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Network Analysis Through Drive Test

This document provides information about network analysis through drive testing. It discusses the purpose of network analysis to find and correct problems and meet quality criteria. The network analysis process involves dividing the area into clusters and collecting traffic statistics, drive test data, and customer complaints. Common network issues like coverage problems, quality issues, handover problems, and hardware faults are described. Two case studies analyzing specific network problems through drive testing are also included.

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100% found this document useful (1 vote)
115 views

Network Analysis Through Drive Test

This document provides information about network analysis through drive testing. It discusses the purpose of network analysis to find and correct problems and meet quality criteria. The network analysis process involves dividing the area into clusters and collecting traffic statistics, drive test data, and customer complaints. Common network issues like coverage problems, quality issues, handover problems, and hardware faults are described. Two case studies analyzing specific network problems through drive testing are also included.

Uploaded by

reza56m
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 37

Security Level:

05/04/15

Network Analysis
through Drive Test
www.huawei.com

Instructor : Mudassir Abbas Shah

Huawei ID 75971
RF Optimization Engineer
21st February 2008
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

Huawei Confidential

Contents
Purpose and Scope of Network Analysis
How to Analyze the Network
Network Analysis Flow
Drive Test
Network problem identification
Hardware problem detection
Case Studies

Purpose and Scope of Network


Analysis

Finding and correcting any existing problems after site


implementation and integration.

Meeting the network quality criteria agreed in the contract.


The results of Network Investigation forms the base for the
network optimization.

Area of interest is divided in smaller areas called clusters to make


optimization and follow up processes easier to handle.

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

Huawei Confidential

Page 3

How to Analyze the Network ?


1.

Traffic Statistical Data

Traffic Volume

Call Establishment Failure Rate

Call Setup Success Rate

Handover Success Rate

TCH Call Drop Rate

TCH Congestion

2.

Drive Test Data

3.

Complaints by the customers /Suggestions by the Engineers.

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

Huawei Confidential

Page 4

Network analysis Flow Chart

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

Huawei Confidential

Page 5

Drive Test

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

Huawei Confidential

Page 6

Network Problem Identification

Inactive Radio network features like frequency hopping

Disabled GPRS

Coverage Problems

Overshooting sites

C/I and C/A analysis

Quality Problems

Handover Problems

Faulty TRXs

Sector Swap

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

Huawei Confidential

Page 7

Tems Information

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

Huawei Confidential

Page 8

Coverage Problems
Low signal Level

Very few Sites in the Area.

Different types of terrain structures.

C/I affected by drop of signal level.

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

Huawei Confidential

Page 9

Coverage Problems Contd


Same Cell in the Neighbor list

Same cell always popping as the second strongest neighbor .

Overshooting coverage of a cell.

Rx levels too close to each other

Overlapping coverage of two or more cells

Can be reduced by Changing the Transmit power ,Down tilts.

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

Huawei Confidential

Page 10

Coverage Problems Contd


Drop Calls due to Bad Coverage

Signal levels goes below the minimum Signal level required to


Carry on a call.

This level is much lower than the Access Min Level required to
Access the network.

Access Failures due to Bad Coverage

Rx Level goes Below the ACC MIN


ACC MIN -104dbm depending upon the sensitivity levels of
equipment.

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

Huawei Confidential

Page 11

Possible Solutions to Coverage


Problems

Addition of New Sites

Sector Addition
Repeater Option

Repeater can also become a source of interference the received signal


level in the repeater must be -80 dbm so it can be amplified or
retransmitted.

Check Hardware Attenuation

Faulty Feeders/Jumpers, Faulty TRxs,reduced TRx power


Azimuths, Types of antennas.
Putting higher gain antennas, increased output power, changing
orientations towards desired areas, reducing down tilts and use of
diversity gain can help in improving coverage.

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

Huawei Confidential

Page 12

Overshooting sites

MS is stuck in an overshooting cell Which is far away. MS can not


Handover to an other cell because this overshooting cell was not
defined as a neighboring cell in the cell nearby as expected.

How to get out of this overshooting cell ?

The only way to get out of this overshooting cell and restart calls
on nearby cells will be possible when the call is dropped

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

Huawei Confidential

Page 13

C/I Carrier to Interference


Ratio

The Ratio B/W carrier and interferer is caused by carriers with the same
frequency present in other cells.
C/I > 9 dB

However in modern GSM the C/I value must be greater than 12 dB.

In TEMS an acceptable value of C/I is ranging from 20 to 25 and a bad


C/I
~ C/I > 9 dB Frequency Hopping
~ C/I> 12 dB No Frequency Hopping used.

~ Reasons for High C/I


~ Low Rx Levels
~ Collusion of Frequencies with neighbor cell MAIO frequencies.

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

Huawei Confidential

Page 14

Adjacent Frequency Suppression Ratio


C/A

The Primary interference issue addressed in Frequency planning


is Carrier to Interference ratio C/I.

