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Esmeralda Romero - Camera Basics-Part 1

This document provides an overview of basic digital camera concepts, including the exposure triangle of aperture, shutter speed, and ISO. It explains that cameras capture light using an image sensor, and defines key terms like f-stops, shutter speeds, and ISO settings. The document also illustrates how adjusting the exposure triangle affects image qualities like depth of field, motion blur, and image noise.

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84 views

Esmeralda Romero - Camera Basics-Part 1

This document provides an overview of basic digital camera concepts, including the exposure triangle of aperture, shutter speed, and ISO. It explains that cameras capture light using an image sensor, and defines key terms like f-stops, shutter speeds, and ISO settings. The document also illustrates how adjusting the exposure triangle affects image qualities like depth of field, motion blur, and image noise.

Uploaded by

api-370758222
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Mr.

Zeko: Digital Photo A


Camera Basics
Photo-graphy

Photo=Light
Graph=Record
Camera=Chamber
Always Two Parts: Body (chamber)+ Lens
Recording Medium Has Changed

16th Century: portable camera obscura-


artist traced projected image.
19th Century until 2000-various types of
films & chemicals.
21st Century: digital image sensors.
Artist
Films
Image Sensors
Exposure

Exposure is the amount of


light allowed to fall on a photogr
aphic medium (
film or
image sensor) during the process o
f taking a
Exposure Triangle:
3 controls effect exposure:

Aperture
Shutter
ISO
Aperture
The opening in a photographic lens that admits the
light.
The size of the opening at the time photo is taken.

It is measured in f-stops.

Typical f-stops: 1.4, 2, 2.8, 4, 5.6, 8, 11, 16, 22


Aperture is measured in fractions-thus the smaller the
number, the larger the opening.
Aperture/f-stop table
Aperture/Depth of Field
Aperture/Depth of Field-2
Shallow Depth of Field
Shallow Depth of Field
Deep Depth of Field
Deep Depth of Field
Shutter Speed
Shutter speed is how long the shutter is open when taking a
photograph.
The longer the shutter speed, the more light is recorded; conversely,
the shorter the shutter speed, the less light is recorded.
Typical shutter speeds: 1000, 500, 250, 125, 60, 30, 15, 8, 4, 2, 1, 2,
4, 8, 15, 30, B
Shutter speeds are measured in fractions of seconds-thus the larger
the number the shorter the length of time.
Any number followed by quotation mark means seconds-thus 4
equals 4 seconds.
Shutter Speed Reference Chart
BulbFor use in very low light conditions like night photography. With this setting the
photographer controls how long the shutter stays open. Any movement within the frame or
by the camera will show up as motion blur. A tripod must be used.
1 second to 1/15For use in low light conditions, night photography, fireworks, etc. A tripod
must be used to prevent motion blur.
1/30thFor use when implying motion by panning with a moving object as a photo is taken.
The subject appears sharp while the background becomes motion blur.Also used in darker
conditions and requires a tripod to prevent motion blur.
1/60th to 1/125thCommon shutter speeds for most existing light situations.These shutters
speeds combined with small apertures (f/8 to f/166) result in large depth of field.
1/250thGood for freezing human paced action like a person jogging.

1/500thGood for freezing faster moving objects such as a car or runner.


1/1000th and fasterGood for freezing objects that move faster than the eyes can see, such
as a birds wings in flight or baseball pitch.
Shutter Speed/Motion
Fast Shutter Speed
Slow Shutter Speed
Really Slow!/Bulb (B)
3. ISO
In photography, an ISO number is an indication of the
sensitivity of the image sensor, where a higher number
indicates higher sensitivity.
This is usually expressed as a range, e.g. ISO 100 - 6400.
A higher sensitivity allows us to take pictures in low light
without using flash. However, this gain usually comes at a
price: as we amplify the light signal, we also amplify the
noise signal, and high ISO images are usually more "noisy"
than low ISO images.
ISO/Settings
ISO/Image Quality
ISO/Image Quality
Putting it all Together

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