QURAISH SHAHAB F1041161005

YULIANSYAH F1041161015

DIAN LESTARI F1041161021

RINI WIJAYANTI F1041161059

SRI MULYANI F1041161019

Fundamental Theorem of Calculus , Part II

Suppose f(x) is a continous function on [a,b] and also

suppose that F(x) is any anti-derivative for f(x), then
𝒃
𝒃
න 𝒇 𝒙 𝒅𝒙 = 𝑭(𝒙) ቤ = 𝑭 𝒃 − 𝑭(𝒂)
𝒂 𝒂
 Recall that when we talk about an
anti-derivative for a function we are
really talking about the indefinite
integral for the function.

So, to evaluate the definite

Next, let’s addres the fact that
integral the first thing that we
we can use any anti-derivative
are going to do is evaluate the
of f(x) in the evaluation. Let’s
indefinite integrals for the
take a final look at the
function. This should explain
following integral
similarity in the notations for the
indefinite and definite integrals.
 2 2
f(x)= ‫׬‬0 𝑥 + 1𝑑𝑥
Both of the following are anti-derivatives of the integrand
1 3 1 3 18
𝐹 𝑥 = 𝑥 +𝑥 and 𝐹 𝑥 = 𝑥 +𝑥−
3 31
3
2 2
1 3 2 1 3 18 2
න 𝑥2 + 1𝑑𝑥 = 𝑥 +𝑥 ቤ න 𝑥 2 + 1𝑑𝑥 = 𝑥 +𝑥− ቤ
0 3 0 0 3 3 0
1 1
= 2 3 +2− 0 3 +0 1 3
18 1 3
18
3 3 = 2 +2− − 0 +0−
3 3 3 3

=
14
3
NOTE !! =
14
3
that we’re going to have to be very careful with minus signs and parenthesis with these problems. It’s very
easy to get in a hurry and mess them up
 Example 1.Evaluate each of the following

1. ‫ 𝟐𝒚 ׬‬+ 𝒚−𝟐 𝒅𝒚 3. ‫׬‬−𝟏

𝟐
𝒚𝟐 + 𝒚−𝟐 𝒅𝒚
Solution
Solution
𝟏 𝟑
න𝒚𝟐 + 𝒚−𝟐 𝒅𝒚 = 𝒚 − 𝒚−𝟏 + 𝒄
𝟑

2. ‫ 𝟐𝒚 𝟐𝟏׬‬+ 𝒚−𝟐 𝒅𝒚
Solution
𝟐
𝟏 𝟑 𝟏 𝟐
න 𝒚𝟐 + 𝒚−𝟐 𝒅𝒚 = 𝒚 − ቤ
𝟏 𝟑 𝒚 𝟏

𝟏 𝟑
𝟏 𝟏 𝟑
𝟏
= 𝟐 − − 𝟏 −
𝟑 𝟐 𝟑 𝟏

𝟖 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏𝟕
= − − +𝟏=
𝟑 𝟐 𝟑 𝟔
 Example 2. Evaluate each of the following

1 0
4. න 6𝑥 2 − 5𝑥 + 2𝑑𝑥 5. න 𝑡 𝑡 − 2 𝑑𝑡
−3 4

Solution Solution
1 0 0 3
2 3
5 2 1 1
න 6𝑥 − 5𝑥 + 2𝑑𝑥 = 2𝑥 − 𝑥 + 2𝑥 න 𝑡 𝑡 − 2 𝑑𝑡 = න 𝑡2 − 2𝑡 2 𝑑𝑡
−3 2 −3 4 4

5 45 2 5 4 3 0
= 2 − + 2 − −54 − −6 = 𝑡2 − 𝑡2
2 2 5 3 4
2 5 4 3
= 𝟖𝟒 =0− 4 2 − 4 2
5 3
32
=−
15
 Example 2. Evaluate each of the following

