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Exponential Functions Powerpoint

This document provides an overview of exponential functions by comparing them to linear functions. Exponential functions model situations where change occurs at a changing rate, such as compound interest in savings accounts, whereas linear functions model constant rate of change. The document illustrates exponential growth and decay using examples such as job salary increases, savings account balances with compound interest, radioactive decay, and population growth. It defines exponential functions symbolically and compares exponential growth and decay in terms of their equations.

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213 views

Exponential Functions Powerpoint

This document provides an overview of exponential functions by comparing them to linear functions. Exponential functions model situations where change occurs at a changing rate, such as compound interest in savings accounts, whereas linear functions model constant rate of change. The document illustrates exponential growth and decay using examples such as job salary increases, savings account balances with compound interest, radioactive decay, and population growth. It defines exponential functions symbolically and compares exponential growth and decay in terms of their equations.

Uploaded by

api-332185413
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Exponential

Functions

Lets compare Linear Functions


and Exponential Functions
Linear Function

Exponential Function

Change at a constant rate


Rate of change (slope) is a constant

Change at a changing rate


Change at a constant percent rate

Suppose you have a choice of two


different jobs when you graduate
college:
o Start at $30,000 with a 6%
per year increase
o Start at $40,000 with
$1200 per year raise
Which should you choose?

Which Job?

When is Option A better?


When is Option B better?
Rate of increase changing
Percent of increase is a

constant
Ratio of successive years is
1.06

Rate of increase a
constant $1200

Year

Option A

Option B

$30,000

$40,000

$31,800

$41,200

$33,708

$42,400

$35,730

$43,600

$37,874

$44,800

$40,147

$46,000

$42,556

$47,200

$45,109

$48,400

$47,815

$49,600

10

$50,684

$50,800

11

$53,725

$52,000

12

$56,949

$53,200

13

$60,366

$54,400

14

$63,988

$55,600

Lets look at
another example

Consider a savings account


with compounded yearly
income

What does compounded


yearly mean?
You have $100 in the
account
You receive 5% annual
interest

Complete the table


Find an equation to model
the situation.
How much will you have in
your account after 20
years?

At end of
year

Amount of interest earned

New balance in
account

100 * 0.05 = $5.00

$105.00

105 * 0.05 = $5.25

$110.25

110.25 * 0.05 = $5.51

$115.76

4
5

Savings Accounts
How do they differ?
Simple Interest

I = interest accrued
P = Principle
r = interest rate
Linear
t = time

Compound Interest
A = Current Balance
P = Principle
r = interest rate
n = number of times

compounded yearly
Exponential
t = time in years

Where else in our


world do we see
exponential models?

Examples of Exponential Models


Money/Investments
Appreciation/Depreciation
Radioactive Decay/Half
Life
Bacteria Growth
Population Growth

How can you determine whether an exponential


function models growth or decay just by looking at its
graph?

Graph 1

Graph 2

Exponential growth functions


increase from left to right
Exponential decay functions
decrease from left to right

How Can We Define Exponential


Functions Symbolically?

Notice the variable is in the exponent?


The base is b and a is the coefficient.
This coefficient is also the initial value/yintercept (when x=0)

Comparing Exponential Growth/Decay


in Terms of Their Equations
Exponential Growth
for
Example:

Exponential Decay

for
Example:

Can you automatically conclude that an


exponential function models decay if the
base of the power is a fraction or decimal?
or

No some fractions and decimals have a value greater than one, such as

3.5 and , and these bases produce exponential growth functions

Fry's Bank Account (clip 1)


Frys Bank Account (clip 2)
On the TV show Futurama Fry checks his bank
statement
Since he is from the past his bank account has not been
touched for 1000 years
Watch the clip above to see how Frys savings account
balance has changed over time
Answer the questions on your worksheet following each
clip

One More
Example

Consider a medication:
The patient takes 100 mg
Once it is taken, body filters medication
out over period of time
Suppose it removes 15% of what is
present in the blood stream every hour

Fill in the
rest of the
table

At end of
hour

Amount remaining

100 0.15 * 100 = 85

85 0.15 * 85 = 72.25

3
4
5

What is the
growth
factor?

Growth Factor = 0.85


Note: when growth
factor < 1, exponential
is a decreasing function

Here are Some Videos


to Further Explain
Exponential Models

The Magnitude of an Earthquake


Exponential Functions: Earthquakes Explained (2:23)

In this clip, students explore earthquakes using exponential


models. In particular, students analyze the earthquake that
struck the Sichuan Province in China in 2008

The Science of Overpopulation


The Science of Overpopulation (10:18)

This clip shows how human population grows


exponentially. There is more of an emphasis
on science in this clip then there is about
mathematics as a whole.

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