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Lesson On Conditional Sentences

This document discusses conditional sentences. It explains that conditional sentences have two clauses: an if-clause and a main clause. There are four types of conditional sentences classified based on the probability they express: zero, first, second, and third conditionals. Each type uses different verb tenses in the if-clause and main clause. Examples are provided for each type along with their common uses. Exercises are included for learners to practice identifying and forming different conditional sentences. Web pages with additional practice exercises are listed.

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Jennefer Gudao Aranilla
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© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
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325 views

Lesson On Conditional Sentences

This document discusses conditional sentences. It explains that conditional sentences have two clauses: an if-clause and a main clause. There are four types of conditional sentences classified based on the probability they express: zero, first, second, and third conditionals. Each type uses different verb tenses in the if-clause and main clause. Examples are provided for each type along with their common uses. Exercises are included for learners to practice identifying and forming different conditional sentences. Web pages with additional practice exercises are listed.

Uploaded by

Jennefer Gudao Aranilla
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Conditional

Sentences
Jennefer G. Aranilla
Conditional Sentences
Structure :
A conditional sentence is composed of 2 parts :

If-clause + Main Clause


Example :

If it rains tomorrow, we will not come.

If-clause Main Clause


Conditional Sentences

➢ The order of the two clauses is flexible, it’s not


important.
But if the if-clause comes first, it must be followed by
a comma.
If it rains, I’ll stay at home

I’ll stay at home if it rains.


Conditional Sentences

TYPES:

➢ There are 4 types of conditional sentences.


They are classified according to the degree of
probability that they express.

➢ Each type of conditional sentences uses different


tenses to show the difference in the degree of
probability.
Conditional Sentences
✱ Zero Conditional: If /when + present tense ….. / present tense
✱ Water boils if it reaches 100º

✱ First Conditional: If/unless + present,….. Future


✱ If I study, I’ll pass

✱ Second Conditional: If + past, ……would +inf.


✱ If I studied, I would pass

✱ Third Conditional: If + past perfect ….. would have + pp


✱ If I had studied, I would have passed
Zero Conditionals

Tense : Present tense in both clauses

Example
:
Present Present Tense
Tense

If you heat water to 100°C, it boils.

If you pour oil into water, it floats.


Zero Conditionals
Use :

▪ Talk about universal truth.


If you heat ice, it turns to water

▪To talk about habits

If I see a spider, I get very scared!


First Conditionals
Tense :

If-clause ~ Present Tense


Main Clause ~ Future Tense

Present Tense Future Tense

If I feel sick tomorrow, I will not go to school.


If it rains, the match will be cancelled.
First Conditionals
Use :

▪ To speak about possible or probable future


events.
If the weather is as sunny tomorrow as it was today,
we will go surfing.
▪To make promises or warnings
If you forget my birthday, I’ll never speak to you
again.
▪ To give commands

If you are tired, go to bed!

In this case the verb in the main clause is an Imperative


Exercise One. First Conditionals

do not come
1. If you ___________________ (not come),

will miss
You ________________ (miss ) the show.

will buy
2. John __________________ (buy)a car if he

gets
_____________ (get) a job.
will get
3. Mary ________________(get) a toothache if
eats
she_________________ (eat) too many sweets.
Second Conditionals
Tense : If-clause ~ Past Tense
Main Clause ~ would + an infinitive
Example :
Would +
Past Tense
infinitive

If he were a bird, he would fly across the harbour.


If I had $200,000 now, I would buy a car.
Second Conditionals
Use :

▪ To speak about present and future


situations which are unlikely to happen.
If I had any money I would lend it to you.
If I were you I wouldn't do this.

MIND
Were is often
used instead of
was in the 1st
and 3rd person
singular
Third Conditionals
Tense : If-clause ~ Past Perfect Tense
Main Clause ~ Would Have + Past
Participle

Past Perfect Tense Would have+ Past Participle

If I had had enough money, I would have bought


the camera yesterday.

