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Plant Tissues and Organs

This document summarizes plant tissues and organs. It discusses the three basic tissue types in flowering plants: dermal tissue which covers the plant surface, ground tissue for support, and vascular tissue for conduction. It describes the cells that make up these tissues. The document also outlines the three basic plant organs - roots which absorb water and minerals, stems which provide support and transport, and leaves which perform photosynthesis. It provides details on the structure and function of each organ.

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69 views51 pages

Plant Tissues and Organs

This document summarizes plant tissues and organs. It discusses the three basic tissue types in flowering plants: dermal tissue which covers the plant surface, ground tissue for support, and vascular tissue for conduction. It describes the cells that make up these tissues. The document also outlines the three basic plant organs - roots which absorb water and minerals, stems which provide support and transport, and leaves which perform photosynthesis. It provides details on the structure and function of each organ.

Uploaded by

Anonymous u7cQyr3QY
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Plant Tissues and Organs

Fig. 38.6

Tree basic organs:


-roots
-stems
-leaves
Vegetative growth:
-production
nonreproductive
leaves, stems and
roots

Fig. 38.4

Flowering plants have 3 basic tissue


types
Dermal
Cover surface of plant
Protection

Ground
Vascular
Conducting tissue

Dermal
Epidermis
epidermal cells

Periderm
cork cells

Ground tissue
Parenchyma cell with thin primary wall
Collenchyma cell with thick primary wall
Sclerenchyma cell with lignified
secondary walls lost their protoplasm at
maturity

Fig. 38.12a

Fig. 38.12b

Fig. 38.12c

Vascular Tissue
Xylem
Mostly to conduct water and nutrients
E.g., roots to shoots

Phloem
Mostly to conduct sugars, amino acids, etc.
E.g., leaves to roots or flowers

Basic Plant Morphology


TISSUES- a group of cells functioning together in some
specialized activity

MERISTEMS- a mass of self-perpetuating cells, which are


not yet committed to developing into a specialized cell type

Terminal meristems- ends of stems, branches and


roots
Axillary meristems- base of leaves, branches
Lateral meristems are parallel to sides of plant
parts and increase girth.

Meristem types
Primary
Apical Meristems

Secondary
Vascular cambium
Cork Cambium

Fig. 38.13a

Fig. 4.6

Fig. 38.13b

Fig. 38.14a

Fig. 38.14b

Vegetative Organs
Roots
Stems
Leaves

Function of roots
Anchor the plant
Absorb water and minerals from soil
Storage

Longitudinal section of roots


Root cap
Zone of cell division
Zone of cell
elongation
Zone of maturation

Cross section of root

Vascular bundle (Stele) = contains xylem and phloem


Cortex
Epidermis
Root hairs
Absorb water and minerals

Fig. 38.15

Fig. 38.21

Function of Stems
support leaves to maximize light absorption
part of conduit for transport of water,
minerals, and organic solutes
storage

Fig. 38.25a

Fig. 38.25b

Woody dicots
Discrete vascular bundles replaced by
continuous rings of xylem
Each ring is xylem produced during one
growing season
Vascular cambium

Fig. 38.7a

Fig. 38.7b

Stems: Secondary growth


Vascular tissue, (xylem) makes up the bulk of the stem
Form tree rings

Fig. 38.28a

Fig. 38.28b

Fig. 38.28c

Function of leaves
Main photosynthetic structure

Leaf parts
Blade
Petiole
Pair of stipules

Fig. 38.34

Fig. 38.8

Fig. 38.33

Fig. 38.30

Fig. 38.35

Fig. 39.1

Fig. 39.5

Figure 35.8a Modified leaves: Tendrils of pea plant

Figure 35.8b Modified leaves: Cacti spines

Figure 35.8c Modified leaves: Succulent leaves for storing water

Figure 35.8d Modified leaves: Brightly-colored leaves to attract pollinators

Monocotyledon
grasses
lilies, tulips
trees: palm

dicotyledon
roses, asters
grapes, beans
trees: oak, maple,

Comparison of monocots & dicots

Emerald Ash Borer


Emerald ash borer (EAB), Agrilus planipennis
Fairmaire, is an exotic beetle that was
discovered in southeastern Michigan near
Detroit in the summer of 2002. The adult
beetles nibble on ash foliage but cause little
damage. The larvae (the immature stage) feed
on the inner bark of ash trees, disrupting the
tree's ability to transport water and nutrients.
Emerald ash borer probably arrived in the
United States on solid wood packing material
carried in cargo ships or airplanes originating in
its native Asia. Emerald ash borer is also
established in Windsor, Ontario, was found in
Ohio in 2003 and northern Indiana in 2004.
Since its discovery, EAB has:
*killed more than 10 million trees
*cost 10s of millions of $

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