Scribd
Upload
42 views

Differentiation Rules: Chain Rule

The document discusses differentiation rules including: 1) The chain rule for differentiating composite functions. 2) Standard derivatives of common functions like logarithms, exponentials, trigonometric functions, and power functions. 3) Implicit differentiation for finding derivatives of implicitly defined functions. 4) Derivatives of inverse functions using the chain rule.

Uploaded by

wiswisnu
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
42 views

Differentiation Rules: Chain Rule

The document discusses differentiation rules including: 1) The chain rule for differentiating composite functions. 2) Standard derivatives of common functions like logarithms, exponentials, trigonometric functions, and power functions. 3) Implicit differentiation for finding derivatives of implicitly defined functions. 4) Derivatives of inverse functions using the chain rule.

Uploaded by

wiswisnu
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 8

Differentiation Rules

Chain Rule
Let y be a differentiable function of u and u be
differentiable function of x, then
dy dy du

dx du dx
The Chain Rule is sometimes stated:
Let y=f(x) and u=g(x) with f differentiable at u
= g(x) and and g differentiable at x, then
d d d
( f ( g ( x ))) ( f (u)) ( g ( x ))
dx du dx
Standard functions and their derivatives
d 1
(1) (ln x ) ;
dx x
d
( 2) (e x ) e x ;
dx
d
(3) ( x a ) ax a 1 , (note : x a is not defined for some a if x 0);
dx
d
(4) (a x ) a x ln a for a 0;
dx
d d
(5) (sin x ) cos x dan (cos x ) sin x.
dx dx
Examples
ds
Speed : v ,
dt
dv dv dv ds dv
Acceleration : a a v . (Chain Rule)
dt dt ds dt ds

Problems
d d sin x
1. tan x ( )
dx dx cos x
dy
2. y cos x find
3

dx
dy
3. y ln(tan(3 x 7)) find
2

dx
Implicit Differentiation
y 3 xy x 2 11. (*)
dy
Find at point x 1, y 2 on curve. Assume y f ( x )
dx
and check (1,2) is on curve : 2 3 1.2 12 11 (OK )
Differentiate both sides of (*) with respect to x.
d d
( y 3 xy x 2 ) (11) 0
dx dx
d 3 d d 2 dy y 2x
y ( xy ) x 0 2 ,
dx dx dx dx 3y x
d 3 dy dy dx
y x y 2x 0 provided 3 y 2 x 0.
dy dx dx dx
dy dy dy
3y2 x y 2x 0 Note : So if is defined as above
dx dx dx
dy
(3 y 2 x ) ( y 2 x) 0 then the curve y f(x) exists.
dx
Example

A rocket is launched vertically. Radar is 5 km


from launch site. When rocket is 13 km from
radar this distance is increasing at 100 km/sec.
Find rocket speed.
Let y = height of rocket,
s = distance from rocket to radar
Must find dy/dt.
Different version
Rocket launched vertically 5 km from
tracking station.
When angle of elevation = 60, the
rate of change of is 3/sec.
What is the velocity at that instant
(dy/dt)?
Remember: = 60 = /3 radians
Derivatives of Inverse Functions
Let y f 1
( x ) and x f ( y )
dx dx dx
1 , Chain Rule
dx dy dy
d 1 dy dy
f ( x) 1 .
dx dx dx
Example : If y ln x then x e y so
dy 1 1 1 d 1
dx y that is ln y .
dx dy e x dx x

Example: Find dy/dx if y = xx .


Hint: ln y = ln (xx ) = x ln x.

You might also like