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Best Practices for Oracle Database and

Client Deployment on Windows
Alex Keh
Principal Product Manager, Oracle

Scott Jesse
Senior Manager, RAC Assurance

Program Agenda

General Deployment
Patching
Client Deployment
Server Deployment
New 11.2 Install and Deployment Features
RAC Deployment

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General Deployment

General Deployment Options

Oracle Universal Installer (OUI)
GUI-driven install
Great for individual database and client deployments
Can be interactive with a pre-defined response file

Silent install
Automate the installation and configuration fully or partially
Can be pushed with Microsoft SMS or other install products
For large scale database and client deployments

Enterprise Manager Grid Control

Highly recommended for database deployments
Great for large scale deployments

OUI Interactive Mode

Normal interactive install
Interactive install with input fields defaulted to predefined values
Admin defines defaults in the response file
Setup.exe <response file>

Response Files

Generating response files

Run OUI interactively and record a response file
Setup.exe -record -destinationFile <response_file>
Generates .RSP file
Customize existing response file via text editor
.RSP file is a text file

Dont use response files generated by older Oracle

installers
Generally best to use the response file from version planned
to deploy

Silent Install
Unattended installs
Great for ISV packaging and large-scale deployments

Silent mode
No screen prompts
Setup.exe -silent <response file>

Microsoft Systems Management Server

Change and configuration management for the
Microsoft platform
Provide relevant software and updates to users
quickly and cost-effectively
Used to deploy patches and application upgrades for
multiple installs

Multiple Oracle Deployment with SMS

SMS steps to build an installable software image

Take a snapshot of a build machine without the software
installed
Install Oracle and bundled patches
Take another snapshot with new software installed

Use SMS to push installation image to target

computers
Ensure targets start from a consistent base image

Works with Oracle database clients, servers, and

RAC

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Patching

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Oracle Patching
Patchset (e.g. 10.2.0.x)
Accumulation of bundled patches since last patchset plus
some additional fixes
No architecture changes and new functionality is rare
12 month release cycle
Very well-tested

Bundled patch (e.g. 10.2.0.5.x)

Each patch is cumulative
Accumulation of bundled patches, PSUs, and bug fixes
since last patchset
Around every 2 weeks release cycle
Well-tested

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Oracle Patching
One-off patch
Provided for P1s on top of last PSU within the last six months
Not intended to be a long term fix
Limited testing

Fixes included in one of the next two patch releases

If patch backport needed, request it and provide
justification
Unix patching different from Windows
Unix has more one-offs because DBAs compile fixes into
existing Oracle deployment
This is atypical for Windows admins, which is why Oracle has
bundled patches on Windows

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Oracle Security CPUs

Published once a quarter
Security fixes only
If applying only one set of patches, these are the
most highly recommended
Recommended Procedure
1. Install latest Oracle patch
2. Apply security CPU on top

CPU built on top of the latest Oracle patch

Oracle patches contain cumulative security CPU fixes

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Patching Best Practices

Make plans to test and apply future patchsets
At minimum, apply CPU patches released quarterly
If encountering possible bug, apply latest patchset
and fifth-digit patch available
Eliminates known issues first

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OPatch
OPatch is an Oracle-supplied utility

Assists with applying interim patches

Roll back interim patches if necessary
For database clients, servers, and RAC
Make sure to use the latest OPatch version

Easy to use
Uses Oracle inventory
For OUI-based Oracle Homes

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Client Deployment

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Instant Client (IC)

Package of binaries

Provides additional deployment options for ISVs

and for large scale deployments

Zip file
Install done manually or through a third-party installer
easily
Lots of control of the installation process

Includes features that make these deployments easier

No functionality difference between IC and standard

client components

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Instant Client Benefits

Greater control over install process

Xcopy

Fine grain control over installation process

Great for large scale deployments or ISV packaging

OUI

Great individual deployments

Xcopy smallest install size

Xcopy fast client deployment

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Instant Client XCopy Deployment Install process

Step 1: Unzip and copy IC files to disk

Step 2: Run install.bat

Provide parameters specifying product(s) to install, Oracle

Home name, and target location

Step 3: Add installation directories to Windows PATH

Step 4: Modify NLS_LANG to desired locale

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Instant Client XCopy Components

JDBC-OCI
ODP.NET
ODBC
Oracle Provider for OLE DB
Oracle Services for MTS
SQL*Plus
Oracle Providers for ASP.NET
OCI
OCCI
OO4O
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Managing Database Connect Identifiers

Centralize identifiers for all machines

Central file server one TNS Names file to be referenced

Directory server single centralized repository

Oracle Virtual Directory, Internet Directory, or Active Directory

One identifier file per machine

Maintain tnsnames.ora file on each machine

TNS_ADMIN parameter sets files directory location

Maintain identifier within application

Easy Connect naming method

No TNS file needs to be maintained

Specify server host, port, and service name in conn. string

Best for testing and development, not for deployment

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Working with Multiple Oracle Homes

