Scribd
Upload
115 views

Microstructure and Defects in Nanomaterials

The document discusses microstructural properties and defects in nanomaterials. It addresses why microstructural properties are important and how they are classified as either structure sensitive or structure insensitive. Structure sensitive properties like yield strength and fracture toughness are more dependent on microstructural defects, phases, and composition than structure insensitive properties. Defects can exist in various dimensions and forms from point defects to dislocations and grain boundaries, and defects may associate with each other to reduce energy. Understanding the relationship between microstructure and properties requires analyzing the types and distribution of defects present.

Uploaded by

Sreedhar Madhana
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
115 views

Microstructure and Defects in Nanomaterials

The document discusses microstructural properties and defects in nanomaterials. It addresses why microstructural properties are important and how they are classified as either structure sensitive or structure insensitive. Structure sensitive properties like yield strength and fracture toughness are more dependent on microstructural defects, phases, and composition than structure insensitive properties. Defects can exist in various dimensions and forms from point defects to dislocations and grain boundaries, and defects may associate with each other to reduce energy. Understanding the relationship between microstructure and properties requires analyzing the types and distribution of defects present.

Uploaded by

Sreedhar Madhana
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 32

z

MICROSTRUCTURE AND
DEFECTS IN
NANOMATERIALS
Mr. M. Sreedhar
8/2/2018
z
Why to study the microstructural
Properties?
Mr. M. Sreedhar
8/2/2018
z
What determines the selection of a
particular material in an application?

 Mechanical properties

 Optical properties

 Magnetic properties

 Biological properties etc.…

Only these or some thing else will effect?


Mr. M. Sreedhar
8/2/2018
z
What else will play a key role?

 Composition (Example: Copper)

 Phase and Phase distribution (Example: Carbon steel with


pearlite in one phase and cementite in other phase)

 Defects (Example: single crystal with and with out dislocation


effect on strength)

 Residual stresses (Example: window glass and toughened


glass)
Mr. M. Sreedhar
8/2/2018
z
Are these properties independent of
each other?

 NO. They are interdependent


Mr. M. Sreedhar
8/2/2018
z
Properties Classification

 Microstructure properties are classified into two types. They are


structure sensitive and structure insensitive properties

 Examples of microstructure sensitive are yield strength, fracture


toughness etc..

 Examples of microstructure insensitive are density, elasticity


etc..
Mr. M. Sreedhar
8/2/2018
z
How these structural sensitive and
insensitive properties are important?

 Example the presence of dislocation in a crystal where the


variation or the effect of yield strength or fracture toughness will
be more in an application but not with density
Mr. M. Sreedhar
8/2/2018
z

 Presence of cementite in grain boundary or as small coagulates


Mr. M. Sreedhar
8/2/2018
z
How does phase exists?
Mr. M. Sreedhar
8/2/2018
z
Classification of atomic form of matter
Mr. M. Sreedhar
8/2/2018
z
Classification of Crystals Based on
Bonding Characteristics
 Molecular crystals exist in the form of covalent bonds which are
bonded together by weak Vander Wall forces

 Examples of these molecular crystals are C60, Iodine, Water


molecules etc.

 Even the molecules can bond together to form amorphous

 On the other hand non molecular crystals will be formed with,


metallic, ionic or covalent etc.

 The bonding's responsible for the formation of molecules may


not be fully crystalline
Mr. M. Sreedhar
8/2/2018
Diamond
ICE
z
Mr. M. Sreedhar
8/2/2018
z
Mr. M. Sreedhar
8/2/2018
z
What kind of bulk materials exists?
Mr. M. Sreedhar
8/2/2018
z
What constitute a Bulk Material from
Atoms/Molecules?
Mr. M. Sreedhar
8/2/2018
Microstructure
z
Mr. M. Sreedhar
8/2/2018
z
What is the importance of phase
distribution?

 It determines the properties of material


Mr. M. Sreedhar
8/2/2018
z
what is a defective structure?

 Lot of parameters has to be specified to characterize this term


“defective structure”

 Indirectly it can be said that structure which shows the effect on


properties
Mr. M. Sreedhar
8/2/2018
z
What determines defective structure?

 Kind of defects present along with their dimensionality like


vacancies, dislocations, grain boundaries etc.

 Nature of these defects in terms of their origin

 Nature of these defects in terms of their position: random or


ordered

 Density and spatial distribution of these defects

 Interaction and association of these defects with each other

It is very difficult to understand the properties of material based on


defects and have a specific path to be followed
Mr. M. Sreedhar
8/2/2018
z
Why it is difficult to understand the properties of
materials based on defective structure?
Mr. M. Sreedhar
8/2/2018
z
How are defects classified in materials?

 Based on dimensionality

 Based on association with symmetry and symmetry breaking

 Based on their origin

 Based on their position

 Based on the fact that either it is geometrical entity or physical


property
Mr. M. Sreedhar
8/2/2018
z
Mr. M. Sreedhar
8/2/2018
Point Defects
z
Mr. M. Sreedhar
8/2/2018
Line defects
z
Mr. M. Sreedhar
8/2/2018
Surface defects
z
Mr. M. Sreedhar
8/2/2018
z
Mr. M. Sreedhar
8/2/2018
z
Mr. M. Sreedhar
8/2/2018
z
Mr. M. Sreedhar
8/2/2018
z
Mr. M. Sreedhar
8/2/2018
z

 Defects can be either isolated or associated

 Defects of one dimension can associate with the defects of other


dimension

 When the association occurs it reduces energy (Δ Negative)

 Which intern increases entropy


Mr. M. Sreedhar
8/2/2018
z
Examples of defects association
Mr. M. Sreedhar
8/2/2018
z
Mr. M. Sreedhar
8/2/2018

You might also like