2 −10
2𝑤 5 − 𝑤 + 3
6. න 2
𝑑𝑤 7. න 𝑑𝑅
1 𝑤 25

Solution Solution

2 2
2𝑤 5 − 𝑤 + 3 3
1 −2 𝑑𝑤
−10
−10
න 𝑑𝑤 = න 2𝑤 − + 3𝑤 න 𝑑𝑅 = 𝑅 ቤ
1 𝑤2 1 𝑤 25 25
1 4 3 2 = −10 − (25)
= 𝑤 − ln 𝑤 − ቤ
2 𝑤 1

= −35
1 4
3 1
= 2 − ln 2 − − − ln 1 − 3
Note 2 2 2
that
ln 1 = 0 = 9 − ln 2
Example 3. Evaluate each of the following

1 𝜋
3 3
8. න 4𝑥 − 6 𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥 9. න 2 sin 𝜃 − 5 cos 𝜃 𝑑𝜃
0 0

Solution Solution

1 1 2 𝜋 𝜋
3
න 4𝑥 − 6 𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥 = න 4𝑥 − 6𝑥 3 𝑑𝑥 3
න 2 sin 𝜃 − 5 cos 𝜃 𝑑𝜃 = −2 cos 𝜃 − 5 sin 𝜃 อ3
0 0 0
0
18 5 1
= 2𝑥 2 − 𝑥3 ቤ 𝜋 𝜋
5 0 = −2 cos − 5 sin − −2 cos 0 − 5 sin 0
3 3
18
=2− − (0) 5 3
5
= −1 − +2
2
8
=−
5
5 3
=1−
2
Example 3. Evaluate each of the following

𝜋
4 3
10. න 5 − 2 sec 𝑧 tan 𝑧 𝑑𝑧 1
𝜋 11. න 5𝑡 6 − 10𝑡 + 𝑑𝑡
6 −2 𝑡

Solution Solution
𝜋 𝜋
4 4 This integral can’t be done. There is
න 5 − 2 sec 𝑧 tan 𝑧 𝑑𝑧 = 5𝑧 − 2 sec 𝑧 ተ𝜋
𝜋 division by zero in the third term at
6 6 t=0 and t=0 lies in the interval of
integration.
𝜋 𝜋 𝜋 𝜋
=5 − 2 sec − 5 − 2 sec If even one term in the integral
4 4 6 6 can’t be integrated then the whole
5𝜋 4 integral can’t be done.
= −2 2+
12 3
1
for the evaluation , recall that sec 𝑧 =
𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑧
Example 4
Given,
𝟔 𝒊𝒇 𝒙 > 𝟏
𝒇 𝒙 =൝ 𝟐
𝟑𝒙 𝒊𝒇 𝒙 ≤ 𝟏

Evaluate each of the following integrals

𝟐𝟐 𝟑
𝟏𝟐. න 𝒇(𝒙)𝒅𝒙 𝟏𝟑. න 𝒇(𝒙)𝒅𝒙
𝟏𝟎 −𝟐

Solution Let’s first start with a graph of this function

The graph reveals a

problem. This function is
not continous at x = 1
we’re going to have to
watch out for that.
 𝟐𝟐 𝟑
𝟏𝟐. න 𝒇(𝒙)𝒅𝒙 𝟏𝟑. න 𝒇(𝒙)𝒅𝒙
𝟏𝟎 −𝟐

Solution Solution

22 22 3 1 3
න 𝑓 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = න 6 𝑑𝑥 න 𝑓 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = න 𝑓 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 + න 𝑓(𝑥)𝑑𝑥
10 10 −2 −2 1
22
= 6𝑥 ቤ 1 3
10 = න 3𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥 + න 6𝑑𝑥
−2 1
= 132 − 60
1 3
= 𝑥3 ฬ + 6𝑥 ቤ
−2 1
= 72
= 1 − −8 + (18 − 6)

= 21
Thank You For
Your Attention