01 Cell Cycle Cell Division - Introab
01 Cell Cycle Cell Division - Introab
Developing multicellular
Organism.
KEY CONCEPT
Cells divide during mitosis and
cytokinesis.
Rarely
Muscle
Nerve (slowest)
Stay in G0
phase
1. Growth
2. Replacement and
3. Repair
Cell Cycle
Interphase (preparation for cell division)
G1 Growth 1
S- Synthesis (DNA Replication)
G2 - Growth 2
Prophase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase
STOP
Interphase
75% of cells life
spent here
Includes G1, S,
and G2
Nucleolus
Centrioles
Interphase
G1 Growth 1
Interphase
S Synthesis (to make)
DNA Replication
DNA makes a copy of itself so
that each new cell has a
complete set.
Interphase
G2 Growth 2
DNA Replication
DNA Replication
So that identical copies of the
cells genes, can be passed on
to each new cell.
DNA Replication occurs during
the S sub-phase of Interphase.
Chromosome
Centromerehold copies
together
Chromosome
Single Copy
Chromosome
Double Copies
Has gone through DNA
Replication so that
each cell gets a
complete set of 46.
Chromosomes condense at
the start of mitosis.
DNA wraps around proteins (histones) that
condense it.
DNA double
helix
DNA and
histones
Chromatin
Supercoiled
DNA
Mitosis
Review:
Interphase
Chromatin
DNA Replication has
occurred but chromosomes
are uncoiled
Mitosis
Prophase
1. Nuclear Envelope begins
to break down
4.Spindle Fibers
are put together
2.Chromosomes
coil up & condense
3.Centrioles migrate
to opposite poles
Mitosis
Metaphase
1.Chromosomes line up
at the equator
2.Centrioles
at opposite
poles
3. Spindle Fibers
attach to
chromosomes at
the kinetochore
Anaphase
Centromeres split
Chromatids pulled
apart
now called
chromosomes
Mitosis
Anaphase(cytokenesis begins here)
1.Plasma
membrane elongates
3.Sister
Chromatids
are now
chromosomes
of the new
cell forming
2.Spindle
Fibers pull
Sister
Chromatids
apart to
opposite
poles
Mitosis
Telophase
1
Telophase is the
opposite of Prophase
1. Nuclear Envelope is reformed.
2. Chromosomes uncoil forming
Chromatin.
3. Only 1 centriole left the other
will be made in Interphase.
4. Spindle Fibers are dissolved.
5. Cleavage Furrow continues to
pinch until the cell is divided to
form 2 daughter cells with
identical DNA.
In animal
cells, the
membrane
pinches
closed.
In plant cells,
a cell plate
forms.
Controlling Cell
Growth
Stop when touching
Can resume when space (injury)
Contact inhibition