There are cases where the adjacent channels are used in


neighboring cells resulting in bad Speech quality and some times
even Handover failures.

According to GSM standards C/A must be greater than -9 dB

During cell planning the aim should be to keep the C/A target
higher than 3 dB.

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

Huawei Confidential

Page 15

Quality Problems

Bad Quality due to Time Dispersion

Delay more than 15 ms.

TA is too high even the mobile is closer to the site.

C/R must be larger than 9 dB.

More C/R resulting in bad quality.

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

Huawei Confidential

Page 16

Bad Quality Due to Signal Strength


As the Rx Level drops the Quality of the call becomes worse being
effected by low C/I and fading.

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

Huawei Confidential

Page 17

Handover Problems
Late Handovers

High Rx Lev ,PBGT handover margins

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

Huawei Confidential

Page 18

Handovers Problems Contd


Ping Pong Handovers

Several Handovers between two cells.

Why Ping Pong Handovers ?

Rx Levels of Serving and many neighboring cells are almost the


same.

Two many cells having overlapping coverage.

Incorrect Handover margins.

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

Huawei Confidential

Page 19

Handover Problems Contd


Missing Neighbor Relationship

If the Handover is not preformed to a neighboring cell


that seems the best server.

If the Handover takes place in one direction but not in the second
direction.

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

Huawei Confidential

Page 20

Handover Problems Contd


Fake Neighbor Relationship

Good Handover Candidate and still no handover why?

The Network send the BCCH of the neighboring cells to the MS if


the MS finds an other cell having the same BCCH it appears in the
neighbor list of the Mobile.

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

Huawei Confidential

Page 21

Handover Failures

Reasons for Handover Failures can be high traffic ,Congestion,


low signal strength or bad quality on target cell.

However repeated Handover failures are caused by hardware


problems in the target cell ,more likely TRx or Time slot problem.

When a handover failure occurs the MS attempts to camp on the


old BCCH, if it cannot call drop occurs.

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

Huawei Confidential

Page 22

Faulty TRXs

In a drive test the easiest way to check the TRXs is to lock all the
TRXs except the one which has to be checked from the OMC.
In the same way each time slot of each TRX can be checked.
But the above solution is not always a feasible one as locking off the
TRXs during day time in an urban area is not an affordable option.
The solution to this problem can be to make call tests and check
the TRXs according to MAIOs.
To check the GSM 1800 MAIOs we must go close to the site and
make test calls until we check all the MAIOs.If a certain MAIO is not
found we must contact the OMC representative to check the status
of channels on that TRX if the channels are in active state that
means the TRX channels are busy.

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

Huawei Confidential

Page 23

Sector Swap

Some times we see the strong coverage of one cell in the direction of
the other cell such that one gets a feeling as if the antenna orientation
data in the Tems cell file and in our data base is not correct.
If the antenna orientation in our cell file is correct then why do we see
such coverage pattern ?
The Reason for such coverage pattern can be the phenomenon of
Sector Swap.
In sector swap the feeder cables for a particular cell gets swapped
with the
Feeder cables of some other cells .
In this way we get the BCCH of some other cell in the coverage area of
some other cell.

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

Huawei Confidential

Page 24

Case Study 1

A Drive test of Rawalpindi citys cluster was conducted on 10 th


May 2007 to check the quality of service. So the DT was
conducted with long calls.

Some Bad quality patches were found ,the reason for was found
to be low value of C/I . Two dropped Calls and four Blocked calls
were also found.

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

Huawei Confidential

Page 25

Case Study 1 (Continued)

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

Huawei Confidential

Page 26

Rx Level Case Study 1


(Continued)

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

Huawei Confidential

Page 27

Rx Quality Case Study 1


Continued

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

Huawei Confidential

Page 28

Carrier to interference ratio

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

Huawei Confidential

Page 29

BCCH Plot

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

Huawei Confidential

Page 30

Dropped Calls

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

Huawei Confidential

Page 31

Blocked Calls

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

Huawei Confidential

Page 32

Handover Failure

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

Huawei Confidential

Page 33

Case Study 2

There were complaints of coverage problem at the Garhi dopatta site in


Muzaffarabad A.J.K. The Customer SCO had complained that the
coverage of the sector 2 i.e. SCOBS042 had reduced considerably and
also there were lots of coverage holes in the area.

The site is a bisector site and is installed on Muzaffarabad-Srinagar


Highway some 40 Kms from Muzaffarabad. The Terrain is highly
mountainous and is quite difficult for site planning purposes.

Drive test was Conducted to check the state of the sites Coverage.

After DT the Azimuths and tilts of the site were adjusted.

The site showed marked improvement in coverage.

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

Huawei Confidential

Page 34

Case Study 2

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

Huawei Confidential

Page 35

Case Study 2

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

Huawei Confidential

Page 36

Thank You
www.huawei.com

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