What is ISDN?

• ISDN(Integrated Services Digital Network) internet

service is basically a telephone-based network system
that operates by a circuit switch, or dedicated line.
• It can transmit data and phone conversations digitally
over normal telephone wires.
• This makes it both faster and of higher quality than
dial-up internet service.
• ISDN is basically a set of protocol for making and
breaking circuit switched connections as well as for
advanced call features for the customers.
• ISDN is the international communication standard for
data transmission along telephone lines and has
transmission speeds up to 64 Kbps per channel.
 What is broadband?
• Broadband is fast internet.
• A channel may be broadband if it sends a
signal without modulation on a carrier.
• A basic broadband connection will be at least
six times faster than dial-up. Some overseas
broadband services are well over 100 times
faster.
• Most broadband connections are provided
through a home phone line, but there are
other options such as satellite, wireless and
cable connections.
• Because broadband is faster, you can do more with it. For
example, with broadband you can:
• download and watch news clips and other video and radio
content
• download music
• have phone or videophone conversations over the internet
with other broadband users
• play online games
• easily send and receive large files such as photographs or
publications
• surf the web much faster than you can on a dial-up
connection.
• Also, with broadband you're always connected - you don't
have to dial in every time you want to receive emails or surf
the net. And you can make phone calls while you're on the
net.
• Types of Broadband:
• ADSL – Asymmetric Digital Subscribers Line
download speed is more than upload speed,
used by BSNL
• SDSL- Symmetric Digital Subscriber Line
download and upload speed is same
• Cable, Wireless, Satellites, Leased line, etc..
 What is streaming video or audio...?
• Streaming video or audio is video (as on
television) or sound (as on the radio) delivered
over the Internet via a modem or broadband
connection.
• It's called "streaming" because the sound and
picture data flow in a digital stream from a server
computer to your computer, ready to hear or
view in real time, without having to download all
of the content before you can enjoy it.
• It comes to you in a stream of digital bits... hence
the term "streaming."
1. Short Questions: [5]
I. What is URL?
II. Differentiate dial-up and dedicated connection.
III. What are news groups?
IV. What are container and non-container tags?
V. List out attributes of <marquee> tag.
2. How E-mail works? Explain various mail
protocols. [5]
3. What is DNS and IP address? Explain their
relationship. [5]
1. Short Questions: [5]
I. What is WWW?
II.Differentiate active and dynamic web document.
III.
What are search engines?
IV.How will you insert special characters like ©, &,
®, ™ ?
V. Differentiate empty and non-empty tags.
2. Explain applications of Internet. [5]
3. What is DNS and IP address? Explain their
relationship. [5]
 Spam
• Anyone that has been on the Internet,
whether using e-mail or in newsgroups, will
become familiar with Spam.
 What is Spam?
• Spam is the same thing many times.
• It originally appeared as a term to describe EMP
(Excessive Multi Posting) and ECP (Excessive
Cross Posting) on USENET. It is also used to
describe UBE (Unsolicited Bulk E-mail) and UCE
(Unsolicited Commercial E-mail).
• Now if you want to receive this junk e-mail, or
USENET posts, then read no further, because this
is how to prevent, limit, and fight against spam.
• For those of you that do not care to receive this
junk, read on.
 What is wrong with Spam?
• In the last few years, the use was expanded by the
World Wide Web to include commercial uses.
• The Web does not force you to receive Web
advertisements; you choose what Web sites you care
to visit.
• Spammers feel it is their right to send advertisements
you don't want.
• They impose upon your rights to receive what you
want.
• The constant barrage of unwanted, and sometimes
offensive, advertisements is objectionable to many
families that use the net.
• In a recent USENET incident, it was stated that
the amount of spam and cancel messages on
USENET was greater than the legitimate
postings.
• All countries of the world do not have
unlimited access to the Internet either with
their phone systems, or their service provider.
• Many countries' phone systems charge by the
minute to download.
 Blogs
• A typical blog has a main page and nothing else.
