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DL DP Ka Q: Darcy's Equation P P

This document discusses Darcy's equation for radial flow in porous media and its application to modeling inflow performance relationships (IPR) in oil reservoirs. It presents Darcy's equation, defines the variables, and describes its integration to model steady-state and pseudosteady-state flow regimes. It also discusses skin factor and how formation damage near the wellbore can impact pressure drop and flow rates. Common causes of skin damage include invasion of drilling muds, completion fluids, scale deposition, and wax or fines accumulation over the lifetime of production.

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Christian Welsh
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75 views

DL DP Ka Q: Darcy's Equation P P

This document discusses Darcy's equation for radial flow in porous media and its application to modeling inflow performance relationships (IPR) in oil reservoirs. It presents Darcy's equation, defines the variables, and describes its integration to model steady-state and pseudosteady-state flow regimes. It also discusses skin factor and how formation damage near the wellbore can impact pressure drop and flow rates. Common causes of skin damage include invasion of drilling muds, completion fluids, scale deposition, and wax or fines accumulation over the lifetime of production.

Uploaded by

Christian Welsh
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Inflow Performance Relationship

P1

Darcys Equation

kA dP
q
dL
A = 2rh

Substituting for A and integrating

P2

Inflow Performance Relationship


Darcys Equation for radial flow
re

Pe

q
dr k
dP

2kh r w r
Pw
q
k P
r
ln r re P Pe
w
2kh
w
re k P e Pw
q
ln
2kh rw

2kh Pe Pw
q
ln r e / rw

Inflow Performance Relationship


Darcys Equation for radial flow
In oilfield Units

7.08 x10 3 kh Pe Pw
q
0 B0 ln r e / rw

Q flow rate in stb/day


k permeability in millidarcies
h reservoir thickness in feet
Pe- Pressure at external boundary in psia
Pw- Pressure at wellbore
o- oil viscosity in centipoise
Bo- Oil Formation Volume Factor
re drainage radius (radius to external boundary) in feet
Rw wellbore radius

Inflow Performance Relationship


Flow regimes
Steady state flow

Inflow Performance Relationship


Flow regimes

Inflow Performance Relationship


Darcys Equation for pseudosteady state flow
In oilfield Units

7.08 x10 3 kh( Pe Pwf )

o B0

re 3
ln
rw 4

Q - Flow rate in stb/day


k - Permeability in millidarcies
H - Reservoir thickness in feet
Pe- Pressure at external boundary in psia
Pw- Pressure at wellbore
o- Oil viscosity in centipoise
Bo- Oil Formation Volume Factor
re - Drainage radius (radius to external boundary) in feet
Rw - Wellbore radius

Inflow Performance Relationship


Darcys Equation for pseudosteady state flow, including skin factor and turbulent flow
In oilfield Units

Q - Flow rate in stb/day


k - Permeability in millidarcies
H - Reservoir thickness in feet
Pe- Pressure at external boundary in psia
Pw- Pressure at wellbore
o- Oil viscosity in centipoise
Bo- Oil Formation Volume Factor
re - Drainage radius (radius to external boundary) in feet
Rw - Wellbore radius
S - Skin Factor
D - Turbulence Factor

Inflow Performance Relationship


Skin Damage

The area of the formation that is damaged because of the


invasion of foreign substances into the exposed section
of the formation adjacent to the wellbore during drilling
and completion.
A dimensionless estimation of obstruction to flow.
An undamaged well would have a skin of zero.
A damaged well has a positive skin above zero
and a stimulated well has a negative skin.

Inflow Performance Relationship


Skin Damage
Additional pressure drop due to reduced permeability in the damaged zone

Inflow Performance Relationship


Types of Skin Damage

Chemical swelling of clays due to contact with fresh water,


plugging pore throats
Mechanical Fines blocking pore throats
Formation damage can occur:
1.
2.
3.
4.

During drilling
During completion
During workover
During Production Phase

Inflow Performance Relationship


Types of Skin Damage

During Drilling
- Mud solids block pores, vugs, natural fractures
- Mud filtrate invasion swelling
- Pores, fractures may be sealed by action of the drill string
- Loss Circulation

plugging pore throats


Mechanical Fines blocking pore throats

Inflow Performance Relationship


Types of Skin Damage
During Completion / Workover
- Plugged Perforations from charge debris
- Poor quality completion fluid
- Incompatible fluids
- Scale deposition, pipe dope
During Production Phase
- Dirty packer fluid being dumped when pulling packer
- Chemical injection
- Precipitated scale
- Wax formation

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