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Chapter 2

This document discusses different network topologies including bus, star, ring, mesh, and hybrid topologies. It provides details on how each topology is structured and connected. For example, it explains that a bus topology uses a single cable to connect all computers and each must take turns transmitting. The document also compares advantages and disadvantages of different topologies such as rings being easy to fault find but a break can disable the whole network.

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vasu007
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40 views

Chapter 2

This document discusses different network topologies including bus, star, ring, mesh, and hybrid topologies. It provides details on how each topology is structured and connected. For example, it explains that a bus topology uses a single cable to connect all computers and each must take turns transmitting. The document also compares advantages and disadvantages of different topologies such as rings being easy to fault find but a break can disable the whole network.

Uploaded by

vasu007
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CN402 L T P

4 1 0

COMPUTER NETWORKS
INTRODUCTION:

TO give lecture for “CN” subject

AGENDA:

Chapter 2......Syllabus


N/W Topology
CHAPTER-2

COMPUTER NETWORKS
OUTLINE
• N/w Topology
• Wired N/W Vs Wireless N/w
• Classification of computer N/W's- LAN, MAN,
WAN.
• Internet
• Intranet
• Extranet
* A network may be represented as a graph with nodes representing

Computers or network devices like switches, routers etc. And the links

Representing commuication liks.

Modes of coomunication

1. Broadcast

2. point-to-point links

Both may shared or dedicated links


LAN TOPOLOGY:
Network may be classified by shape

Three most popular:



Star

Ring

Bus
BUS TOPOLOGY:


Single cable connects all computers


Each computer has connector to shared cable


Computers must synchronize and allow only one computer to transmit at a time.


Network maintained by single cable


Cable segment must end with a terminator


Uses thin coaxial cables


Extra stations can be added in daisy chain manner
BUS TOPOLOGY: conti...

Standard is IEEE 802.3


Thin Ethernet (10 base 2) has max segment length of 200m


Max no of connections is 30 nodes


Four repeaters may be used to a total cable length of 1000m


Max no of nodes is 150
BUS TOPOLOGY: conti...

Thich Ethernet (10 base 5) used for backbone


Limeted to 500m


Max of 100 nodes per segment


Total of four repeaters , 2500m , with a total of 488 nodes
Advantages Disadvantages


Inexpesnive to 
No longer
install recommended

Easy to add stations 
Back bone breaks

Use less cables than whole n/w down
other topologies 
Limited no of devices

Work well for small can be attached
networks

Difficult to isolate
problems

Slows response rates
Connections in Point to point communication:

No of wires grows as square of numbers of computers


STAR TOPOLOGY
All computers attached to attached to a central point
STAR TOPOLOGY in practice:

Previous diagram is idealized. Usally connecting cables run in parallel to computer.


Extended STAR TOPOLOGY :

A star N/w which has been expanded to include an additional hub or hubs.

Hybrid TOPOLOGY :
RING TOPOLOGY :


Computers connected in a closed loop

First passed data to the second, second passes data to third, and so on

In practice there is short connector cable from the computer to the ring

Ring connections may run fast offices with connector cable to socket in the
office.
RING TOPOLOGY :

No beginnig or end

All devices have equal access

Single ring—data travels in one direction only

Double ring---a double ring allows fault tolerence

Each device has to wait its turn to transmite

Most common type is TOKEN RING (IEEE 802.5)

A token contains the data reaches the destination, data extracted, ack of receipt sent back
to transmitting device, removed , empty token passed on for another device to use.
ADV DIS ADV

Data packets travel 
Require more cable
at great speed than bus

No collision 
A break in ring will

Easier to fault find bring it down

No terminator 
Not as common as
require the bus---less
devices available
TOKEN RING:

Many LAN technologies that uses ring topology use token passing for
synchronized access to the ring

Ring itself is treated as a single , shared communication mediun

Bits pass from transmitter, past other computers and are copied by
destination

Hardware must be designed to pass token even if attached computer is
powered down.
FDDI:
Hybrid Topology:
MESH TOPOLOGY:
MESH TOPOLOGY:
Why multiple topologies:
Further Readings
• William Stallings (Data & Computer
Communications) – Chapter 1
• Behrouz A Forouzan (Data Communication
concepts) – Chapter 1
NEXT CLASS TOPICS:

NETWORK TOPOLOGY

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