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Bone Healing

The document summarizes the process of bone healing after a fracture, including potential complications. It describes the typical stages of fracture healing: (1) hematoma formation, (2) fibrocartilaginous callus, and (3) bony callus formation. Bone remodeling then occurs. Potential complications are classified as initial, early, or late stage and can be local or remote. Abnormal healing may result in malunion, delayed union, or non-union. Factors like age and location influence healing time. Both clinical and radiographic exams are used to assess the healing progress.

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Haziq Mars
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5K views18 pages

Bone Healing

The document summarizes the process of bone healing after a fracture, including potential complications. It describes the typical stages of fracture healing: (1) hematoma formation, (2) fibrocartilaginous callus, and (3) bony callus formation. Bone remodeling then occurs. Potential complications are classified as initial, early, or late stage and can be local or remote. Abnormal healing may result in malunion, delayed union, or non-union. Factors like age and location influence healing time. Both clinical and radiographic exams are used to assess the healing progress.

Uploaded by

Haziq Mars
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Bone Healing &

Complications
Henry Sangapta Christian Munthe
11-2013-191

Bone Healing
1. Fracture
hematoma
blood from broken
vessels forms a clot.
6-8 hours after
injury
swelling and
inflammation to
dead bone cells at
fracture site

2. Fibrocartilaginous
callus
(lasts about 3 weeks)
new capillaries
organise fracture
hematoma into
granulation tissue procallus
Fibroblasts and
osteogenic cells
invade procallus.
Make collagen fibres
which connect ends
together
Chondroblasts begin
to produce
fibrocatilage

3. Bony callus
(after 3 weeks
and lasts about
3-4 months)
osteoblasts
make woven
bone.

4. Bone Remodeling
Osteoclasts
remodel woven
bone into
compact bone
and trabecular
bone
Often no
trace of
fracture line on
X-rays.

Healing Time of a Fracture


The healing time of fractures is
extremely varied, but possible
considering the following important
factors: age, site and configuration,
initial displacement, blood supply to
the fracture fragments

Assessment of fracture healing


in patients
The state of union of a fracture assessed
by both clinical and radiographic
examination
The clinical examination consists of
applying bending, twisting, and
compression forces to the fracture
Compression forces done to determine
the presence or absence of movement
Radiographic examination reveals
evidence of bony callus.

Abnormal Healing of
Fractures
The healing of a given fracture may
be abnormal in one of three ways:
Malunion
Delayed union
Non union

Complications of Fractures
Classification of the complications:
Initial complications
Early complications
Late complications

Complications of Fractures
Initial (immediate) complications
Local complications

Skin Injuries
Vascular Injuries
Neurological Injuries
Visceral Injuries

Remote complications
Multiple injuries
Hemorrhagic shock

Complications of Fractures
Early Complications
Local complications
Sequelae of immediate complications
Joint complications
Bony complications

Remote complications

Fat embolism
Pulmonary embolism
Pneumonia
Tetanus
Delirium tremens

Osteomyelitis
Volkmanns Ischemic

Septic Arthritis

Complications of Fractures
Late Complications
Local Complications

Joint Complications
Bony Complications
Muscular Complications
Neurological Complications

Remote Complications
Renal Calculi
Accident Necrosis

General Principles of Fracture


Treatment
First, Do no harm
Base Treatment on an Accurate
Diagnosis and Prognosis
Select treatment with specific aims
Cooperate with the Laws of Nature
Make treatment realistic and practical
Select treatment for your patient as
an individual

Preliminary Care for Patients


with Fractures

Immediate care outside a hospital


Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Shock
Fractures and dislocations
Transportation
Emergency Care in a hospital

Specific Methods of Definitive


Fracture Treatment
Four basic goals of all fracture
treatment:
to relieve pain
to obtain and maintain satisfactory
position of the fracture fragments
to allow, and if necessary encourage,
bony union
to restore optimum function

Thank You

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