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Introduction of Electric Power System

This document provides an introduction to electric power systems. It discusses the history of power systems from Thomas Edison's initial work in the late 1800s to modern developments. It also outlines different methods of energy generation including thermal, wind, solar and discusses transmission and distribution of power on electric grids. Smart grid technologies are introduced as new approaches to improve efficiency.

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sohaib
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148 views

Introduction of Electric Power System

This document provides an introduction to electric power systems. It discusses the history of power systems from Thomas Edison's initial work in the late 1800s to modern developments. It also outlines different methods of energy generation including thermal, wind, solar and discusses transmission and distribution of power on electric grids. Smart grid technologies are introduced as new approaches to improve efficiency.

Uploaded by

sohaib
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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11 Oct 2017

Introduction of Electric Power System

Dr. Irfan Ullah


Assistant Professor
Electrical Engineering Department
University of Management and technology

Advanced Power System EE534


Contents

1. History of electrical power system


2. Energy generation worldwide
3. Introduction of power system
4. Energy generation sources
5. Smart grid
6. AC transmission
History of electric power systems

In 1878, Thomas A. Edison


began work on the electric light DC Coal Generator

and formulated the concept of a


centrally located power station
with distributed lighting serving
a surrounding area.
In 1957, nuclear units with 90- Incandescent electric lamp

MW steam-turbine capacity,
were installed, and today
nuclear units with 1312-MW
steam turbine capacity are in
service
History of War of Currents

First generation electrical power


distribution system
Developed by Edison
DC transmission
Low voltage (100 V) for safety Paul la Cour Alexander Graham Bell
Energy losses
Second generation of power
distribution
Proposed by Tesla
Generate AC with high voltage
Low losses
Long transmission George
Thomas Edison
History of solar cell

Edmond is credited with the discovery


of the photovoltaic effect, the
operating principle of the solar cell, in
1839.
In the experiment, silver chloride was Edmond Becquerel
placed in an acidic solution and 1820 1891
Photovoltaic Device
illuminated while connected to
platinum electrodes, generating
voltage and current.
Because of this work, the photovoltaic
effect has also been known as the
"Becquerel effect".
History of wind power
Born in 1849

The worlds first wind turbine used to generate


electricity was built by Dane, Poul la Cour in 1891
Wind applications
propelling sailing ships
grinding grain
1877, phonic wheel motor Pouls prototype Smith-putnam
pumping water
prototype
powering factory machinery
Smith-putnam wind turbine
developed in 1941
1250 kW from a 175-ft-diameter
two-bladed prop, 115 miles per hour
Grandpas Knob, Vermont, USA
Grinding grain Sailing ships Pumping water
Energy generation worldwide

EIA 2009
Power system

69,000 to 7,400 240


20,000
345,000 Volts Volts
Volts
Volts

Generation Transmission Distribution End-Use Premise

Large Scale Grid Generation at ~20kV


Step-up voltage to efficiently transmit power long distances
Step-down voltage to safely distribute power to homes
Energy generation
14 MW 41% Efficiency 38% Efficiency
Thermal 100 MW
62 MW

86 MW

41 MW
45 MW
38 MW Gas Combustion Turbine
100 MW

20-50% Efficiency 40-50% Efficiency

Wind
Solar
Energy cost
Smart grid concept
New Technologies Offer Great
Opportunities
Control Centers
Transmission and Substations Improved System State Estimation
Phasor Measurement Units (PMUs) Phase Angle Monitoring/Alarms
Flexible AC Transmission Systems (FACTS) Improved System Simulation Models
New Sensor Technologies Oscillation Detection
High Voltage DC Lines New System Control Approaches
Superconducting Lines
Fault Current Limiters Distribution and Customers
Dynamic Line Rating Systems Distribution Management Systems
Energy Storage Outage Management Systems
Volt/VAR Optimization
Conservation Voltage Reduction
Automated Fault Detection, Isolation, & Restoration
Advanced Metering Systems
Microgrids
Transmission

In 1954, the first modern high-voltage dc (HVDC) transmission


History of increases in three-
line was put into operation in Sweden phase transmission voltages in
It operated at 100 kV for a distance of 100 km. the United States

The first HVDC line in the United States was the G400-kV
1360-km Pacific Intertie line installed between Oregon and
California in 1970.
As of 2008, seven other HVDC lines up to 500 kV and eleven
back-to-back ac-dc links had been installed in the United
States
A total of 57 HVDC lines up to 600 kV had been installed
worldwide
Transmission
Anatomy of a transmission line

HVDC transmission losses are quoted as less than 3%


per 1,000 km, which are 3040% less than with AC
HVDC transmission losses are still lower than the AC losses lines, , at the same voltage levels
in practically all cases
Pakistan power transmission network

Punjab

Circuit length (km)

Sindh

KPK

Baluchistan
Discussion

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