DAVAO REGION WATSAN HUB

iWASH Civil Works and Sanitation

and Hygiene Programming
MODULE 6

DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURAL AND BIOSYSTEMS ENGINEERING

Topics covered:
1. iWASH Infrastructure Development
2. FS based on an iWASH approach
3. DED Preparation based on an iWASH approach
4. Project Specifications Development on iWASH facilties
5. Development of Cost Estimates
6. Construction Methods and Techniques
7. Procurement Guidelines
8. Sanitation Programming
Established Design Criteria
1. Minimum System Pressure - 3.5 m
• The minimum standard pressure during periods of maximum consumption or peak hour
2. Maximum System Pressure - 70 m
• The highest allowable pressure in the system that may occur, should not more than the
designed working pressure of the pipelines.
3. Average Daily Demand (Level 2) - 60 li/capita/day
• The average of the daily water requirement
4. Maximum Daily Demand - 130% of ADD
• The maximum amount of water required in a single day
Preliminary Engineering Report
• Project Planning Area • Potential Water Source
• Spot Map (Google Map) • Quantity
• Population • If Spring – Discharge “Q” should be
equal or more than projected ADD
• If Deepwell – Capacity should be
• Basic Calculation equal or more than projected ADD
• Level of Service
• Compute Ave. Daily Demand • Quality
(ADD) • PNSDW Standard
• Reservoir Capacity
Detailed Engineering Design
• Principle:
• Water sanitation and hygiene facilities for rural areas must be simple,
inexpensive, durable, efficient, and relevant to needs.

• The water provided to users shall be safe and in sufficient quantity to meet at
least basic sanitation and hygiene requirements that is consistent with the
principle of gender equality, climate change adaptation, public private
partnership and rights-based.
Number of Dependent Public Faucets
(Level 2)
Plastic Pipe Outside Diameter
“S”
32mm 40mm 50mm 63mm 75mm 90mm 110mm
M/1000M
.004 0 1 1 3 5 12 38
.006 1 1 1 4 7 15 54
.008 1 1 2 5 8 18 63
.010 1 1 2 5 9 21 71
.015 1 2 3 7 12 29 89
.025 2 2 4 9 16 45 120
.050 2 4 6 13 23 67 170
.075 3 5 8 16 32 84 212
.100 3 6 9 19 40 98 247
.125 4 7 10 22 49 110 277
.150 4 7 11 25 55 122 308
.175 5 8 12 28 60 133 335
.200 5 9 13 31 65 142 360
Number of Dependent Households
(Level 3)
Plastic Pipe Outside Diameter
“S”
32mm 40mm 50mm 63mm 75mm 90mm 110mm
M/1000M
.004 0 4 12 45 100 250 869
.006 1 8 30 70 120 340 1080
.008 2 10 35 85 160 430 1260
.010 3 15 45 95 180 520 1430
.015 8 35 60 120 230 700 1780
.025 15 50 80 170 340 950 2400
.050 35 75 120 260 600 1340 3410
.075 50 90 150 350 760 1680 4240
.100 60 100 175 440 890 1960 4949
.125 70 120 200 550 1000 2210 5540
.150 80 135 220 640 1110 2440 6160
.175 85 150 260 690 1200 2650 6700
.200 95 160 275 740 1300 2840 7200
 3M High Population
CAPACITY
CYLINDRICAL TANK DIAMETER
(m3) LEVEL II LEVEL III

Cylindrical Tank
(M)
2.00 9 628 377
2.10 10 692 415
2.20 11 760 456
2.30 12 831 498
2.40 14 904 543
2.50 15 981 589
2.60 16 1,061 637
2.70 17 1,145 687
2.80 18 1,231 739
2.90 20 1,320 792
3.00 21 1,413 848
3.10 23 1,509 905
3.20 24 1,608 965
3.30 26 1,710 1,026
3.40 27 1,815 1,089
3.50 29 1,923 1,154
3.60 31 2,035 1,221
3.70 32 2,149 1,290
3.80 34 2,267 1,360
3.90 36 2,388 1,433
4.00 38 2,512 1,507
4.10 40 2,639 1,584
4.20 42 2,769 1,662
4.30 44 2,903 1,742
Rectangular 3M High
R.C. RESERVOIR
CAPACITY
(m3) LEVEL II
Population

LEVEL III
Reinforced BASE DIMENSION
1.60 x 1.60 8 512 307

Concrete 1.70 x 1.70

1.80 x 1.80
9
10
578
648
347
389

Reservoir 1.90 x 1.90

2.00 x 2.00
11
12
722
800
433
480
2.10 x 2.10 13 882 529
2.20 x 2.20 15 968 581
2.30 x 2.30 16 1058 635
2.40 x 2.40 17 1152 691
2.50 x 2.50 19 1250 750
2.60 x 2.60 20 1352 811
2.70 x 2.70 22 1458 875
2.80 x 2.80 24 1568 941
2.90 x 2.90 25 1682 1009
3.00 x 3.00 27 1800 1080
3.10 x 3.10 29 1922 1153
3.20 x 3.20 31 2048 1229
3.30 x 3.30 33 2178 1307
3.40 x 3.40 35 2312 1387
Distribution Pipe Design
1. Prepare Drawing showing road pattern and each structures
1. Number each intersection and the ends of the system.
2. Then tabulate both the distance between these points and the elevation of
significant points.
2. Hydraulic Extent of the System ( “L” )
Distance from the storage facility to the farthest edge of the proposed system.
∆𝐸𝑙𝑒𝑣𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛
3. Ground Slope, 𝑆 =
𝐿
If ground slope is: “S” will be
Less than 0.005 0.004
Between 0.005 and 0.007 0.006
Between 0.007 and 0.009 0.008
Greater than 0.009 the same as ground slope
 9

7 8 Res

1
6 10
2
3
11
12
4

5
Distribution Pipe Design
4. Lower Operational Level (RESERVOIR) - is designed to assure no less
than 3.5m of head throughout the system.

