retinal


thickness at macula
 Up to 50%of ganglion cells in macula
 Glaucoma preferentially involves the
ganglion cell complex (GCC).
 Normal

 Glaucoma with thinner GCC


RNFL analysis

 Circular scanning around


ONH at a radius of 1.
73mm
 Three scans are acquired
and data is averaged
and compared with
normative data base of
age matched subjects
 Scan begins temporally
Optic nerve head analysis

 Optic nerve head


scans are
composed of six
linear scans in a
spoke pattern
separated by 30-
degree intervals
centered on the
ONH
 Disc size: by measuring the
distance between the
terminal ends of the choriod
at the level of the pigment
epithelium (green line)
 Cup: determined by drawing
a line b/w both sides of the
cup at a point 140um above
the green line. Area below the
line is cup and above is
neuroretinal rim
Thank You

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