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Types and Examples of Seed Dormancy

Seed dormancy refers to delays in seed germination until environmental conditions are suitable. There are two main types of dormancy: primary dormancy prevents initial germination through physical, chemical or physiological barriers in the seed or seed coat; secondary dormancy inhibits germination after water absorption due to temperature, light, or oxygen extremes. Examples illustrate different dormancy mechanisms, including physical dormancy in sumac seeds due to impermeable coats, mechanical dormancy in pistachio shells, and chemical dormancy overcome by smoke in Grevillea seeds.

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Azi Muhamad Syahreza Azizar
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599 views17 pages

Types and Examples of Seed Dormancy

Seed dormancy refers to delays in seed germination until environmental conditions are suitable. There are two main types of dormancy: primary dormancy prevents initial germination through physical, chemical or physiological barriers in the seed or seed coat; secondary dormancy inhibits germination after water absorption due to temperature, light, or oxygen extremes. Examples illustrate different dormancy mechanisms, including physical dormancy in sumac seeds due to impermeable coats, mechanical dormancy in pistachio shells, and chemical dormancy overcome by smoke in Grevillea seeds.

Uploaded by

Azi Muhamad Syahreza Azizar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Seed Dormancy

What is seed dormancy?


 Seed dormancy means to delay
germination until favorable
environmental conditions are present for
seed germination and sprout growth.
What is seed germination?
 The growth and development from seed
to a plant.

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Types of Dormancy
 Primary dormancy delays initial seed
germination.
• There are six kinds of primary dormancy.
Primary Dormancy
 Seed coat – physical dormancy is when the
seed coat prevents the seed from absorbing
water
 Seed coat – mechanical dormancy is when the
seed coat prevents the embryo from breaking
through.
 Chemical dormancy is when chemicals within
the seed coat prevent the seed from
germinating.
Primary Dormancy
 Morphological dormancy is when the seed has
not completed at the time the seed leaves the
plant
 Physiological or Intermediate dormancy occurs
because a physiological condition is not being
met.
 Deep dormancy is when plants stay dormant
until favorable conditions are met, usually
involving a period of cooling.
Primary Dormancy
 Double dormancy is the combination of
any of the previously mentioned factors.
Secondary Dormancy
 Secondary dormancy prevents the seed
from germinating after it absorbs water.
• Is caused by temperature extremes,
prolonged darkness, prolonged light, water
stress, or oxygen extremes.
Example of Seed Coat Dormancy -
Physical

 Rhus aromatica – Fragrant Sumac


 The seed coat becomes impermeable to
water after maturation to survive the winter.
 Broken when the seed coat is disrupted or
dislodged by environmental factors

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Example of Seed Coat Dormancy -
Mechanical

 Pistacia vera L., Anacardiaceae –


Pistachio Nut
 The hard lignified shell is too thick for the
radical to break through.

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Example of Chemical Dormancy
 Grevillea eriostachya – Grevillea
 Smoke from woody vegetative materials
activates germination.

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Example of Morphological
Dormancy
 Ranunculaceae – The Buttercup Family
 The seeds complete their maturation
after leaving the plant

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Example of Physiological or
Intermediate Dormancy
 Echinacea purpurea – Purple
Coneflower
 Purple Coneflower requires a specific
temperature range to germinate.

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Example of Deep Dormancy
 Rubus spp. – Raspberry
 Raspberries can last in the seed bank
until the soil is exposed to open sky or is
disturbed.

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Example of Double Dormancy
 Grevillea eriostachya – Grevillea
 Grevillea is also physiologically dormant
due its dependence on the chemical
properties of soil after a fire.

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Example of Secondary
Dormancy
 Chenopodium bonus-henricus - Good
King Henry
 Chenopodium requires a slight chill or
direct exposure to light to germinate after
absorption of water.

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Sources
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