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Database SDLC

The document discusses the database development process for a case study of StayHome, a company that rents videos. It describes developing a three-schema architecture for the StayHome database, including gathering requirements to create an external schema defining different user views and an internal schema specifying system requirements. It also discusses approaches to database development, the systems development life cycle process, and client-server architectures for multi-user database management systems.

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Reggies Oluoch
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
208 views

Database SDLC

The document discusses the database development process for a case study of StayHome, a company that rents videos. It describes developing a three-schema architecture for the StayHome database, including gathering requirements to create an external schema defining different user views and an internal schema specifying system requirements. It also discusses approaches to database development, the systems development life cycle process, and client-server architectures for multi-user database management systems.

Uploaded by

Reggies Oluoch
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CH2 THE DATABASE DEVELOPMENT PROCESS

06/10/15

Compiled by L. Mutanu

CH2 THE DATABASE DEVELOPMENT PROCESS


Information Systems Architecture

This is a blueprint for organizations desired information systems


structure
It consists of:
Data - Enterprise Data Modelsimplified ER Diagram
Processes Data flow diagrams, process decomposition, etc.
Data Network topology diagram
People people/User management
Events - when processes are performed
Rules - Reasons for events and e.g. decision tables

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CH2 THE DATABASE DEVELOPMENT PROCESS

The StayHome case study

This case study describes a company called StayHome.


It rents out videos to its members.
The first branch of StayHome was established in 1982 in Seattle.
The company has now grown and has many branches throughout
the United States.

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CH2 THE DATABASE DEVELOPMENT PROCESS

StayHome staff registration form


StayHome however keeps data about its staff using the Ms word
form showed below.

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CH2 THE DATABASE DEVELOPMENT PROCESS

Every branch keeps a list of staff members as shown below

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Additionally a list of the videos kept in a branch is also


maintained

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CH2 THE DATABASE DEVELOPMENT PROCESS

When a new member joins StayHome they fill in the


registration form below

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CH2 THE DATABASE DEVELOPMENT PROCESS

A list of members in the branch is also maintained

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When a member rents a video the following information is


kept

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CH2 THE DATABASE DEVELOPMENT PROCESS

You have been asked to develop a DBMS for


Stay Home.

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CH2 THE DATABASE DEVELOPMENT PROCESS


Approaches to Database Development
SDLC - System Development Life Cycle
Detailed, well-planned development process
Time-consuming, but comprehensive
Prototyping - Rapid application development (RAD)
Defines database during development of initial prototype
Repetition of implementation and testing activities with new
prototype versions

Compiled by L. Mutanu

CH2 THE DATABASE DEVELOPMENT PROCESS

Systems Development Life Cycle

Planning
Analysis
Logical Design
Physical Design
Implementation
Maintenance
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CH2 THE DATABASE DEVELOPMENT PROCESS


Systems Development Life Cycle
Purposepreliminary understanding
of the system

Planning
Planning

Analysis
Logical Design
Physical Design
Implementation
Database activity enterprise modeling
(Processes/Activities?)
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Maintenance

CH2 THE DATABASE DEVELOPMENT PROCESS

StayHome case study database planning


Defines the major aims of the database system.
specifies, in general terms, the work to be done, the resources
with which to do it, and the money to pay for it all.

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CH2 THE DATABASE DEVELOPMENT PROCESS

Systems Development Life Cycle


Purpose Identify possible solution and select
the best .

Planning
Analysis
Analysis

Logical Design
Physical Design
Database activityconceptual data
modeling (What Data?)

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Implementation
Maintenance

CH2 THE DATABASE DEVELOPMENT PROCESS

StayHome case study Analysis

What data will the database have? Identify


entities.
Branches
Staff
Video
Members
Rentals
Suppliers
Supplier Orders

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CH2 THE DATABASE DEVELOPMENT PROCESS


Systems Development Life Cycle
Purpose Creation on paper or with CASE tools

Planning
Analysis

Logical Design
Logical
Design

Physical Design
Database activity design
transactions, forms, displays, views,
data integrity and security
How is data manipulated?
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Implementation
Maintenance

CH2 THE DATABASE DEVELOPMENT PROCESS

StayHome Case Study Logical Design

What activities will be conducted on the data?