Multiple Oracle Homes (MOH) that are defined on the

same computer are:

Necessary to support multiple Oracle applications on the

same machine
E.g. packaged software
Helpful in testing, upgrading, and migrating production
databases and clients

Installed in different directories, for example:

Oracle 10.2.0: d:\oracle10\ora102

Oracle 11.0.0: d:\oracle11\ora110

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Managing Multiple Oracle Homes with Standard

Oracle Client Software
Oracle client DLLs are loaded using Windows Path
setting
Use separate processes for different Oracle clients
Web (IIS) solution
IIS supports separate worker processes in same instance
In IIS 6 for Windows Server 2003 and higher
SetDllDirectory for each process

Client/Server solution
As each application starts up, set the PATH to point to the
applications Oracle Home

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Managing Multiple Oracle Homes in .NET

Solution for ODP.NET 10.2.0.4 and higher

ODP.NET reads .NET config files for unmanaged client DLL
location
Each app can use different Oracle unmanaged client DLLs
even when same ODP.NET managed version is used

DLL search order

1. Current application directory

2. Application config or web.config
3. Machine.config
4. Windows Registry
HKLM\Software\Oracle\ODP.NET\<version>\DllPath
5. Windows System Path setting

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Server Deployment

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Database Cloning
Exact copy of an existing database
Great for creating a duplicate database for dev, test, and
production
Cloning databases saves time and effort and reduces
errors
Clones include patches and configuration already applied
Clone Oracle homes or instances
Can be used by system admins, ISVs, SI solutions, etc.

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Database Cloning Options

Clone using Enterprise Manager

Ideal for cloning within a large organization and hosted DBs

Hot cloning with no downtime of source DB
Works well for large DBs
Can be used with features like "Convert to RAC" to do RAC to
RAC cloning *OR* moving to RAC.
Advantage: easy to use

Clone using Database Configuration Assistant (DBCA)

Ideal for ISVs or distributing standardized DBs across enterprise
Advantage: more flexibility and control

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Database Cloning Options

Manually cloning
Not recommended
Provides even more complete control
Now simpler with "RMAN Duplicate"

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Enterprise Manager Database Cloning

Web based wizard
Select existing Oracle Home and point where GC
should clone the database
One to one server

Clone from live database or existing backups

Can be scheduled to run at a future time
Once cloned, alerts, metrics, patches, etc. will be setup
automatically
Admins can add their own custom jobs or application changes

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DBCA Database Cloning

DBCA creates DB templates, which can have:
Seed includes datafiles and structure
Nonseed no datafiles, just structure
Modify existing templates

Create RAC or single instance DB with same template

DBCA records DB creation and saves templates
XML file scripts with database creation information

Package and transfer templates to target system

manually
Greater control over DB clone
Modify settings via DBCA
Change initialization parameters, storage parameters, apply
custom scripts, security settings, automated maintenance tasks,
backup and recovery settings, etc.

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New Install Features

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Full Install for Patchsets

New
i
11.2 n

Fast and easier install of Patchsets

No need to install base release first and then upgrade to a
patchset

Out-of-place Server Upgrade

Improved customer experience

Improved testing
Less downtime and safer
Direct database upgrade from previous releases
DB upgrade can be done one instance at a time
In-place Server upgrade not recommended

Client upgrade
Flexibility for both in-place and out-of-place upgrade

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Software Updates and Deinstall

New
i
11.2 n

Software Updates Option

Dynamically download and apply software updates as part of
DB installation
Download updates separately and later apply during install

Deinstall
Clean deinstall
Script also available from OTN
Can be used to clean up after partial install or deinstall

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Online Patching

New
i
11.2 n

Patch installation and removal without downtime

Do not need to bring DB instance down.

Specially packaged shared library

Contains replacements for some of the product
functions.

OPatch used to install online patches in customers

environment
Supported on both Windows 32-bit and x64.

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RAC Deployment

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Real Applications Clusters

Use RAC for scalability and High Availability
Add instances against same database files providing more
Oracle processes and increasing number of users
Provides unique scalability on Windows that no other vendor
offers
Node & Database instance no longer represent single point of
failure

Clustered databases supported on Windows platforms

since version 7.3.4
Oracle provides platform independent Oracle
Clusterware as part of Oracle Grid Infrasatructure to
handle failover of services to surviving nodes.