If I had come home earlier, I would not have missed


the programme.
Third Conditionals
Use :

▪ To speak about impossible past events


If they’d gone by bus, they would have
arrived much later.
(They didn’t go by bus)

He would have travelled around the world if he


had had more money.

(Impossible to change, because


he didn’t have the money)
Exercise Two

were
1. If I ________________ (be) four years old, I
would learn
________________ (learn) to play the piano.
had not failed
2. If I ________________ (not fail) in the
would have
examination, my mother_______________
bought
(buy)
me a new computer.
would have finished
3. We ________________________ (finish) if we
had had
________________ (have) better preparation.
Conditional Sentences

Other connectors:
Type 1 : UNLESS
If you don’t phone John, he’ll get very angry.
Unless you phone John, he’ll get very angry.

Unless can replace If


in negative conditionals
Conditional Sentences
Variations:
Type 1, 2 and 3 :
If we are not careful, many species may become extinct.
If I were an aeroplane, I could fly in the sky.
If she hadn’t worn her helmet, she might have been
seriously injured.

Modal verbs in conditional


sentences
Exercises
✱ Identifying conditionals

I. Choose the correct answer.


1 - If I drink tea in the morning, it makes me feel sick.
❑ Zero Conditional
✓
❑ First Conditional
❑ Second Conditional
❑ Third Conditional
Exercises
2 - I'll tell her if she comes.
❑ Zero Conditional
❑ First Conditional
✓
❑ Second Conditional
❑ Third Conditional

3 - If I were you, I'd buy it as soon as possible.


❑ Zero Conditional
❑ First Conditional
❑ Second Conditional
❑ Third Conditional
✓
Exercises
4 - If I had the time, I’d help you
❑ Zero Conditional
❑ First Conditional
❑ Second Conditional
❑ Third Conditional
✓

5 – I would have done things differently if I had been the


manager.
❑ Zero Conditional
❑ First Conditional
❑ Second Conditional
❑ Third Conditional

✓
Exercises
6 - If you work hard enough, you may well pass.
❑ Zero Conditional
❑ First Conditional
✓
❑
❑
Second Conditional
Third Conditional

7 – Water boils if you heat it to a hundred degrees celsius.

✓
❑ Zero Conditional
❑ First Conditional
❑ Second Conditional
❑ Third Conditional
Exercises
8 - I would be surprised if it rained.
❑ Zero Conditional
❑ First Conditional
❑ Second Conditional
❑ Third Conditional
✓

9 – If she'd tried harder, she might have succeeded.


❑ Zero Conditional
❑ First Conditional
❑ Second Conditional
❑ Third Conditional

✓
Choose the correct answer
Exercises
1 If Teresa………more sensible, she wouldn’t get into trouble so often.
a) will be b) were c) had been B
2 ……… me some ice cream if you go to the supermarket.
a) Got b) Get c) Have got B
3 If I……...late, will you wait for me?
a) be b) am c) will be B
4 If Vanessa had……..me the truth, I would not have been so angry.
a) told b) tells c) tell A
5 If you listen to her, you’ll………in trouble.
a) been b) being c) be C
6 If you had listened to her, you……….have been in trouble.
a) shouldn’t b) wouldn’t c) couldn’t B
7 Nobody would……the secret if Danny hadn’t revealed it.
a) have known b) knew c) known A
8 Will you be all right by yourself if I………. out tonight?
a) go b) will go c) would go A
9 If I knew how to run my own business, I………..a rich man.
a) am b) will be c) would be C
10 If anyone………., say I’ll be back about 7.30.
a) will phone b) phone c) phones C
Web pages
Note: For more practice use you you can click:

✱ http://www.isabelperez.com/conditionals1.htm

✱ http://www.miguelmllop.com/practice/intermediate/grammar/conditionals8.htm

✱ http://www.better-english.com/grammar/condit23.htm

✱ http://www.miguelmllop.com/practice/intermediate/grammar/conditionals7.htm

✱ http://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/conditional-sentences/type-
1/exercises?02

✱ http://www.geocities.com/athens/olympus/7583/condprac1.html

✱ http://a4esl.org/q/h/vm/if-clauses.html

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