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Asphalt Presentation

This document discusses different types of asphalt binders and their uses. It explains that asphalt binder comes from petroleum crude oil and is a byproduct of oil refining, while tar is produced from coal. Both have different chemical properties. Asphalt binder is most commonly used today for paving applications due to health and performance advantages over tar. The document also describes different asphalt products including cutbacks, emulsions, and their applications. It provides background on the history of asphalt binder specifications and testing methods.

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Civilax.com
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636 views48 pages

Asphalt Presentation

This document discusses different types of asphalt binders and their uses. It explains that asphalt binder comes from petroleum crude oil and is a byproduct of oil refining, while tar is produced from coal. Both have different chemical properties. Asphalt binder is most commonly used today for paving applications due to health and performance advantages over tar. The document also describes different asphalt products including cutbacks, emulsions, and their applications. It provides background on the history of asphalt binder specifications and testing methods.

Uploaded by

Civilax.com
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 48

Types & Uses of Asphalt

Materials

Asphalt Binder

Types and Uses

Asphalt Binder

Types and Uses

Bitumen
Tar
(from coal)
road tar
coal tar

Asphalt Binder

Asphalt Binder
(from petroleum
crude)
asphaltic bitumen
asphaltic binder
Types and Uses

Asphalt binders and tar


Both are bitumen materials.
are used interchangeable due to misconceptions
resulting from their similarity in appearance and
in the parallel applications.
However, Both are two distinctly different
materials with different origins and different
physical and chemical characteristics.
Asphalt binders is a dark brown to black
cementitious material that is either naturally
occurring or is produced by petroleum
distillation.
Tar, on the other hand, is primarily manufactured
from the destructive distillation of coal and has a
very distinctive odor.
Asphalt Binder

Types and Uses

Today, Tar Hardly used in Paving


applications
High temperature susceptibility
Health hazards (eye and skin irritation
when exposed to fumes)

Asphalt Binder

Types and Uses

ASPHALTS
Asphalt Binders
Cutbacks
Emulsions

Asphalt Binder

Types and Uses

Hot Mix Asphalt


(HMA)
Asphalt concrete
Asphalt paving
mix
Asphalt mix
Asphalt

Asphalt Binder

Bituminous concrete
Bituminous paving
mix
Bituminous mix

Types and Uses

Asphalt Binder is
Generally
Produced in a
Refinery

Asphalt Binder

Types and Uses

Basics of Refining Crude Oil

Asphalt Binder

Types and Uses

Petroleum-Based Asphalt Binders


Asphalt binder is waste product
from refinery processing of crude
oil
Sometimes called the bottom of the
barrel
Gasoline

Properties depend on:


Refinery operations
Composition of crude sourcedependent

Kerosene
Lt. Gas Oil
Diesel
Motor Oils
Asphalt

Barrel of Crude Oil


Asphalt Binder

Types and Uses

10

Solvent Deasphalting
Asphalt Binders are broken down into
2 components:
Asphaltenes and resins
Oils
Blended to produce asphalt binders of
desired properties

Asphalt Binder

Types and Uses

11

Residuum Oil Supercritical


Extraction (Rose)
Asphalt binder is broken down into 3
components:
Asphaltenes
Resins
Oil
Blended to produce asphalt binder of
desired properties
the residuum is mixed with a low-boiling hydrocarbon
solvent (such as, normal pentane) under supercritical
conditions.
Asphalt Binder
Types and Uses
12

Asphalt Binder

Types and Uses

13

Asphalt Binder

Types and Uses

14

Asphalt Binder

Types and Uses

15

Asphalt Binder

Types and Uses

16

Asphalt Binder

Types and Uses

17

Asphalt Binder

Types and Uses

18

Asphalt Binder

Types and Uses

19

Cutback Asphalts
Rapid Curing (RC)
Asphalt + Naphtha

Surface Treatment
Tack Coat
RC - 30
RC - 70
RC - 250
RC - 800

Asphalt Binder

Medium Curing
(MC)

Slow Curing
(SC)