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Hardware
Traditional Picture of a 2 node Cluster
Public Network

Nod
e

Network
Interconnect
Network
Interconnect

Nod
e

SAN
SAN

Ensure No Single Point of Failure

Storage Devices

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Oracle Database 11g Release 2

Simplified Provisioning
New intelligent installer
40% fewer steps to install RAC
App
Servers

Nodes can be easily repurposed

SCAN--Single cluster-wide alias for
database connections simplifies
connections
Clients need not be aware of cluster
configuration changes

DW

RAC One

RAC Assurance Starter Kit:

Note#811271.1
Step-by-Step install cookbook
System Test Plan Outline
Basic Artificial Load Test

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Operating System Considerations

Same operating System on all nodes

Do not mix versions except during rolling upgrades
(for short periods)

Nod
e

Recommend Windows 2008

11gR1 Supports Windows 2008 R1
11gR2 Supports Windows 2008 R2

If using Windows 2003

Both 11gR1 and R2 support Windows 2003
Use at least SP2 (see MoS Note 464683.1)
Also use caution with Large Pages
Large Pages provide faster memory access
Can result in longer DB startup times
(See Note #862690.1)

Oracle
Software
Operating
System

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Network Considerations
Adapters should have the same name
on each node
Each node should have
* Public IP
* Interconnect IP (Private IP)
** Virtual IP
**Scan VIP (11gR2) is Clusterwide

Binding order the same on all nodes

* Public & Interconnect should be live at start
of install
** VIP and SCAN VIP must not be live at
install
Interconnect
Oracle uses TCP/IP between nodes (not UDP)
Enable Jumbo Frames for best performance
Disable TCP Offload Engine and Receive Side
Scaling Note#988008.1
Infiniband is supported 10gigE cert underway
Team the interconnect adapters

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Oracle Database 11g Release 2

SOA
IMDB
OC4J
APACHE
Siebel
Web

DW
ODS

PSFT
EBS

Automatic Storage Managemen t

Automatic Storage Management (ASM)

The foundation for Grid
Storage

File
System
Binaries
OCR &
Voting Files

DB
Datafiles

Easier to manage than

file systems
Reduces storage costs
Provides best
performance
New
i
Stores all data
11.2 n

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Storage

Oracle Clusterware and RAC requires Shared everything access

to storage
Windows Basic disks
Dynamic disks are not supported

AUTOMOUNT must be enabled on all nodes

DISKPART> AUTOMOUNT ENABLE
Windows 2008 Create Partitions via Diskpart
Rescan disks on remote nodes after partition creation
Remove drive letters from remote nodes
Recommend ASM for Clusterware Files (OCR and Votedsk)
Use ACFS for files that cannot be stored in ASM

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Stores All Data

ASM Cluster File System (ACFS)

SOA
IMDB
OC4J
APACHE
Siebel
Web

PSFT
EBS
File
System

DW
ODS

Binaries
OCR &
Voting Files

DB
Datafiles

New
i
11.2 n

General purpose scalable file

system
Accessible through NAS
protocols (NFS, CIFS)
Multi OS platform (Linux
and Windows at initial release)
Still recommend private drives
for ORACLE_HOME
Consider ACFS for ADR
location for RDBMS
Other logfiles or 3rd party
logfiles, batch jobs, etc

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Oracle Software Tidbits

Latest Oracle Clusterware
11.2.0.1
No need for MS Cluster Services
Grid Infrastructure (GI) in 11gR2 combines ASM and Oracle
Clusterware into a single home.

Relevant RAC Database Version:

As per your Application requirements
Note#337737.1 Oracle Clusterware - ASM - Database
Version Compatibility

Patching/Upgrading Patch/Upgrade GI Stack first

Example - 11.2.0.2

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Additional Best Practices

Monitoring and Troubleshooting Best Practices

Install CHM (Cluster Health Monitor formerly called IPD/OS)

<Note 811151.1> How to install Oracle Instantaneous Problem Detector for Clusters (IPD/OS) on
Windows
<Note 810915.1> How to monitor, detect and analyze OS and RAC resource related degradation
and failures on Windows

Monitor Desktop Heap (Desktop Heap Monitor) if running multiple

databases/instances on single cluster
Install Sysinternals Utilities such as Process Explorer for better
monitoring and diagnosis (http://www.sysinternals.com)
Install Debugging Tools for Windows
Bookmark Note#811271.1 - RAC Assurance Support Team: RAC
Starter Kit and Best Practices (Windows) - Monitor for regular
updates

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Appendix

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More Information

OTN Windows Server System Center

http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/database/windows/

OTN Oracle Database

http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/database/enterprise-editio
n/

For more questions

[email protected]

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Oracle OpenWorld

Latin America 2010

December 79, 2010

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Oracle OpenWorld

Beijing 2010
December 1316, 2010

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Oracle Products Available Online

Oracle Store
Buy Oracle license and support
online today at
oracle.com/store

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The preceding is intended to outline our general

product direction. It is intended for information
purposes only, and may not be incorporated into any
contract. It is not a commitment to deliver any
material, code, or functionality, and should not be
relied upon in making purchasing decisions.
The development, release, and timing of any
features or functionality described for Oracles
products remains at the sole discretion of Oracle.

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