Panukat ng Ugali ng Pagkatao
One of the most prominent multidimensional personality inventory is the
Panukat ng Ugali at Pagkatao (PUP; Enriquez & Guanzon, 1985) whose
authors selected the traits to include by drawing on the literature on
Filipino personality, person descriptions, and cultural informants.
Dr.Virgilio G. Enriquez sought to construct a test in Filipino that measured
Filipino-oriented traits, behaviors, and attitudes, primarily to identify
inventive talent. This materialized with the help of the National Science
andDevelopment Board (NSDB) by sponsoring research project in the
early 1970s.
o The PUP consists of 160 items which is in Filipino and with English
translations. 141items of which are organized into 24 trait scales and 2
validity scales.
o The items may be rated through a 5-point bipolar scale (Hinding-hindi or
definitely no,Hindi or no, Walang masabi or nothing to say, Totoo or true,
and Totoong totoo or definitely true).
o 19 “identifier items” on self-claimed personality traits which were included
in the PUP for personality research purposes. They assess culturally-
relevant behaviors and attitudesfor use as criterion variables in personality
research studies.
19 identifier items
consists of items that taps societally relevant characteristics
(e.g prayerfulness, accident-proneness, smoking, gambling)
that can be used to generate separate personality profiles.
Examples:
“I am prone to gambling”
“I am prone to drinking alcohol”
“I do not forget to pray, even when I have no particular
wish or problem”
“I don’t know why, but I often get hurt or meet
accidents.”
The PUP’s validity scales indicate a respondent’s tendency
to deny basic truths (Pagkakaila) and to reject cultural
values typically held by Filipinos (Kaugalian).
2 Internal Validity Subscales
Pagkakaila (Denial) Validity Subscale
Consists of items that the respondents are expected to
disagree with if they are honest and careful in answering
the questions. The respondents may also deny the truth,
although not necessarily or consciously to protect their
ego.
Kaugalian (Cultural Norms) Validity Scale
Consists of items that tap some standing truths about the
Philippine culture as gleaned from previous studies and
observations (e.g A man should offer his bus seat to a
pregnant woman)
English translations of the scale names seek to measure the
following traits and are clustered in 5 domains:
•Ambition •Sensitiveness
•Coyness or inapproachability •Helpfulness
•Thriftiness •Inquisitiveness
•Perseverance •Belligerence
•Guts/daring •Low tolerance for teasing
•Thoughtfulness •Responsible
•Respectfulness •Fickle-mindedness
•Shyness •Non-risk-taking
•Creativity •Excessive conformity
•Generosity •Moodiness
•Humility •Stubbornness
•Self-control/restraint
•Criticalness
Domains Under PUP
I. Extraversion/ Surgency
(-)Pagkasunud sunuran ( Conformity)
(+) Ambisyon (Ambition)
(-) Pagkamahiyain (Shyness/Timidity)
(+) Lakas ng Loob (Guts/Daring)
II. Agreeableness
(-) Pagkamapunahin (Criticalness)
(-) Pagkapalaaway (Belligerence)
(-) Hirap Kausapin (Difficulty to Deal w/)
(+) Pagkamapagkumbaba (Humility)
(+) Pagkamatulungin (Helpfulness)
(+) Pagkamaagbigay (Generosity)
(+) Pagkamagalang (Respectfulness)
III. Conscientiousness
(-) Pagkasalawahan (Ficklemindedness)
(+) Katiyahaan (Perseverance)
(-) Tigas ng Ulo (Stubbornness)
(+) Pagkaresponsable (Responsibleness)
(+/-) Pagkasigurista (Prudence)
(+) Kapatiran (Thriftiness)
IV. Emotional Stability
(+/-) Pagkamapagtimpi (Restraint)
(-) Pagkapikon (Low Tolerance for Teasing)
(-) Pagkamaramdamin (Sensitiveness)
(-) Sumpong (Mood)
V. Intellect/Openness to Experience
(+) Pagkamausisa (Inquisitiveness)
(+) Pagkam aalalahanin (Thoughtfulness)
(+) Pagkamalikhain (Creativity)
The PUP is scored either manually, using 15 scoring
acetates, or using the computerized system developed for
scoring the test. The test takes about 30-45 minutes to
finish.
It has also been reported to have a test-retest reliability
It has also undergone factor structure analysis
For validity, PUP has been reported to be correlated with
PPP (Panukat ng Pagkataong Pilipino)
PUP has been translated into seven other language versions
English Bahasa-Indonesia
Ilonggo Bicolano
Ilocano Cebuano
Maranao
PUP also has national forms and separate norms for 12 Philippine ethnic
groups. These ethnic groups are:
Bagobo Kalinga
Bicolano Kapampangan
Cebuano Maranao
Chavacano Tagalog
Ilocano Waray
Ilonggo Zambal