In the case of flat terrain, LOL = (L x S) + 3.50m

Distribution Pipe Design
• For Level II, segregate structures into rational groups that could be
expected to function as a combined water use to simplify flow
determination. If the system is a network of intersection, the
structures between intersections would be a group. If the system is a
long line, divide the structures into groups of ten each.

• Combine structures into user groups for each proposed public faucet.
Show the faucet location. The faucet location should be as near as
possible the distribution line in order to minimize cost.
Distribution Pipe Design
5. Pipe Layout – Direction of Flow
• Indicate with arrows the direction of flow that is assumed for each section
during periods of peak consumption.
• If two or more arrows point at each other, and none point away, indicate
where no flow is expected to exist.
6. Size Pipeline
• Determine pipe sizes by starting at the extremes of the system and working
back to the storage. At the end of each reach of pipe, where flow is assumed
to enter, show the total accumulated number of public faucets that depend
on that flow if Level II is being designed.
7. Reservoir Dimension / Capacity
Specification Development
• A Technical Specifications is the primary means by which a client's
expectations are communicated to designers and builders.
1. Material Specifications
2. Markings
3. Pressure and Leakage testing and disinfecting
4. Earthworks
Pipe Trench Excavation & Backfilling
5. Drawing
Sanitation
Septic Tank
• Design Capacity
The septic tank capacity may be determined from the quantities of sewage flow
contained in Table 1 Chapter XVII of the Code of Sanitation of the Philippines,
based on adequate detention time interval resulting in efficient sedimentation.
Daily flow from metered water consumption may be used to estimate flow
when available.
• Location
>25 m from any sources of drinking water
>1.5 m from any water service line
>3 m from water main
not be located under the building.
Project Name : Proposed Level III WWS HEADLOSS CALCULATION Calculated by : COO
Level of Service : Level III Date 27-Nov-17
Design Year : 2017 Checked by :

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Pipe Dia. Q Velocity Length Δhf hf ∑hf Elevation Static ∑H
From To REMARKS
(mm) (lps) (mps) (m) (m/100m) (m) (m) (m) Head (m)
R 1 90 1.20 0.208 59.45 0.09 0.05 0.05 51.40 6.00 5.95 LOL = 57.40m
1 2 90 0.80 0.139 63.00 - - 0.05 49.10 8.30 8.25
2 3 63 0.40 0.141 42.83 0.07 0.03 0.08 48.00 9.40 9.32
3 4 50 0.20 0.123 98.72 0.05 0.05 0.13 48.86 8.54 8.41
4 5 50 0.18 0.111 98.72 0.04 0.04 0.17 48.81 8.59 8.42
Number of Dependent Households
(Level 3)
Plastic Pipe Outside Diameter
“S”
32mm 40mm 50mm 63mm 75mm 90mm 110mm
M/1000M
.004 0 4 12 45 100 250 869
.006 1 8 30 70 120 340 1080
.008 2 10 35 85 160 430 1260
.010 3 15 45 95 180 520 1430
.015 8 35 60 120 230 700 1780
.025 15 50 80 170 340 950 2400
.050 35 75 120 260 600 1340 3410
.075 50 90 150 350 760 1680 4240
.100 60 100 175 440 890 1960 4949
.125 70 120 200 550 1000 2210 5540
.150 80 135 220 640 1110 2440 6160
.175 85 150 260 690 1200 2650 6700
.200 95 160 275 740 1300 2840 7200
Level III
Velocity in meter per
seconds (m/s)
PE/uPVC
Friction Head Loss in
Meters per 100 Meters
PE/uPVC
Design
Design
Design
Design
Design
Cost Estimate
• Well drilling and development
• Spring collection box
• Transmission lines
• Reservoirs
• Distribution lines
• Connections
• Miscellaneous
• Valve Boxes, Fire hydrant, Pipe encasement, Hydrotesting, Disinfection,
Flushing
Construction Methods
• SPRING DEVELOPMENT
• A spring must be properly developed for several reasons:
• To obtain the full benefits of its flow, keep it from intrusion of animals and
pollution;
• Protect it from damage and possible diversion.
Spring Box – box used to
collect groundwater that
naturally flows out of the Overflow Pipe 60cm x 60cm Access Vent Pipe
ground. The box is meant (Screened Inside) (Screened)

to protect the water from

contamination.

Drain Pipe
Supply Pipe
Steps in Developing Springs
1) Enlarge the eye of the spring to increase the quantity of water yield. This is
accomplished by digging out the area around the hole down to the impervious layer
to remove silt, mineral matter and rock fragments. During excavation, avoid
disturbing the underground rock formation to prevent the deflection of the spring to
another direction or rock formation.

2) Against the eye of the spring, pile stones that will serve as the foundation of the
spring box.

3) Construct a spring box around the enlarged eye of the spring. This is to protect the
spring water from contamination.

4) If there are several small springs located in the same area, construct a silt trap to
serve as the reservoir collecting water from the springs.
Deep Well
NATURAL ENVELOPE WELL
Pipe Laying
Service Connection
• Use Saddle Clamp • WRONG
Procurement Guidelines
• Follow the iWASH Procurement guide