Asphalt + Kerosene

Asphalt +
Oil/diesel

Stockpile Patch
Prime Coat
MC - 30
MC - 70
MC - 250
MC - 800
Types and Uses

Stockpile Patch
Prime Coat
SC - 70
SC - 250
SC - 800
SC - 3000
20

COMPOSITION OF CUTBACK ASPHALTS


RC = Naphtha;
Oil

30

Asphalt Binder

70

MC = Kerosene SC = Light

250

Types and Uses

800

3000

21

CUTBACKS - USES
Rapid Curing
Tack coats
Surface treatments
Medium curing
Prime coats
Stockpile patching materials
Slow curing
Prime Coats
Stockpiling

Asphalt Binder

Types and Uses

22

EMULSIONS - MANUFACTURE

Asphalt Binder

Types and Uses

23

EMULSIONS - USES
Slow Setting (SS)
Prime coats, fog seals, dense-graded cold
mixes

Medium Setting (MS)


Open graded cold asphalt-aggregate
mixtures

Rapid Setting
Surface treatments, Tack coat
Asphalt Binder

Types and Uses

24

Asphalt Binder

Types and Uses

25

Asphalt Binder

Types and Uses

26

Asphalt Binder

Types and Uses

27

Asphalt Binder

Types and Uses

28

Asphalt Binder

Types and Uses

29

Asphalt Binder

Types and Uses

30

Asphalt Binder

Types and Uses

31

Asphalt Binders
Background
History of Specifications

Asphalt Binder

Types and Uses

32

Purchasing of Asphalt Binders


Need to be able to specify
desirable characteristics
Desirable characteristics have
evolved over time and with
increasing technological
advances
Purchasing requires
specifications
Asphalt Binder

Types and Uses

33

Early Specifications
Lake Asphalts
Appearance
Solubility in carbon disulfide

Petroleum asphalt binders (early


1900s)
Consistency
Chewing
Penetration machine
Measure consistency
Asphalt Binder

Types and Uses

34

Penetration Testing
Sewing machine needle
Specified load, time, temperature
Penetration in 0.1 mm

100 g

Initial
Asphalt Binder

After 5 seconds

Types and Uses

35

Penetration Specification
Five
Grades

Asphalt Binder

40 - 50
60 - 70
80 - 100
120 - 150
200 - 300
Types and Uses

36

Penetration Gradation
Specification
Uses penetration results to
specify
Adds
Flash point test
Ductility
Solubility
Thin film oven aging
Asphalt Binder

Penetration
DuctilityTypes and Uses

37

Flash Point (Safety)


Thermometer

Cup filled with


asphalt binder

Wand attached
to gas line
Asphalt Binder

Types and Uses

38

Ductility

Asphalt Binder

Types and Uses

39

Solubility (Purity)

Asphalt Binder

Types and Uses

40

Thin Film Oven


Pan

Outside of Oven
Asphalt Binder

Thermometer

Rotating Shelf
Types and Uses

41

Typical Penetration
Specifications
Penetration
Flash Point, F

40 - 50

200 - 300

450+

350+

Ductility, cm

100+

100+

Solubility, %

99.0+

99.0+

Retained Pen., %
Ductility, cm
Asphalt Binder

55+
NA
Types and Uses

37+
100+
42

Road Note 19 Guideline

Asphalt Binder

Types and Uses

43

Penetration, 0.1 mm

Medium

Low

High
25C (77F)
Temperature

Asphalt Binder

Types and Uses

44

Advantages
Grades asphalt binders near average inservice temp.
Fast
Can be used in field labs
Low capital costs
Precision well established
Temp. susceptibility can be determined
Asphalt Binder

Types and Uses

45

Disadvantages
Empirical test
Shear rate
High
Variable

Mixing and compaction temp.


information not available
Similar penetrations at 25C (77F)
do not reflect wide differences in
asphalts

Asphalt Binder

Types and Uses

46

Mixing/Compaction Temps
Viscosity 1.70.2 and 2.80.3

Viscosity, Pa s
10
5

1
.5
.3
.2
.1

Compaction Range
Mixing Range
100

110

120

130

140 150 160

170 180 190 200

Temperature, C
Asphalt Binder

Types and Uses

47

QUESTIONS?

Asphalt Binder

Types and Uses

48

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