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Autopilot Technology in Vehicles

The document discusses autonomous vehicles and their key components. It reviews the history of autonomous vehicles from early concepts in the 1930s to modern implementations. A gap in current technologies is identified as the lack of lidar sensors. The proposed solution is to integrate all possible sensors, regardless of cost, to fully monitor safety. This would require high-accuracy sensors and GPS maps that update in real time to account for sudden road changes. The expected result is that integrating additional sensors could help negate accidents by improving sensor data and GPS updates for driverless systems.

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319 views13 pages

Autopilot Technology in Vehicles

The document discusses autonomous vehicles and their key components. It reviews the history of autonomous vehicles from early concepts in the 1930s to modern implementations. A gap in current technologies is identified as the lack of lidar sensors. The proposed solution is to integrate all possible sensors, regardless of cost, to fully monitor safety. This would require high-accuracy sensors and GPS maps that update in real time to account for sudden road changes. The expected result is that integrating additional sensors could help negate accidents by improving sensor data and GPS updates for driverless systems.

Uploaded by

Mp Rajan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Autopilot

Technology In
Vehicles
ARAVIND SINNIAH
1000007
Content

Introduction
Literature review
Review gap analysis
Proposed solution
Logical methodology
Expected result
Conclusion
Introduction

A vehicle(cars in this case) that can drive itself from one point to another
without the assistance from a driver by using an autopilot system
One of the main reason for the introduction of a driverless vehicle is safety.
Driver error is the most common cause of traffic accidents
An early representation of the driverless car was Norman Bel Geddes's Futurama
exhibit sponsored by General Motors at the 1933 World's Fair, which depicted
electric cars powered by circuits embedded in the roadway and controlled by
radio
The history of autopilot vehicles (autonomous) vehicles starts in 1977 with the
Tsukuba Mechanical Engineering Lab in Japan. On a dedicated, clearly marked
course it achieved speeds of up to 30 km/h (20miles per hour), by tracking white
street markers (special hardware was necessary, since commercial computers
were much slower than they are today)
Literature Review

According to designer and futurist Michael E. Arth, driverless electric


vehicles in conjunction with the increased use of virtual reality for
work, travel, and pleasure could reduce the world's 800,000,000
vehicles to a fraction of that number within a few decades.
Arth claims that this would be possible if almost all private cars
requiring drivers, which are not in use and parked 90% of the time,
would be traded for public self-driving taxis that would be in near
constant use.
The control mechanism of an
autonomous car consists of three
main blocks
Literature Review 2

A sensor actinometer is used to detect the intensity of radiation


Lights of different colours will radiate different intensity radiations which will be
detected by the sensor
If the detected intensity is of red colour or yellow colour then the controller will
send a command to stop or slow the vehicle
Computer commands will be converted into mechanical outputs
Technologies which make a system fully autonomous:-
- Anti-lock brakes
- Electronic Stability Control
- Cruise Control
- Lane departure warning system
- Self parking
- Automated Guided Vehicle Systems
Automatic Braking
- Senses imminent distance with another vehicle or a velocity
related danger
- Responds by applying the brakes without any driver input
- Detects by radar, video, infrared, ultrasonic, GPS sensors
- Introduced by Toyota
Electronic Stability Control

Improves vehicle stability by detecting and minimizing skids


Automatically applies brakes
Helps to minimize loss of control
Compares the drivers intended direction to the vehicles actual
direction
Review Gap Analysis

Lidar sensor not used


More sensors means more cost
GPS maps have to be updated by split seconds
Proposed Solution

Use as many sensors as possible


GPS has to update more in a matter of split seconds
Logical Methodology

For a driverless car to be fully viable, every aspect of safety has to


be monitored. Therefore every possible sensor regardless of cost has
to be integrated into the respective system
Lidar sensor is a device that maps objects in 3D by bouncing laser
beams off its real world surroundings. A driver of a Tesla vehicle
crashed and died because this system was not integrated in its
system
Companies which own sattelites have to be able to update maps
by the second to detect a sudden change on roads such as cracks
and holes so that respective sensors can send information to the
system to avoid accidents.
Expected Result

By improving on sensor accuracy as well as integrating all needed


sensors and by improving the GPS refresh rate, accident cases
regarding driverless cars can be negated.
Conclusion

It is possible in the future to have a fully driverless system on roads


where real time drivers are not needed anymore. Taxis instead can
be driverless as well as long as the system itself is closely monitored.
At the end of the day, almost ALL cases of accidents is caused by
driver error.
Therefore its safe to say that by removing the driver out of the
equation there is much more less room for error.

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