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By: Ahmad Yazdankhah CS 147 Fall 2008 Prof: Dr. Sin-Min Lee

This document discusses the arithmetic logic unit (ALU) and how to build a simple 1-bit ALU. It begins with an overview of the ALU, explaining that it performs arithmetic and logical operations and was proposed by John Von Neumann in 1945. It then shows a typical schematic symbol of an ALU and builds a 1-bit ALU that can perform logical AND and OR operations. Adding a full adder is suggested to expand its capabilities. Larger ALUs can be built by combining multiple 1-bit ALUs in parallel. Useful references and online resources are provided.

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Nahida Akter
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37 views13 pages

By: Ahmad Yazdankhah CS 147 Fall 2008 Prof: Dr. Sin-Min Lee

This document discusses the arithmetic logic unit (ALU) and how to build a simple 1-bit ALU. It begins with an overview of the ALU, explaining that it performs arithmetic and logical operations and was proposed by John Von Neumann in 1945. It then shows a typical schematic symbol of an ALU and builds a 1-bit ALU that can perform logical AND and OR operations. Adding a full adder is suggested to expand its capabilities. Larger ALUs can be built by combining multiple 1-bit ALUs in parallel. Useful references and online resources are provided.

Uploaded by

Nahida Akter
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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By: Ahmad Yazdankhah

CS 147
Fall 2008
Prof: Dr. Sin-Min Lee
Assumptions
Review: Bus Concept
Review: CPU Building Block
The Simplest Computer Building Blocks
Whats ALU?
Typical Schematic Symbol of an ALU
Lets Build a 1-Bit ALU
Useful Links
References
You are familiar with:
1. Number representations (1s complement,
2s comp.)
2. Arithmetic operations (Add, Sub, . . .)

3. Floating Point concept

4. Registers in CPU (Accumulator, Program


Counter, Instruction Register, )
Registers
(IR, PC,
ACC)
Control
Unit
(CU)
Arithmetic
Logic Unit
(ALU)
Instruction Register Program Counter
(IR) (PC)

Control Unit 2
(CU)
3
ALU
4

5
Status Register
Accumulator (ACC)
(FLAG) .

CPU RAM
1. ALU stands for: Arithmetic Logic Unit
2. ALU is a digital circuit that performs
Arithmetic (Add, Sub, . . .) and Logical
(AND, OR, NOT) operations.
3. John Von Neumann proposed the ALU
in 1945 when he was working on
EDVAC.
Typical Schematic Symbol of
an ALU
A and B: the inputs to the
ALU
(aka operands)
R: Output or Result
F: Code or Instruction from
the Control Unit (aka as op-
code)
D: Output status; it indicates
cases such as:
carry-in
carry-out,
overflow,
division-by-zero
This is an one-bit ALU which can do Logical AND and Logical OR
operation.
Result = a AND b when operation = 0
Result = a OR b when operation = 1
The operation line is the input of a MUX.
Adding a full adder to our ALU
By paralleling the one-bit ALUs and some other modification on the
logical circuits, we can create bigger ALUs.
Virginia Tech online courses:
http://courses.cs.vt.edu/~csonline/index.html
Virginia Tech online Circuit Simulator
http://courses.cs.vt.edu/~csonline/MachineArchit
ecture/Lessons/Circuits/simcir_frame.html
Virginia Tech Microprocessor Simulation:
http://courses.cs.vt.edu/~csonline/MachineArchit
ecture/Lessons/CPU/sumprogram.html
Text book: Computer System Architecture

(By: Rob Williams, 2nd Edition, Prentice Hall,


2006)
Site Wikipedia:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arithmetic_logic_unit
Previous Student Lectures:
(By: Anna Kurek, Spring 2008)
Professors Lecture Notes.
Virginia Tech online courses:
http://courses.cs.vt.edu/~csonline/index.html

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