SEMANTIC WEB

By
Bshayer 434807574
Haneen 434807816
Hatoon 435800923
Huda 433811219
Raghad 434807734

Supervised by:
Dr.Mona

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What Semantic Web Is
 The Semantic Web is an extension of the World Wide Web through
standards by the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C).

 The W3C is of utmost usefulness in building a technology stack that

supports a “Web of data,” alongside the classic “Web of documents.”

 It uses structuring documents that are on the Web.

 This method can create applications that are more complex like
intelligent browsers and advanced Web agents.

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Semantic Web :
• The Semantic Web is an extension of the World Wide Web through
standards by the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C).

• This vision started in 1994 by Berners-Lee that is presented in the first

World Wide Web Conference.

• Using Web Ontology languages such as DAML and OIL extends RDF.
History

• Semantic Web is not a new computing environment but an extension

to the existing Web.

• Semantic web is application of artificial Intelligence.

• This vision started in 1994 by Berners-Lee that is presented in the first

World Wide Web Conference.

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How Semantic Web Works
 The Semantic Web is an extension of the World Wide Web
Consortium (W3C).

 According to the W3C, "The Semantic Web provides a common

framework that allows data to be shared and reused across
application, enterprise, and community boundaries".

 Internet technology changed the way people communicated.

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 Complexity of Semantic Web
 The complexity of the Semantic Web is compounded across
multiple levels.

 First, there is complexity in the Semantic Web technology stack.

 The simplicity of the World Wide Web was a huge factor in its
rapid adoption and proliferation as a mass market network.

 data and semantic data are different as the field of semantics is

far more abstract than documents or databases.

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Challenges
1) The Availability of Content
Semantic Web content is an explanatory written note contingent upon
particular ontologies.

2) Ontology Development
Ontologies remain the keys to Semantic Web as they are the carriers of the
Semantic Web meaning received.

3) Scalability of Semantic Web Content

Significant efforts are required to organize contents of Semantic Web, to
store them and provide necessary tools to look them up.

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Challenges
4) Multilingually
The problem of Multilingually exists in the current Web which required to be
corrected in the Semantic Web.

5) Visualization
Automatic visualisation of Semantic Web contents is expected to gradually become
crucial in solving the ever-increasing amount of information overload.

6) Semantic Web Languages Standardization

Finally standard efforts must be performed urgently in this emerging field.

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Linked Data

 Is a method of publishing structed data and sharing data over the Internet.

 While the WWW refers to a web of linked documents, Linked Data refers
to a web of linked data.

 Linked Data represents an open distributed database of information.

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Linked Data

Linked Data (Source: LOD cloud diagram)

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Linked Data
 Wikidata is another Wikimedia project that aims to provide a free
knowledge base that can be accessed and edited by humans and
machines alike.
 As a structured database, Freebase could be queried by other
applications.

Freebase
 The company provided API services that allowed developers to easily
incorporate the data into their applications.
 Semantic search engines, educational tools, and mash-ups of popular
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culture such as movies and music were all enabled through Freebase.
 Semantic Architecture and frame work :
- Understanding concepts signify a function that needs texts suitable for
specifying the properties of a particular domain explicitly.

modules shaped the methodology of this study :

(1) Learning data sources module.
(2) Linguistic module.
(3) Ontological components enrichment module.
(4) Ontological components editor.
Building the Domain Ontology
Stages :
• The accepted approach presented in was developed in three stages.

• The First stage :

- The initialisation steps are consequently structured as follows:

1 - The manual building and design of a basic ontology related to the domain, the automation
development was based on the relationships and concepts of Wordnet.

2 - Synthesis of concepts and learning sources relationships.

Cont. :
• The second stage was classified into two levels.
- The first level (Procedure A) :
1. New concepts ontology enrichment extracted from a semi-structured data located in the web pages.

2. A word space construction established on the minimal domain ontology concepts.

3. Lexico-syntactic patterns learning towards extracting hyponymy, synonymy and some links.

4. Lexico-syntactic patterns learning based on a specified method.

5. Similarity computing between pairs of concepts created in the multidimensional space word.
Cont. ( Second stage ) :
- The second level (Procedure B) :

• The web documents collection and textual corpus updates by searching them
according to the defined concepts in the minimal ontology.

• Non-taxonomic and new concepts relationships extraction through the

application of lexico-syntactic patterns.

• Minimal ontology update.

Cont. :
• Third stage (Final) :

- The third was a learning step built upon web structure mining. To
distinguish and explain these steps at once.

- The rationale behind the operation of this final stage was to ease
instances extraction using the tagged structure contained in web
pages.
Diversified Applications of
Semantic Web :
• The Semantic Web has vast economic importance and diversified
applications in services and business models via Semantic Web
technology.

• Several products and services are now visibly seen, some of which are
within a short-term reach, while others are on a midterm or long-term
reach.

• ASP mode would be required to operate such service and could be used
on a commercial basis.
SSWAP Analysis :
• SSWAP is a semantic web service architecture and protocol that uses the
standard W3C semantic web technologies of Resource Description
Framework (RDF).

• SSWAP uses a loose-coupling, late-binding pattern that utilises OWL DL

semantics to manage dynamic semantic negotiation between data and
services’ suppliers and users.

• the SSWAP permits essential linkage of features of graph-based semantic

web services.
SSWAP implementation :
• The outlook of this report is to restructure web pages and to apply
semantic web mining techniques for implementing an adaptive web
based on the semantic content, structure and services.
Conclusion
 The way people communicated has been transformed through the internet technology.
 “Semantic Web” provides the channel that enables proper machine processing of
information on the Web.
 We reviewed key literatures that are significant to Semantic Web development and
evolution.
 The complexity of the Semantic Web is compounded across multiple levels.
 Linked Data refers to a method for publishing and sharing data over the Internet.
 European Commission and other funding agencies on the advancement of
Semantic Web technology agreed to provide definitive solutions to most of
these concerns few years to come

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Thank you for listening
Q &A

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