Maintaining/Edit Enter, Update and Delete
Querying Searching for analysis
Reporting - For Decision making purposes

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CH2 THE DATABASE DEVELOPMENT PROCESS


Systems Development Life Cycle
Purpose Identify and acquire
technology

Planning
Analysis

Logical Design
Physical
PhysicalDesign
Design
Database activity physical database
design (define database to DBMS,
physical data organization, database
processing programs)
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Implementation
Maintenance

CH2 THE DATABASE DEVELOPMENT PROCESS

StayHome Case Study Physical Design

CASE Tools?
Open Source? Commercial DBMS?
In house development? Outsource?
Which DBMS/Application?

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CH2 THE DATABASE DEVELOPMENT PROCESS


Systems Development Life Cycle
Purposeprogramming, testing, training,
installation, documenting

Planning
Analysis
Logical Design
Physical Design
Implementation
Implementation
Database activity writing, coded
programs, documentation, installation and
conversion
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Maintenance

CH2 THE DATABASE DEVELOPMENT PROCESS


Systems Development Life Cycle

Purposemonitor, repair, enhance

Planning
Analysis

Logical Design
Physical Design
Implementation
Database activity
database maintenance, tuning, error
corrections
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Maintenance
Maintenance

CH2 THE DATABASE DEVELOPMENT PROCESS


Prototyping Database Methodology

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CH2 THE DATABASE DEVELOPMENT PROCESS


Database Schema
The schema of a database system is its structure. In a relational
database, the schema defines the tables, the fields, relationships,
etc.
The Three-Schema Architecture is the most popular. It contains:
External Schema - User Views. Determined from businessfunction/data entity matrices. It is a subsets of Conceptual
Schema
Conceptual Schema Data administrators view. Combines
different external views into a single view.
Internal Schema This is the underlying design and
implementation . It consists of two different schemas:
Logical structures Shows the data structure
Physical structures Shows how the data is stored
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Compiled by L. Mutanu

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DataIndependence
LogicalDataIndependenceReferstoimmunityofexternal
schemastochangesinconceptualschema.Conceptualschema
changes(e.g.addition/removalofentities)shouldnotrequire
changestoexternalschemaorrewritesofapplicationprograms.
PhysicalDataIndependenceReferstoimmunityofconceptual
schematochangesintheinternalschema.Internalschemachanges
(e.g.usingdifferentfileorganizations,storagestructures/devices).
Shouldnotrequirechangetoconceptualorexternalschemas.

Compiled by L. Mutanu

CH2 THE DATABASE DEVELOPMENT PROCESS

Compiled by L. Mutanu

CH2 THE DATABASE DEVELOPMENT PROCESS

TheThreeLevelArchitectureoffersthefollowingbenefits:
Allusersshouldbeabletoaccesssamedata.
Ausersviewisimmunetochangesmadeinotherviews.
Usersdonotneedtoknowphysicaldatabasestoragedetails.

Compiled by L. Mutanu

CH2 THE DATABASE DEVELOPMENT PROCESS

Developing three-schema architecture for a database

Compiled by L. Mutanu

CH2 THE DATABASE DEVELOPMENT PROCESS

StayHome case study External Schema


Gather more details on user views to create users requirements
specification, which describes data to be held in database and how
data is to be used.
Which are the different users of the system?
What data do they want?
What can they do with the data; Edit, Query or simply view?

Overall Manager
Branch supervisors
Customer
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CRUD Matrix

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StayHome case study Internal Schema


Collect general requirements to create the system - systems
specification
Describes features to be included in new database system such as
networking, shared access, performance, and security
requirements.

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MultiUserDBMSArchitectures
1.
2.
3.

Teleprocessing
Fileserver
Clientserver

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1.Teleprocessing

Traditionalarchitecture.Wasasinglemainframewithanumber
ofterminalsattached.

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2.FileServer
Fileserverisconnectedtoseveralworkstationsacrossanetwork.
Thedatabaseresidesonfileserver.DBMSandapplicationsrunon
eachworkstation.
Disadvantagesinclude:
Significantnetworktraffic.
CopyofDBMSoneach
workstation.
Concurrencycontrolmore
complex.

Compiled by L. Mutanu

CH2 THE DATABASE DEVELOPMENT PROCESS


3.ClientServer
ServerholdsthedatabaseandtheDBMS.
Clientmanagesandrunsapplications.
Advantagesinclude:
wideraccesstoexistingdatabases;
increasedperformance;
possiblereductioninhardwarecosts;
reductionincommunicationcosts;
increasedconsistency.

Compiled by L. Mutanu

CH2 THE DATABASE DEVELOPMENT PROCESS

Three-tiered Client-Server Database Architecture

Compiled by L. Mutanu

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StayHome case study DBMS Architecture


Decide how to manage a project where database system
has more than one user view.

Compiled by L. Mutanu

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