• On the main page, there is a set of entries. Each
entry is a little text blurb that may contain
embedded links out to other sites, news stories,
etc.
• When the author adds a new entry, it goes at the
top, pushing all the older entries down.
• This blog also has a right sidebar that contains
additional permanent links to other sites and
stories.
• The author might update the sidebar weekly or
monthly.
• Basically, a blog is a lot like an online journal or
diary.
• The author can talk about anything and
everything. Many blogs are full of interesting
links that the author has found.
• Blogs often contain stories or little snippets of
information that are interesting to the author.
• a blog can be anything the author wants it to
be.
• The thing that all blogs have in common is the
reverse-chronological ordering of entries.
• There are people who use their blogs simply
as a scrapbook -- a form of online memory.
• Whenever the author finds a link or a snippet
of information that he/she wants to
remember, it gets posted in the blog.
• Even if no one else ever looks at it, it is still
useful to the author because the blog is a
searchable electronic medium that the author
can access with a Web browser anywhere in
the world.
• Creating your own blog is now easy because
there are Web-based toolsets that make the
management of your blog incredibly simple --
Blogger, Xanga, TypePad, and LiveJournal are
just a few of the services available.
• You can create basic blogs for free, and most
of these toolsets have additional features
available for a price.
• There is also software (such as Movable Type)
to help you create and self-publish your blog
with even more customization.
Q.1 Short Questions (Any Five): [5]
1) What are newsgroups?
2) Define WWW.
3) Why are DNS required?
4) What is home page?
5) What is modem? What is its function?
Q.2 Answer the following questions (Any 5) [10]
1) How does WWW works?
2) What is URL? What are its different parts?
3) Explain SMTP and MIME.
4) What are physical and logical text formatting elements?
List out in each category.
5) What are static and dynamic documents?
6) Write a short note on IP address.
 Wi-Fi (Wireless Fidelity)
• Wi-Fi is wireless network.
• Many people uses wireless networking, to connect
their computers at home, and some cities are trying
to use the technology to provide free or low-cost
Internet access to residents.
• In the near future, wireless networking may become
so widespread that you can access the Internet just
about anywhere at any time, without using wires.
 Advantages
• Wireless networks are easy to set up and
inexpensive.
• They're also unobtrusive -- unless you're on
the lookout for a place to use your laptop, you
may not even notice when you're in a hotspot.
 Wi-Max
• WiMAX would operate similar to WiFi but at higher speeds,
over greater distances and for a greater number of users.
• WiMAX could potentially erase the suburban and rural
blackout areas that currently have no broadband Internet
access because phone and cable companies have not
• yet run the necessary wires to those remote locations.
• A WiMAX system consists of two parts:
• A WiMAX tower, similar in concept to a cell-phone tower - A
single WiMAX tower can provide coverage to a very large area
-- as big as 3,000 square miles (~8,000 square km).
• A WiMAX receiver - The receiver and antenna could be a
small box or they could be built into a laptop the way WiFi
access is today.
• A WiMAX tower station can connect directly
to the Internet using a high-bandwidth, wired
connection (for example, a T3 line).
• It can also connect to another WiMAX tower
using a line-of-sight, microwave link.
• This connection to a second tower (often
referred to as a backhaul), along with the
ability of a single tower to cover up to 3,000
square miles, is what allows WiMAX to
provide coverage to remote rural areas.
 WHAT IS VOIP?
• VoIP (Voice over Internet Protocol) is
simply the transmission of voice traffic
over IP-based networks.
• VoIP is a revolutionary technology that
has the potential to completely rework
the world's phone systems.
• Why VoIP is better ?
• VoIP has become popular largely because of
the cost advantages to consumers over
traditional telephone networks.
• It offers cheaper international long distance
rates which are generally one-tenth of what is
charged by traditional phone companies.
• Most of the times in-network calls to other
VoIP service subscribers are free even if the
calling parties are located in different parts of
the world.