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Axial Deformation 2

The document discusses axial deformation of bars under tension or compression. It defines key terms like strain, stress, modulus of elasticity, Poisson's ratio, and presents equations for relating applied load to deformation. Examples are included to demonstrate calculating stress, strain, modulus, and deformation of axially loaded members.

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ardiyansyah189
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60 views45 pages

Axial Deformation 2

The document discusses axial deformation of bars under tension or compression. It defines key terms like strain, stress, modulus of elasticity, Poisson's ratio, and presents equations for relating applied load to deformation. Examples are included to demonstrate calculating stress, strain, modulus, and deformation of axially loaded members.

Uploaded by

ardiyansyah189
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Axial Deformation

Chapter 5
Lecture 2

Fall 2002

Axially Loaded Bars

Fall 2002

Axially Loaded Bars

Fall 2002

Axially Loaded Bars

Strain Distribution

Axial deformation is characterized by


extensional strain that is not a function of
position in the cross section.
Fall 2002
Axially Loaded Bars
4

Strain-Displacement
Relationship
Final Length - Initial Length

Initial Length

Fall 2002

Axially Loaded Bars

Strain-Displacement
Relationship
x* x
x x lim

x 0
x

u x x u x
lim

x 0
x

du
x
dx
Fall 2002

Axially Loaded Bars

Strain-Displacement
Equation

du

dx
Fall 2002

Axially Loaded Bars

Strain-Displacement
Equation

L
Fall 2002

Axially Loaded Bars

Material Behavior
Assume linear elastic behavior:
x E x
E is a material property
called the modulus of
elasticity or Youngs
modulus.
Fall 2002

Axially Loaded Bars

Total Elongation
u L u 0
L

x dx
0

Fall 2002

Axially Loaded Bars

10

Summary
P x
x x
A x
P x
du

dx EA x

Axial Stress Formula


Axial Strain Formula

P x
e
dx
EA x
0
L

Axial Force-Deformation
Equation

P
u x u 0
d
EA
0
x

Fall 2002

Axially Loaded Bars

11

Uniform Axial Deformation

Fall 2002

Axially Loaded Bars

12

Uniform Axial Deformation


Force-Deformation Behavior.

F x 0 P x P constant
L
P x
P
PL

dx
dx

EA x
EA 0
EA
0
L

Fall 2002

Axially Loaded Bars

13

Uniform Axial Deformation

PL

EA
Fall 2002

Axially Loaded Bars

14

Flexibility
PL

fP
EA
L
f
flexibility coefficient
EA
Fall 2002

Axially Loaded Bars

15

Stiffness

PL

P k
EA
EA
k
stiffness coefficient
L
Fall 2002

Axially Loaded Bars

16

Definitions
1. The flexibility coefficient, f, is the
elongation produced when a unit force
is applied to the member. It has
dimensions of Length/Force (L/F )

2. The stiffness coefficient, k, is the force


required to produce a unit elongation
of the member. It has dimensions of
Force/Length (F/L)
Fall 2002

Axially Loaded Bars

17

Lateral Strain

Fall 2002

Axially Loaded Bars

18

Lateral Strain

lat

Fall 2002

dL dL

dL

Axially Loaded Bars

19

Lateral Strain

L 1 lat L
lat L L lat L
Fall 2002

Axially Loaded Bars

20

Lateral Strain

0 lat 0
0 lat 0
Fall 2002

Axially Loaded Bars

21

D 1 lat D
Fall 2002

Axially Loaded Bars

22

Poissons Ratio

lat

Greek letter nu is
the Poisson's Ratio
Fall 2002

Axially Loaded Bars

23

Poissons Ratio
Poisson's Ratio is a material property
just as the modulus of elasticity is.
0 0.5

Fall 2002

Axially Loaded Bars

24

Lateral Strain

lat
Fall 2002

EA

Axially Loaded Bars

25

Example

Fall 2002

Axially Loaded Bars

26

A prismatic bar with length L = 200 mm and a


circular cross section with a diameter D = 10 mm is
subjected to a tensile load P = 16 kN. The length
and diameter of the deformed bar are measured and
determined to be L = 200.60 mm and D = 9.99
mm. What are the modulus of elasticity and the
Poissons ratio for the bar?
Fall 2002
Axially Loaded Bars
27

Exampl
e

Stress:
P
16000 N

A .01m 2

203.7 MPa

Strain:
L L 200.60 mm 200 mm

0.003
L
200 mm
Lateral Strain
D D 9.99 mm 10 mm
lat

0.001
D
10 mm
Fall 2002

Axially Loaded Bars

28

Exampl
e

203.7 MPa
0.003
lat 0.001
203.7 MPa
E
67.9 GPa

0.003
0.001

lat

0.333

0.003

Fall 2002

Axially Loaded Bars

29

Example

Fall 2002

Axially Loaded Bars

30

Exampl
e

The bar has cross sectional area of A = 0.4 in 2


and a modulus of elasticity of E = 12 x 106 psi. If
a 10 kip force is applied downward at B how far
downward does point B move?
Fall 2002

Axially Loaded Bars

31

Exampl
e

Fall 2002

10 kip

Axially Loaded Bars

32

10 kip Psin 0

P 12.5 kip
Fall 2002

Axially Loaded Bars

33

P 12.5 kip
L 20 in

12500 lb 20 in

PL

EA

lb
2
12

10
0.4
in

2
in

Fall 2002

Axially Loaded Bars

0.0521in

34

20 in

Fall 2002

Axially Loaded Bars

35

12

16 v 20
2

32v v 40
small deformation approximation
2

v v
2

32v 40
v 0.0651 in
Fall 2002

Axially Loaded Bars

36

Example

Fall 2002

Axially Loaded Bars

37

Bars AB and AC each have a cross sectional


area A = 60 mm2 and a modulus of elasticity E
= 200 GPa The dimensions h = 200 mm If a
downward force F = 40 kN is applied at A what
is the resulting horizontal and vertical
displacements of point A?
Fall 2002

Axially Loaded Bars

38

40 kN

Fall 2002

Axially Loaded Bars

39

F
F

0 PAB cos 60o PAC cos 45o 0

0 PAB sin 60o PAC sin 45o 40kN 0

PAB 29.28 kN
PAC 20.70 kN

Fall 2002

Axially Loaded Bars

40

PAB 29.28 kN
PAC 20.70 kN
AB

PAB L AB

EA

AC

PAC L AC

EA

Fall 2002

0.2m
29280N
o
sin60

.000563m
9 N
200 10 2 6 10 5 m 2
m
0.2m
20700 N
o
sin45

.000487m
9 N
200 10 2 6 10 5 m 2
m

Axially Loaded Bars

41

sin60 v
o

AB

L
2

cos60 u
o

AB

L
2

AB

AB

2
2vL AB sin60o v 2 2L AB ucos60o u 2 2 ABL AB AB

v sin60o ucos60o AB

Fall 2002

Axially Loaded Bars

42

Fall 2002

Axially Loaded Bars

43

sin45 v
o

AC

L
2

cos45 u
o

AC

L
2

AC

AC

2vL AC sin45o v 2 2L ACucos45o u 2 2L AC 2AC


v sin45o ucos45o AC
Fall 2002

Axially Loaded Bars

44

AB 0.563mm
AC 0.487 mm
v sin60 ucos60 AB
o

v sin45 ucos45 AC
o

u 0.0250 mm
v 0.6652 mm
Fall 2002

Axially Loaded Bars

45

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