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Servo Motors and Its Applications

A servo motor allows for precise control of angular position through a closed-loop feedback system. It uses a current amplifier, servo controller, motor, and position feedback device like an encoder. Servo motors are commonly used in applications that require accurate rotational control, such as robotics, remote controlled vehicles, packaging machines, and automation equipment. They provide benefits like steady-state stability, wide speed control range, fast response time, and linear mechanical characteristics. Common examples of servo motor applications include press feeds, bottle filling lines, doors, and precision machinery across many industries.

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245 views

Servo Motors and Its Applications

A servo motor allows for precise control of angular position through a closed-loop feedback system. It uses a current amplifier, servo controller, motor, and position feedback device like an encoder. Servo motors are commonly used in applications that require accurate rotational control, such as robotics, remote controlled vehicles, packaging machines, and automation equipment. They provide benefits like steady-state stability, wide speed control range, fast response time, and linear mechanical characteristics. Common examples of servo motor applications include press feeds, bottle filling lines, doors, and precision machinery across many industries.

Uploaded by

joonim
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Servo Motor

and Its applications

Presentation by :
P.V.V.A.Subod

What Is a Servo motor?


AservomotorisaROTARYACTUATORthatallowsfor
precisecontrolofangularposition.
Whentheobjectiveofthesystemistocontrolthepositionof
anobjectthenthesystemiscalledServomechanism.
TheseareusedtoconverttheappliedElectricalsignaltoan
Angulardisplacementoftheshaft.

The Servo system :


Aclosed-loopmotionsystemusingacurrentamplifier,servo
controller,servomotorandapositionfeedbackdevicesuchas
anencodertopreciselycontrolspeedandpositionofaload.
Themotorcanbeelectric,hydraulic,pneumaticoreven
internalcombustion.
Thefeedbacksensorcanbemechanicalorelectronic,analogor
digitalanditcanberotaryorlinear.

Construction and Working :


IngeneralacservomotorisatwophaseInductionmotor.
Therotorconstructionisusuallysquirrelcagetype.
Thestatorconsistsoftwopolepairsmountedontheinner
peripheryofthestatorsuchthattheiraxesareatanangleof90
degreesinspace.

How does a Servo Motor works?


Servosarecontrolledbysendingthemapulseofvariable
width.
Theangleisdeterminedbythedurationofapulsethatis
appliedtothecontrolwire.ThisiscalledPulsewidth
Modulation.Theservoexpectstoseeapulseevery20ms.The
lengthofthepulsewilldeterminehowfarthemotorturns.
Servoswillnotholdtheirpositionforeverthough,theposition
pulsemustberepeatedtoinstructtheservotostayinposition.

How does a Servo Motor works?


Thecontrolwireisusedtocommunicatetheangle.Theangle
isdeterminedbythedurationofapulsethatisappliedtothe
controlwire.Thisiscalled
PulseCodedModulation.
Theservoexpectstoseea
pulseevery20milliseconds.
Thelengthofthepulsewill
determinehowfarthe
motorturns.

Features of a Servo Motor :


Linearrelationshipbetweenthespeedandelectricalcontrol
signal.
Steadystatestability.
Widerangeofspeedcontrol.
Linearityofmechanicalcharacteristicsthroughouttheentire
speedrange.
LowmechanicalandelectricalInertia.
Fastresponsetothesignal.

Symbolic representation of a Servo Motor :


Itconsistsofrotor,control
Winding,,amplifierand
Modulator.

A simplified block diagram of Servo motor

Block Diagram representing the


components of a Servo motor :

Applications :
Thereareaquitelarge
applicationsofservo
motorsinthemodern
technology.
Infactalmosteverynew
technologicaldevelopment
usesServomotors.

Press feed
Inthisapplication,sheetmaterialisfedintoapresswhereitis
cutofftolengthwithaknifebladeorsheer.Thesheetmaterial
mayhavealogoorotheradvertisementthatmustlineup
registrationmarkswiththecut-offpoint.Inthisapplicationthe
speedandpositionofthesheetmaterial
mustbesynchronizedwiththe
correctcut-offpoint.

In-line Bottle Filling


Inthisapplication10nozzlesaremountedonacarriagethatis
drivenbyaball-screwmechanism.Theball-screwmechanismisalso
calledaleadscrew.Whenthemotorturnstheshaftoftheballscrew,
thecarriagewillmovehorizontallyalongthelengthoftheball-screw
shaft.Thismovementwillbesmoothsothateachofthenozzlescan
dispenseproductintothebottles
withlittlespillage.
Theservodrivesystemutilizesa
positioningdrivecontrollerwith
softwarethatallowstheposition
andvelocitytobetrackedasthe
conveyorlinemovesthebottles.

Other similar applications :

Opening/ClosingDoors.
Diamondcuttingmachine.
Packing/WrappingMachine.
FoodProcessingMachine.
SemiconductormanufacturingEquipment.
BeltDrivenmachine.
X-YRobots.
Constantrateoffeeding,wherefixedoperationisrequired

The main applications :


Robotics:
Thesemotorsareofthehighestimportanceinroboticsasthey
facilitateintelligentandnaturalmovement.Itcantransmit
informationregardingtherotationofthemotoronitsaxis,thus
keepingtherobotawareofthemovementofitsvariousparts.

The main applications :


Movement Control:
Theservomotor'scapacityforsensitiveoperationmakesitavital
componentinmanyindustries.Aswellasitsuseinremote
controlledvehicles,thesemotorsareessentialfordynamic
responsesincommercialaircraft,vehiclecruisecontrol,aswell
asmachinetoolsandsteamturbines.Thesemotorsareusefulin
anyapplicationinwhichprecisemovementisrequired.Ithas
beenusedtoaidthemovementofantennaeusedinmilitary
detectionsystems,particularlythoselocatedinharsh
environmentswithroughweatherconditions.

The main applications :


Remote Controlled Devices:
Thesemotorsareanessentialcomponenttoanythingwith
remotelycontrolledmovement,fromsimplechildren'stoysto
moresophisticatedmodels.Specifically,servomotorsareusedin
remotecontrolledvehiclestopreciselymovecontrolsurfaces.
Theseincludetheelevatorswhichcontrolthepitchofanaircraft
andtheruddersofaship,submarineoraircraftwhichsteerthe
vehiclethroughairorwater.Theservoinremotecontrolledcars,
forinstance,willperformthrottlecontrol,braking,steeringand
engaginggearsinforwardorreverse.

Othermilitaryapplicationsforthistypeofmotorsinclude
Fire-control.
Marinenavigation.
Antiaircraft-gunsystems.
Servomotorsfacilitatethehighlyprecisemechanismsneeded
intheglassindustry,suchastheneedtocutspecificamounts
ofmoltenglasstoaqualityfinish.
Servosarealsousedinmanyauto-focuscameras,toaccurately
positionthelensandadjustthefocus.Theprecisionofservo
motorsisusedtoadvantageinmodernharddiskdrivesforthe
speedofthedisk'srotation.

PPTBY:
P.V.V.A.Subod
REGNO:-1210511244
EMAIL:[email protected]
CONTACT:09059006008
DEPT:EEE
Thankyou

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