Information System Model

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Information system resources
 An information system model expresses a
fundamental conceptual framework for the
major components and activities of
information systems.
 An information system depends on the
resources of people, hardware, software, data
& networks to perform input,processing,
output, storage, and control activities that
convert data resources into information
products.

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Information System
 Its an organized combination of people, h/w,
s/w, communication networks and data
resources that collects, transforms &
disseminate information in an organisation
 Data Resources information
products
 Components of IS
 People
 H/W
 S/W
 N/W
 Data

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Network resources
Information System Model
 Expresses a fundamental conceptual framework for the major
components and activities of IS
 Highlights the relationships among the components and
activities of Information Systems
 Provides a framework that emphasizes 4 major concepts that
can be applied to all types of Information systems
 People, h/w, s/w, n/w and data – 5 basic resources of IS
 People resources – end users and IS specialists
h/w resource – machines and media
s/w resource – programmes and procedures
n/w resource – communications media and network support
data resource – data and knowledge bases
 Data resources – information processing activities – variety of
information products for end users
 Information processing – system activities of I/P, Processing, O/P,
Storage and Control 5
People Resource
 End Users – use info. system/uses info. it produces
 Customers
 Sales persons
 Engineers
 Clerks & accountants
 Managers
 Knowledge workers
 Is Specialists- develop & operate IS
 System Analysts
 System Developers
 System Operators
 Other managerial, clerical & technical personnel

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 People Resources
 End Users – the people who use an
information system or the information it
produces. Ex: Accountants, salespeople,
customers
 IS Specialists – the people who develop
and operate information systems based on
the requirements of end users. Ex:
programmers, analysts, system operators

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Hardware Resource
 Machines
 Computers
 Other equipments
 Video monitors
 Magnetic disk drives
 Printers
 Optical scanners
 All data media
 Floppy disks, magnetic tapes, optical disc, plastic
cards and paper forms
H/W in computer based IS – computer
systems and computer peripherals
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 Hardware Resources
 Machines, such as computers and other devices,
and media, such as paper, disks
 Computer Systems cpu containing micro processors and
a variety of interconnected peripheral devices Eg:- the
personal computer (desktop), midrange computer
systems, large mainframe cs, or laptop
 Computer peripherals such as keyboard& mouse for
input of data &commands, monitor, scanner, printer for
output of info. magnetic/ optical disks for storage of data
resources.

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 Software Resources
 All sets of info. processing instructions
 Programmes- operating instructions
 Procedures-info.processing instructions

 System software
 System management software eg: OS, DBMS
 System development software eg: interpreters, compilers
 Application software
 General purpose application software eg: MS Word, MS Excel
 Application specific software eg: student information system

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 Software Resources
 Programs – sets of operating instructions that
direct and control computer hardware
 System Software – such as operating system that
supports the operations of a computer system. Ex.
Windows 98
 Application Software – programs that direct processing
for a particular use of computers by end users. Ex. Excel
 Procedures – sets of information processing
instructions that people need Eg:. Instructions for
filling out a form.

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Data Resources
 Data constitute valuable organizational
resources – managers & IS professionals
 Data resource management technologies
 Data resources/Data Storage
 Databases – hold processed and organized data
 Knowledge bases – hold knowledge in a variety of
forms such as facts, rules, and case examples of
successful business practices

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 Data Versus Information
 Datum(s), data (p)  Information – processed,
 Valuable organizational converted form.
resources  For specific end users
 raw facts/ observations  Data  value added process
typically about physical  Apply facts, principles,
phenomena/ business knowledge, experience &
transactions intuitions.
 Objective measurement of the  Meaningful and useful form,
attributes of entities placed in a proper context
 Forms – alphanumeric  Form – aggregated,
- text data manipulated and organised
- image data  Content is analysed and
- audio data evaluated
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Network Resources
 Network Resources
 Communication media – Twisted pair wire, coaxial
cable, fiber-optic cable and microwave, cellular,
and satellite wireless technologies
 Network support – people and all of the hardware,
software, and data technologies that directly
support the operation and use of a communication
network.
 Computers
 Communication processors- modems, internetwork
processors
 Communication control software-network operating
systems &internet browser packages

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IS Activities
 Input - capturing and preparing data
eg: optical scanning of bar-coded tags on merchandise
 Processing
eg: calculating employee pay, taxes and other payroll deductions
 Output
eg: producing reports and displays about sales performance
 Storage
eg: maintaining records on customers, employees and products
 Control
eg: generating audible signals to indicate proper entry of data

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Recognizing IS
Identify
 Resources they use

 Types of information products

 The way they perform activities

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Thank You

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