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8051 Memory Organization

The document discusses memory organization in the 8051 microcontroller. It has separate address spaces for program memory, data memory, and external RAM. Program memory can be internal or external and varies in size depending on the device, from 4K bytes to 16K bytes. Data memory includes 128 bytes of internal RAM as well as special function registers. External memory up to 64K bytes is accessed using MOVX instructions. The memory spaces have different widths and addresses are used to determine the specific memory location accessed.

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Hiru Purushothaman Hirudayanathan
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
338 views

8051 Memory Organization

The document discusses memory organization in the 8051 microcontroller. It has separate address spaces for program memory, data memory, and external RAM. Program memory can be internal or external and varies in size depending on the device, from 4K bytes to 16K bytes. Data memory includes 128 bytes of internal RAM as well as special function registers. External memory up to 64K bytes is accessed using MOVX instructions. The memory spaces have different widths and addresses are used to determine the specific memory location accessed.

Uploaded by

Hiru Purushothaman Hirudayanathan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Memory mapping in 8051

ROM memory map in


8051 family
4k

0000H

8k

0000H

32k

0000H

0FFFH

DS5000-32

8051

1FFFH

from Atmel
Corporation

8752

7FFFH

from Dallas
Semiconductor

RAM memory space allocation


in the 8051
7FH
Scratch pad RAM

30H
2FH
Bit-Addressable RAM
20H
1FH
18H
17H
10H
0FH
08H
07H
00H

Register Bank 3
Register Bank 2
Register Bank 1( Stack)
Register Bank 0

Memory Organization

The 8051 has separate address spaces


for Program Memory, Data Memory, and
external RAM.
This is referred to as a Harvard
architecture.
Both program memory and external data
memory are 8 bits wide and use 16 bits
of address. The internal data memory is
accessed using an 8-bit address.
Since the same address can refer to
different locations, the specific location
is determined by the type of instruction.

Program or Code
Memory

May consist of internal or external program memory. The amount


of internal program memory varies depending on the device.
4K bytes typical in older devices.
The Silicon Labs C8051F310 contains 16K of flash memory for
programs.
The Silicon Labs C8051F020 which is on the University
Daughter Card (UDC) contains 4K bytes of program memory.
The MOVC instruction can be use to read code memory.
To reference code memory I will use the notation:
CM = CM(0,,FFFFH) = CM(0,,FFFFH; 7,,0)
This notation can be used to specify particular bits and bytes of
code memory.
For example CM(1234H) refers to the byte of code memory at
address 1234H. CM(1234H;7) refers to the most significant bit in
that address.

MOVC A,@A + DPTR ;A CM(A+DPTR)


MOVC A,@A + PC
;A CM(A+PC)

CM

PC = PC(15..0)
DPTR = DPTR(15..0)

External Memory

Supports up to 64K bytes external memory.

XM(0000,,FFFF)
= XM(0000,,FFFF; 7,,0)
Accessed by using the MOVX instruction.

On the original using external memory


reduces number of available I/O ports.
On some new devices this is not the case.

For example in C8051F020 64K bytes of external


memory has been included in the chip.
The 4 standard 8051 ports are available and
three additional ports have been added.
MOVX A,@DPTR
;A XM(DPTR)
MOVX A,@Rn
;A XM(P2|Rn)
MOVX @DPTR,A
;XM(DPTR) A
MOVX @Rn,A
;XM(P2|Rn) A

Data Memory

The original 8051 had 128 bytes of on-chip data RAM.

DM(80,,FF) contains the special function registers


such as I/O ports, timers, UART, etc.

This memory includes 4 banks of general purpose registers at


DM(00..1F)
Only one bank can be active at a time.
If all four banks are used, DM(20..7F) is available for program
data.
DM(20..2F) is bit addressable as BADM(00..7F).

Some of these are bit addressable using BADM(80..FF)

On newer versions of the 8051, DM(80,,FF) is also use


as data memory. Thus, the special functions registers
and data memory occupy the same address space. Which
is accessed is determined by the instruction being used.

MOV A,0A2H

XM

MOV R1,#0A2H
MOV A@R1

MOV A,62H

DM

MOV R1,#62H
MOV A@R1

Data memory

Data Memory (DM)

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